Complete Genome Sequence of an H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Egret in Lake Dongting Wetland

We isolated a recombinant H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) from fresh egret feces in the Ardeidae protection region of the Dongting Lake wetland area in China, and it was designated A/Egret/Hunan/1/2012(H9N2). This is the first report of isolating H9N2 AIV from wild birds in the Dongting Lake wetland. Its eight gene segments are generated by reassortment of gene segments of different AIV subtypes. These results are helpful for understanding the epidemiology and evolution of AIV in wild birds during migration.     

Data estimation and the colour of time series.

There has been a long debate on the source of temporal fluctuations in natural population densities. The difficulty is that unpredictable irregularities might be attributed either to external environmental factors or to chaotic dynamics of populations, or even to the interaction of these two factors. Some years ago Cohen (1995) pointed out that real time series follow redshifted Fourier power spectra, while the simplest chaotic population dynamical models are mostly blueshifted. Since then, the controversy has focused on comparisons of Fourier spectra originating from different models and data. Here, we show experimentally that estimation process by human observers shifts power spectra to the red. This result implies that because of estimation distortion, real population data must be less redshifted than many recorded time series suggest.     

Assessing the importance of a self-generated detachment process in river biofilm models

1. Epilithic biofilm biomass was measured for 14 months in two sites, located up‐ and downstream of the city of Toulouse in the Garonne River (south‐west France). Periodical sampling provided a biomass data set to compare with simulations from the model of Uehlinger, Bürher and Reichert (1996: Freshwater Biology, 36 , 249–263.), in order to evaluate the impact of hydraulic disturbance. 2. Despite differences in application conditions (e.g. river size, discharge, frequency of disturbance), the base equation satisfactorily predicted biomass between low and high water periods of the year, suggesting that the flood disturbance regime may be considered a universal mechanism controlling periphyton biomass. 3. However modelling gave no agreement with biomass dynamics during the 7‐month long low water period that the river experienced. The influence of other biomass‐regulating factors (temperature, light and soluble reactive phosphorus) on temporal biomass dynamics was weak. 4. Implementing a supplementary mechanism corresponding to a temperature‐dependent self‐generated loss because of heterotrophic processes allowed us to accurately reproduce the observed pattern: a succession of two peaks. This case study suggests that during typical summer low water periods (flow stability and favourable temperature) river biofilm modelling requires self‐generated detachment to be considered.     

血革螨科二新种（蜱螨亚纲）

本文记述了血革螨科两新种:大理血革螨Haemogamasus daliensis sp.nov.和中华真厉螨Eulaelaps sinensis sp.nov.。该文对新种的形态特征作了描述,并与近似种进行了比较。     

中国的角石蛾属昆虫(毛翅目:角石蛾科)

McLachlan(1866)根据采自印度北部阿萨姆Assam的一只雄虫,描述新种灰翅角石蛾Stcnopsyche griseipennis McLachlan并做为模式种,而建立角石蛾属StenopsycheMcLachlan,置于纹石蛾科Hydropsychidae.Ulmer(1907)将前人称之的纹石蛾科分为纹石蛾科(狭义),多距石蛾科Polycentropidae等翅石峨科Philopotomidae和管石蛾科Psychomyiidae。他根据角石蛾属有3个单眼和前足胫节有3个距而置于等翅石蛾科中;但角石蛾属在翅形、脉相、体躯大小和外生殖器等方面与等翅石蛾科的差别极为明显。Banks(1913)认为Ulmer所述的4科,仅能被认为是纹石蛾科中的4个亚科,他将角石     

电针引起脊髓P物质释放的频率依赖性

我室以往的研究表明,不同频率的电针可引起脊髓释放不同种类的阿片肽。本工作观察Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）释放的频率依赖性,电针频率选择２,４,８,１５,３０和１００Ｈｚ,分别收集电针期间及电针前后各３０ｍｉｎ的脊髓灌流液,通过放射免疫方法测定大鼠电针有效组和电针无效组Ｐ物质免疫活性（ＳＰ－ｉｒ）．结果如下：（１）电针有效组：２Ｈｚ引起ＳＰ－ｉｒ降低,与电针前相比,Ｐ＜０．０１;４Ｈｚ电针前后ＳＰ－ｉｒ比较,无统计学意义;８,１５,３０,１００Ｈｚ时ＳＰ－ｉｒ均增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其中１５Ｈｚ时ＳＰ增加最多（Ｐ＜０．００１）,表明刺激引起ＳＰ释放有频率依赖性。（２）电针无效组：不论应用何种频率,电针前后脊髓灌流液中ＳＰ－ｉｒ变化不大（均Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示,电针时脊髓液中ＳＰ含量变化与镇痛效果有密切关系。     

棕色固氮菌缺失nifZ基因的突变种固氮酶MoFe蛋白的纯化和性质

采用 52℃下加热 6 min,后经 DEAE- 52、Sephacryls S- 2 0 0和 Q- Sepharose等柱层析方法 ,分离纯化了棕色固氮菌 (Azotobacter vinelandii)缺失 nif Z基因突变种固氮酶 Mo Fe(Δnif Z Mo Fe)蛋白 ,其纯度达到电泳纯。Δnif Z Mo Fe蛋白的固氮活性为 2 83nmol C2 H2 还原 / (min·mg蛋白 ) ,远低于野生种 Mo Fe蛋白。Δnif Z Mo Fe蛋白对氧更敏感 ;热稳定性略低于野生种。Δnif Z Mo Fe蛋白的可见光吸收光谱与野生种 Mo Fe蛋白极为相似。其圆二色谱和磁圆二色谱在 450～ 550 nm与野生种 Mo Fe蛋白显著不同 ,表明其 P- cluster及其周围环境与野生种 Mo Fe蛋白有所差异。这亦可能是造成缺失 nif Z突变种 Mo Fe蛋白固氮活性低的原因。     

尖三刺角蝉的核型与性二型现象：同翅目：角蝉科

尖三刺角蝉Ｔｈｉｃｅｎｔｒｕｓａｃｕｔｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ的雌雄均只有１０条染色体,性别决定为ＸＹ型,是角蝉科已知最为独特的核型特征,该种具有明显的性二型现象,由于雄性不具有上肩角,极易被误认为是秃角蝉属ＣｅｎｔｒｏｔｏｓｃｅｌｌｕｓＦｕｎｋｈｏｕｓｅｒ的种类。本文根据染色体特征,首次确定了该种的雄性,并对其形态特征进行了描述。