灯台树根的止咳活性成分

灯台树(Alstonia scholaris)属夹竹桃科(Apocynace-ae)鸡骨常山属植物,主要分布于台湾、湖南、广东、广西和云南。在西双版纳地区傣族人民将其作为止咳药而广泛应用(赵世望和刀正员,1980)。灯台叶曾收载于《陆川本草》、《云南中草药选》、《中华人民共和国药典》(1977年版一部     

福建裸子植物区系研究

通过野外考察、查阅文献资料和应用植物区系分析方法对福建裸子植物进行研究,得出以下结论：(1)东南沿海的地理位置、显著的季风气候和占总面积50％以上的中山带山地使福建成为中国裸子植物重要的繁衍和保存地之一。(2)福建现代裸子植物有9科、24属、44种(其中含特有科1个为银杏科,特有属有水松、白豆杉、金钱松、杉木、银杏、台湾杉属等6属,拥有四川苏铁、银杏、油杉、华东黄杉、长苞铁杉、金钱松、黄山松、台湾杉、柳杉、水松、柏木、刺柏、三尖杉、粗榧、宽叶粗榧、白豆杉、穗花杉、榧树、罗浮买麻藤等26个特有种),分别占中国同类的90．0％、70．59％和19．13％,是中国裸子植物区系的重要组成部分。(3)古植物学资料和现存的古老、孑遗和特有成分说明福建裸子植物区系起源古老;福建裸子植物的属级分布区类型中泛热带成分占25．0％,亚热带至温带成分占75．0％(其中亚热带分布占41．67％);种的分布亚型中,亚热带分布的占67．10％;均表明福建裸子植物区系具有较为显著的亚热带山地性质。(4)长苞铁杉、杉木、柳杉、福建柏、黄山松、马尾松、油杉、江南油杉、红豆杉、南方红豆杉、粗榧、穗花杉、高山柏等树种分布于海拔800m以上的亚热带中山带。(5)种的分布亚型中,有35种分布在南岭,进一步证明南岭既为西南核心区的亚热带成分向华中、华东迁移提供通道,又为热带亚洲(中南半岛、云贵高原南部)成分向福建、浙江与台湾分布提供了途径。(6)福建裸子植物武夷山脉、闽台陆桥或东山陆桥与周边地区彼此密切交流,相似性系数分析也表明,福建裸子植物区系与华南、西南、华东、华中、台湾等区域联系广泛、关系密切。     

A New Pregnane from Munronia delavayi Franc （Meliaceae）

To search for pharmacologically active constituents of folk medicine, a new pregnane, 2α,3α,15β-trihydroxy-20（S）-tigloyl-pregnane （compound 1）, and nine known compounds, geranylgeraniol （compound 2）, β-daucosterol （compound 3）, 6-hydroxystigmast-4oen-3-one （compound 4）, sitoindoside Ⅰ （compound 5）, sitoindoside Ⅱ （compound 6）, β-sitosterol （compound 7）, kaempferol （compound 8）, quercetin （compound 9）, and rutin （compound 10）, were isolated from the ethanol extract of whole plants of Munronia delavayi Franch using chromatographic methods. The structures of compounds 1-10 were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.     

New antioxidant phenolic glycosides from Walsura yunnanensis

Four new polyphenolic glycosides (1-4) were isolated from the BuOH extract of the bark of Walsura yunnanenis C. Y. Wu. These compounds comprise two lignans, i.e., the 9-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosides 1 and 2 of (-)-isolariciresinol and of (+)-5-methoxyisolariciresinol, respectively, and the two phenolic glycosides 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl 2-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl 6-O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (walsuraside; 4). In addition, three known compounds, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, asperglaucide, and butyl alpha-D-fructofuranoside were identified. Their structures were elucidated spectroscopically and by chemical transformation (hydrolysis). The new compounds 1, 2, and 4 displayed significant antioxidant activities, with IC(50) values in the range of ca. 42 to 49 microg/ml.     

Dolabellane diterpenoids from Aglaia odorata

Dolabellane diterpenoids, (1R,3E,7E,10S,11S,12R)-dolabella-3,7-dien-10,18-diol (1), (1R,3S,7E,11S,12R)-dolabella-4(16),7-dien-3,18-diol (2), (1R,7E,11S,12R)-18-hydroxydolabella-4(16),7-dien-3-one (3), (1R,3S,4S,7E,11S,12R)-3,4-epoxydolabella-7-en-18-ol (4), and (1R,3R,7E,11S,12R)-dolabella-4(16),7,18-trien-3-ol (5), were obtained from the ornamental plant Aglaia odorata. Their structures were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and further confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1 and 5 showed weak cytotoxicity against the human myeloid leukemia HL-60, hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721, and lung cancer A-549 cells.     

Gardovatine,a novel Strychnos–Strychnos bisindole alkaloid with cytotoxicity from Gardneria oveta

Gardovatine (1), the first Strychnos–Strychnos alkaloid with a C₃/C₇ cleaved backbone, was isolated from twigs and leaves of Gardneria ovate, together with an analogue divarine (2). The structure was established by extensive spectroscopic methods. Both compounds showed potential cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines.     

福建梅花山常绿阔叶林植物物种多样性及其海拔梯度格局

常绿阔叶林是福建梅花山国家级自然保护区地带性植被。采用样带与典型群落调查法对区内的常绿阔叶林14400m2样地展开调查,并对植物多样性海拔梯度格局进行分析,结果表明：（1） 群落植物物种丰富度、Gleason丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数的均值分别为64.42、10.75、5.75、3.50、0.58,且这5种指数在各样带间差异极为显著,并随海拔的升高均呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在海拔700m~900m。（2） 群落各层次的植物物种丰富度、Shannon Wiener指数均呈现灌木层（包括幼树和层间植物）〉乔木层〉草本层的特征。乔木、灌木层物种丰富度与乔木层Shannon Wiener指数在海拔梯度上的样带间差异极显著,变化趋势与群落相似;灌木层与草本层Shannon Wiener指数以及草本层物种丰富度随海拔梯度变化不明显。因此,梅花山自然保护区常绿阔叶林植物物种多样性的海拔梯度格局呈现单峰分布,并支持中间高度膨胀模式（mid domain model）。     

Autotoxicity of the soil of consecutively cultured tea plantations on tea (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Camellia sinensis</Emphasis>) seedlings

The production and quality of Tie-Guan-Yin tea (Camellia sinensis) decrease with time after continuous picking over multiple years. However, it is unclear how the soils of consecutively cultured tea plantations affect the growth of tree seedlings. In this study, soil samples were collected from 4-, 9-, and 30-age Tie-Guan-Yin plantations within the original production area, Longjuan town, Anxi County, China. The toxicity of soil samples were tested by laboratory bioassay. Then, new tea seedlings were transplanted in situ into the land of three age tea plantations. One year after transplantation, the growth indexes, physiological parameters (protective enzymes and primary metabolites), photosynthesis parameters, and main tea quality indicators were measured. The results showed that the 4-, 9-, and 30-age soils inhibited lettuce root growth by 10.32, 24.19, and 48.04 %, respectively. The consecutively cultured soil negatively impacted on the growth, physiology, photosynthesis, and overall quality of transplanted tea seedlings. For example, seedlings grown in the 30-age soil had 20 % lower growth rates, 17 % less soluble sugar, 28 % less soluble protein, 37 % less polyphenol, 34 % less theanine, 25 % less amino acid, 37 % less caffeine, and 40 % less of eight catechols than tea seedlings grown in new soil with no history of tea production. These results indicated that the soils of consecutively cultured tea plantations resulted in significant autotoxicity which negatively affected tea seedling growth, metabolism, tea yield, and tea quality. Greater understanding of the causes and mechanisms of autotoxicity is critical to the reclamation of longstanding tea plantation and improvement of the yield and quality of the tea they produce.