alpha-D-mannosidase activity in histiocytosis X.

A histochemical study of enzymatic activities was undertaken in five cases of histiocytosis X (two localized bone forms, two generalized forms, and one involving mainly the skin), each of which revealed characteristic structural features at the optical and ultrastructural levels. A confirmation was made of the original assumption of high acid alpha-D-mannosidase activity, i.e. activity described in human Langerhans intraepidermal cells (Elleder, 1975). In the control group of tumors, with the exception of urticaria pigmentosa, enzyme activity was either at trace level or altogether absent. Acid alpha-D-mannosidase activity therefore appears to be the first biochemical feature common to both histiocytosis X and the Langerhans cells. The significance of the finding for the present theory of the histogenesis of the above tumors is discussed.     

Weitere Versuche mit der Rauhverzwergung und Streifenkrankheit des Maises

P?i velmi pozdním setí (5. VI. 1964) a opakovaném p?enosu k?ísaCalligypona pellucida sOriganum vulgare aPlantato major, nemocných ?loutenkou aster, bylo u kuku?ice docíleno velmi ?etné a tě?ké napadení jmenovanou virosou. Onemocnění mělo za následek tmavou barvu list?, někdy jejich pruhovitost, ?asto zakrsání rostlin, nevyvinutí saměích květenství nebo jejich zlistnatění, rudimentární vývoj někdy nadměrně ?etných sami?ích květenství, jejich nedokonalé opylení, velmi silné sní?ení sklizně zrna. Na této lokalitě (Praha-Dejvice, Na Karlovce) nebylo docíleno ?ádné virové onemocnění p?enosemCalligypona pellucida na oves a je?men, jestli?e p?ed tím k?ísi sáli naOriganum vulgare z té?e lokality, nemocném ?loutenkou aster. Virosní sterilita a zakrslost ovsa je p?sobena jiným virem nebo jinou skupinou virových kmen? ne? virová zakrslost a pruhovitost kuku?ice.     

Prevention and Reversal of Obesity and Glucose Intolerance in Mice by DHA Derivatives

The n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), exert hypolipidemic effects and prevent development of obesity and insulin resistance in animals fed high‐fat diets. We sought to determine the efficacy of α‐substituted DHA derivatives as lipid‐lowering, antiobesity, and antidiabetic agents. C57BL/6 mice were given a corn oil‐based high‐fat (35% weight/weight) diet (cHF), or cHF with 1.5% of lipids replaced with α‐methyl DHA ethyl ester (Substance 1), α‐ethyl DHA ethyl ester (Substance 2), α,α‐di‐methyl DHA ethyl ester (Substance 3), or α‐thioethyl DHA ethyl ester (Substance 4) for 4 months. Plasma markers of glucose and lipid metabolism, glucose tolerance, morphology, tissue lipid content, and gene regulation were characterized. The cHF induced obesity, hyperlipidemia, impairment of glucose homeostasis, and adipose tissue inflammation. Except for Substance 3, all other substances prevented weight gain and Substance 2 exerted the strongest effect (63% of cHF‐controls). Glucose intolerance was significantly prevented (～67% of cHF) by both Substance 1 and Substance 2. Moreover, Substance 2 lowered fasting glycemia, plasma insulin, triacylglycerols, and nonesterified fatty acids (73, 9, 47, and 81% of cHF‐controls, respectively). Substance 2 reduced accumulation of lipids in liver and skeletal muscle, as well as adipose tissue inflammation associated with obesity. Substance 2 also induced weight loss in dietary obese mice. In contrast to DHA administered either alone or as a component of the EPA/DHA concentrate (replacing 15% of dietary lipids), Substance 2 also reversed established glucose intolerance in obese mice. Thus, Substance 2 represents a novel compound with a promising potential in the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disturbances.     

La variabilité du niveau du virus de la jaunisse chezAllium ampeloprasum L. subsp.porrum L. (REGEL)

1. 1.
   K?ísCalligypona pellucida FABR. velmi pravděpodobně p?ená?í na pór a kuchyňskou cibuli kmeny virové ?loutenky aster, co? se projevuje p?edev?ím proliferací květenství.