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R Reghunandanan V Reghunandanan R K Marya 《Indian journal of experimental biology》1992,30(4):347-349
All the parameters of renal function (inulin clearance, para amino hippuric acid clearance and urine flow) which were depressed during experimentally induced hemorrhagic shock in dogs improved significantly in addition to improvement in mean arterial pressure (MAP) after bolus administration (iv) of 1 or 2 mg/kg naloxone. A smaller dose (0.5 mg/kg) of naloxone, however, did not improve the renal function. Even renal arterial injection of the same dose of naloxone showed no improvement in the renal function. In both these cases the improvement in the MAP was significantly less as compared to other groups of animals which received 1 or 2 mg/kg naloxone. It may be concluded that (a) naloxone at doses of 1 or 2 mg/kg improved the renal function by improving MAP and (b) naloxone has no direct action on renal vasculature. 相似文献
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V. Reghunandanan R. D. Badgaiyan R. K. Marya R. Reghunandanan B. K. Maini 《Chronobiology international》1989,6(2):123-129
Effect of lithium injections through chronically implanted cannulae into the bilateral suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) on the circadian rhythm of food intake was investigated in the rat. It was observed that the circadian rhythm was disrupted by injections of lithium at the beginning of the light as well as the dark phase of the LD cycle. In either case the percentage of the food consumed during the 12-hr light period increased while that during the dark period decreased without any significant change in the total daily intake. Disruptions in the circadian rhythm of food intake failed to show any dose-response relation. Injections of saline into the SCN or lithium into the nearby SCN area did not produce a disruption of the circadian rhythm of food intake. 相似文献
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In order to assess the effect of opioid receptor antagonists, naloxone and noradrenaline, on renal cortical microcirculation,
India ink infusion was made through the renal artery, one hour after treatment with each drug, in dogs subjected to haemorrhagic
shock. Naloxone (1 mg/kg) treatment showed a dual beneficial effect of significant improvement (P < 0.001) in the mean arterial pressure without increasing the renal resistance as indicated by the presence of ink particles
in about 75% of the cortical glomeruli. However, in the case of noradrenaline (2 Μ/kg/min)-treated animals, although mean
arterial pressure increased significantly (P < 0.001) only very few glomeruli (25%) in the cortical region showed ink particles, demonstrating severe vasoconstriction.
In the control group infused only with saline, although most of the glomeruli (92%) were filled with ink particles, there
was a significant decline in the mean arterial pressure (P < 0.001). 相似文献
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R Reghunandanan R K Marya G P Singh B K Maini V Reghunandanan 《Indian journal of experimental biology》1990,28(4):333-336
The present study was conducted to compare the effect of naloxone, an opiate receptor antagonist, with catecholamines on acid-base status and survival in dogs subjected to hemorrhagic shock. Arterial lactic acid concentration which had increased during hemorrhage, decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) in naloxone treated animals but increased further in catecholamine treated dogs. Blood bicarbonate concentration and PCO2 which had markedly decreased 1 hr after hemorrhage recovered significantly (P less than 0.05) in naloxone group of animals. On the other hand bicarbonate and pH declined further in noradrenaline group and remained unchanged in dopamine group. These results as well as better survival rate observed in naloxone treated animals suggest the superiority of naloxone over dopamine and noradrenaline, as an adjunct to blood transfusion in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock. 相似文献
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Vallath Reghunandanan Rajalaxmy Reghunandanan Ramesh Kumar Marya Pardaman Inderbir Singh 《Chronobiology international》1992,9(5):356-361
The present study makes an attempt to find out the action of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and its antagonist d-(CH2)5Tyr (Me) AVP applied at the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) on the circadian rhythm of water intake. Chronic implantation of a 22 G stainless steel cannula for injection was performed using a stereotaxic technique under Nembutal anesthesia. AVP and its antagonist were injected into the SCN of free-moving rats at the beginning of light and dark phases of the light-dark (LD) cycle. Injections of AVP during either phase did not disrupt the circadian pattern of water intake while the injections of the antagonist disrupted it. The findings are suggestive of the involvement of AVP as a mediator of the circadian rhythm of water intake at the level of the neural pacemaker, SCN. 相似文献
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In this review article an insight has been made into the strong possibility of the role of vasopressin (VP) in the control of circadian rhythms which has emerged from the results of the recent experiments in this field. A role for VP, which is identified in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of mammals, as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the central nervous system has been postulated for some time now. The presence of certain abnormalities in the circadian rhythms in VP deficient Brattleboro rats has suggested that this neuropeptide is a likely candidate in controlling circadian rhythms. The coexistence of VP and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), their interrelation with reference to their role in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical glucocorticoid axis not only in states of stress but also in day-to-day life has also been discussed. The possible role of dynorphin, which is co-synthesized with VP in the hypothalamic neurons, and other opioids in the control of circadian rhythms has been highlighted. The pineal, SCN relation in the process of development of circadian rhythms has also been reviewed briefly. 相似文献
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