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Food availability is important to the dynamics of animal social organizations or populations. However, the role of winter
food availability in animal population dynamics is still controversial. We carried out an experimental study to test Lack’s
hypothesis that reduced food in winter limits survival and spring numbers of breeding individuals of social groups, using
the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) as model species. We established 24 gerbil social groups in 24, 10 × 10 m, pens in September 2008. We provided wheat seeds
as supplemental food in 12 enclosures from September 2008 to March 2009; the other 12 enclosures, not provided with supplemental
food, served as controls. We live-trapped gerbils at a 2-week interval from September to April. Supplemental food during winter
increased biweekly survival by 10% relative to that in control groups. Only four control social groups survived to the end
of our study whereas all 12 food-supplemented social groups survived through our study period. Supplemental food also increased
cumulative numbers of recruits and group sizes of gerbils. We conclude that winter food availability limits winter survival
and spring social groups or population sizes of Mongolian gerbils. 相似文献
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Bing Xia Haiping Ke Wei Jiang Masayori Inouye 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(8):6005-6011
The 5'-end region of cspA mRNA contains a Cold Box sequence conserved among several cold-shock mRNAs. This region forms a stable stem-loop structure followed by an AU-rich sequence. Here we show that the Cold Box region is essential for the normal scale of cspA mRNA induction after cold shock because a deletion of the stem-loop significantly destabilizes the mRNA and reduces the cold shock-induced cspA mRNA amount by approximately 50%. The AU-rich track, however, slightly destabilizes the mRNA. The integrity of the stem is essential for the stabilizing function, whereas that of the loop sequence is less important. Overexpression of a mutant cspA mRNA devoid of both the AUG initiation codon and the coding sequence results in a severe growth inhibition at low temperature along with a derepression of the chromosomal cspA expression. Furthermore, the overexpressed RNA is stably associated with the 30 S and 70 S ribosomes. Our results demonstrate that the AUG initiation codon and the coding region containing the downstream box are not required for cspA mRNA to bind ribosomes and that the 5'-untranslated region by itself has a remarkable affinity to ribosomes at low temperature. 相似文献
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Correlation between bilayer destabilization and activity enhancement by diacylglycerols in reconstituted Ca-ATPase vesicles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using the reconstituted Ca-ATPase vesicles as a model system, we demonstrated that the presence of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol (diolein) in the membrane introduces a pronounced enhancement in the Ca-transport function of Ca-ATPase, while the 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol (dipalmitin) does not. We also found by both 31P NMR and freeze-fraction electron microscopy that diolein destabilized lipid bilayers to a greater extent than did dipalmitin. We conclude that the tendency of diacylglycerols to destabilize the phospholipid bilayer is related to their capacity to enhance the activity of the membrane calcium pump. 相似文献
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