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排序方式: 共有291条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M Camacho Ochoa T A Jackson C S Aaron R A Lahti G M Strain P F Von Voigtlander 《Life sciences》1992,51(14):1135-1143
A morphometric study of kainic acid- (KA) induced lesions was designed for the study of the interaction of the diamines U-5449A and U-50488H with excitatory amino acids, and the dose-response relationship thereof. IC50S determined for binding at the kappa receptor and other opioid receptors demonstrated the lack of kappa activity of U-54494A, a structurally related analog of U-50488H. Both opiate kappa receptor related anticonvulsant diamines were tested for their ability to protect the mouse hippocampus from the cytopathological changes induced by KA in neurons and glia. The damage observed with i.c.v. KA in mouse was restricted to neurons of the CA3 pyramidal region and glia of the hippocampus. It involved massive cell loss and shrunken neurons with dark cytoplasm and nuclei. Groups treated with combinations of KA and U-54494A or U-50488H showed scarce damage, but patches of necrotic changes were still observed. Control animals treated with saline (i.c.v.) and U-54494A (s.c.) or U-50488H (s.c.) did not suffer any noticeable alterations of the polymorphic layers of the hippocampal formation. Image analysis of the CA3 area of the hippocampus was used to quantitate the vacuolization induced by KA lesions in the control and treated groups. By this method, both U-54494A and U-50488H were shown to protect this area in a dose-related fashion as evidenced by reduced vacuolization. The anticonvulsant properties of these compounds may result in the antagonism of the excitotoxic lesions. More specifically, the ability of these diamines to block depolarization-induced influxes of Ca++ may protect the CA3 cells from the cytotoxic effects of persistent depolarization. 相似文献
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3.
H U M?sch B Scheier R Lahti P M?nts?la G H Braus 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1991,266(30):20453-20456
4.
R Lahti K Pohjanoksa T Pitk?ranta P Heikinheimo T Salminen P Meyer J Heinonen 《Biochemistry》1990,29(24):5761-5766
Analysis of the conservation of functional residues between yeast and Escherichia coli inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) suggested that Asp-97, Glu-98, Asp-102, and Lys-104 are important for the action of E. coli PPase [Lahti, R., Kolakowski, L. F., Heinonen, J., Vihinen, M., Pohjanoksa, K., & Cooperman, B. S. (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1038, 338-345]. We replaced these four residues by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, giving variant PPases DV97, DE97, EV98, DV102, DE102, KI104, and KR104. PPase variants DV97, DV102, and KI104 had no enzyme activity, whereas PPase variants DE97, EV98, DE102, and KR104 had 22%, 33%, 3%, and 3% of the wild-type PPase activity, respectively. This suggests that Asp-97, Asp-102, and Lys-104 are essential for the catalytic activity of E. coli PPase. PPase variants DV98 and KR104 also had an increased sensitivity to heat denaturation; incubation of these mutant PPases at 75 degrees C for 15 min in the presence of 5 mM magnesium ion decreased the activity to 20% and 1%, respectively, of the initial value while 74% of the activity was observed with wild-type PPase. Furthermore, these thermolabile mutant PPases displayed the most profound conformational changes of the PPase variants examined, as demonstrated by the binding of the fluorescent dye Nile red that monitors the hydrophobicity of protein surfaces. Accordingly, Glu-98 and Lys-104 seem to be important for the structural integrity of E. coli PPase. 相似文献
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Activity changes of inorganic pyrophosphatase of Streptococcus faecalis during batch culture 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The state of inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) from Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 8043 was studied in different phases of batch culture. The degree of inactivation (i.e. the ratio of activities observed before and after incubation at 37 degrees C without cysteine) was highest, and the degree of activation (i.e. the ratio of activities after and before incubation in the presence of cysteine) was lowest, in samples taken during the early-exponential growth phase. During the various phases of batch culture, the specific activity before incubation and the degree of inactivation changed in parallel, whereas the specific activity observed after incubation remained nearly constant. During the early-exponential phase of growth almost all the enzyme was in the high-activity form, whereas during the stationary phase the highly active and the less active forms existed in equal amounts. These findings suggest that inorganic pyrophosphatase in S. faecalis is synthesized constitutively and is primarily regulated at the level of activity. 相似文献
7.
Katrina Laks Tiina Kirsipuu Tuuli Dmitrijeva Andres Salumets Peep Palumaa 《The protein journal》2016,35(3):171-176
Biological fluid sample collection often includes the risk of blood contamination that may alter the proteomic profile of biological fluid. In proteomics studies, exclusion of contaminated samples is usually based on visual inspection and counting of red blood cells in the sample; analysis of specific blood derived proteins is less used. To fill the gap, we developed a fast and sensitive method for ascertainment of blood contamination in crude biological fluids, based on specific blood-derived protein, hemoglobin detection by MALDI-TOF MS. The MALDI-TOF MS based method allows detection of trace hemoglobin with the detection limit of 0.12 nM. UV-spectrometry, which was used as reference method, was found to be less sensitive. The main advantages of the presented method are that it is fast, effective, sensitive, requires very small sample amount and can be applied for detection of blood contamination in various biological fluids collected for proteomics studies. Method applicability was tested on human cerebrospinal and follicular fluid, which proteomes generally do not contain hemoglobin, however, which possess high risk for blood contamination. Present method successfully detected the blood contamination in 12 % of cerebrospinal fluid and 24 % of follicular fluid samples. High percentage of contaminated samples accentuates the need for initial inspection of proteomic samples to avoid incorrect results from blood proteome overlap. 相似文献
8.
Alexander A. Baykov Anssi M. Malinen Heidi H. Luoto Reijo Lahti 《Microbiology and molecular biology reviews》2013,77(2):267-276
SUMMARY
In its early history, life appeared to depend on pyrophosphate rather than ATP as the source of energy. Ancient membrane pyrophosphatases that couple pyrophosphate hydrolysis to active H+ transport across biological membranes (H+-pyrophosphatases) have long been known in prokaryotes, plants, and protists. Recent studies have identified two evolutionarily related and widespread prokaryotic relics that can pump Na+ (Na+-pyrophosphatase) or both Na+ and H+ (Na+,H+-pyrophosphatase). Both these transporters require Na+ for pyrophosphate hydrolysis and are further activated by K+. The determination of the three-dimensional structures of H+- and Na+-pyrophosphatases has been another recent breakthrough in the studies of these cation pumps. Structural and functional studies have highlighted the major determinants of the cation specificities of membrane pyrophosphatases and their potential use in constructing transgenic stress-resistant organisms. 相似文献9.
10.
M. Aaron Owen David C. Lahti 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(4):740-748
Sexual selection theory provides a framework for investigating the evolution of traits involved in attracting and competing for mates. Given the sexual function of such traits, studies generally focus on individual interactions (i.e., displays and contests) in explaining trait origin and persistence. We show that ecological factors can strongly influence the adaptive value of these traits, and changes to these factors can lead to rapid evolutionary change. We compared sexually selected traits in the small Indian mongoose (Urva auropunctata) between their sparsely populated native range and four tropical islands to which they were introduced within the last 150 years and where, due to a lack of interspecific competition and predation, they have become invasive and densely populated. Because of a likely increase in encounter rate, we predicted that selection on long-distance chemical advertisement by males would relax in the introduced range. Accordingly, male, but not female, anal pads (used in scent marking) decreased in size in relation to both time since introduction and population density, and their relationship to body size and condition weakened. Concurrently, as predicted by intensified sperm competition, testis size increased following introduction. The small Indian mongoose thus experienced an inversion in the relative contributions to fitness of two sexual traits, followed by their rapid evolution in line with ecological changes. 相似文献