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1.
Using high pressure liquid chromatography the serum concentration of vitamin E was measured in dairy cows fed either hay or silage as their main roughage, in calves fed milk-replacer, and in young intensively fed bulls. The concentrates fed to the cows, calves and bulls were supplemented with 5–10, 25 and 5–10 mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate per kg, respectively, and the milk-replacer for the calves was supplemented with 50 mg DL-α-tooopheryl acetate per kg powder. Cows fed silage as their main roughage had higher serum vitamin E concentrations (
$${\rm{\bar x}}$$
: 3.8–5.2 mg/l) than cows fed only hay (
$${\rm{\bar x}}$$
: 2.5–4.1 mg/1). Lactating cows had higher vitamin E concentrations than dry cows (
$${\rm{\bar x}}$$
: 4.1–5.2 and 2.5–3.8 mg/l, respectively) and calves and bulls had much lower vitamin E concentrations (
$${\rm{\bar x}}$$
: 1.4 and 1.2 mg/l, respectively) than cows. Thirty per cent of the calves and 41 % of the bulls had serum vitamin E concentrations less than 1.0 mg/l, suggesting that in these animals the conventional level of supplementation of feeds with DL-α-tocopheryl acetate in Sweden is probably inadequate for the prevention of nutritional muscular degeneration and other negative effects. 相似文献
2.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/solid phase microextraction (GC-MS/SPME) was applied to identify microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) in water-damaged, mold-infested building materials (gypsum board papers (n=2), mineral wool, and masonite) and in cultivated molds (Aspergillus penicillioides, Stachybotrys chartarum, and Chaetomium globosum). Three SPME fibers (65-microm PDMS-DVB, 75-microm Carboxen-PDMS, and 70-microm Carbowax-stableflex) designed for automated injection were used of which the latter showed best performance. A number of previously reported MVOCs were detected both in the building materials and the cultivated molds. In addition, methyl benzoate was identified both in the S. chartarum and A. penicillioides cultures and in the building materials. SPME combined with GC-MS may be a useful method for the determination of MVOCs emitted from mold-infested building materials. 相似文献
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4.
Quinlan AR Boland MJ Leibowitz ML Shumilina S Pehrson SM Baldwin KK Hall IM 《Cell Stem Cell》2011,9(4):366-373
The biomedical utility of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will be diminished if most iPSC lines harbor deleterious genetic mutations. Recent microarray studies have shown that human iPSCs carry elevated levels of DNA copy number variation compared with those in embryonic stem cells, suggesting that these and other classes of genomic structural variation (SV), including inversions, smaller duplications and deletions, complex rearrangements, and retroelement transpositions, may frequently arise as a consequence of reprogramming. Here we employ whole-genome paired-end DNA sequencing and sensitive mapping algorithms to identify all classes of SV in three fully pluripotent mouse iPSC lines. Despite the improved scope and resolution of this study, we find few spontaneous mutations per line (one or two) and no evidence for?endogenous retroelement transposition. These results show that genome stability can persist throughout reprogramming, and argue that it is possible to generate iPSCs lacking gene-disrupting mutations using current reprogramming methods. 相似文献
5.
Chakravarthy S Gundimella SK Caron C Perche PY Pehrson JR Khochbin S Luger K 《Molecular and cellular biology》2005,25(17):7616-7624
macroH2A is an H2A variant with a highly unusual structural organization. It has a C-terminal domain connected to the N-terminal histone domain by a linker. Crystallographic and biochemical studies show that changes in the L1 loop in the histone fold region of macroH2A impact the structure and potentially the function of nucleosomes. The 1.6-A X-ray structure of the nonhistone region reveals an alpha/beta fold which has previously been found in a functionally diverse group of proteins. This region associates with histone deacetylases and affects the acetylation status of nucleosomes containing macroH2A. Thus, the unusual domain structure of macroH2A integrates independent functions that are instrumental in establishing a structurally and functionally unique chromatin domain. 相似文献
6.
Christentze Schmiegelow Thomas Scheike Mayke Oesterholt Daniel Minja Caroline Pehrson Pamela Magistrado Martha Lemnge Vibeke Rasch John Lusingu Thor G. Theander Birgitte Bruun Nielsen 《PloS one》2012,7(9)
Objective
To produce a fetal weight chart representative of a Tanzanian population, and compare it to weight charts from Sub-Saharan Africa and the developed world.Methods
A longitudinal observational study in Northeastern Tanzania. Pregnant women were followed throughout pregnancy with serial trans-abdominal ultrasound. All pregnancies with pathology were excluded and a chart representing the optimal growth potential was developed using fetal weights and birth weights. The weight chart was compared to a chart from Congo, a chart representing a white population, and a chart representing a white population but adapted to the study population. The prevalence of SGA was assessed using all four charts.Results
A total of 2193 weight measurements from 583 fetuses/newborns were included in the fetal weight chart. Our chart had lower percentiles than all the other charts. Most importantly, in the end of pregnancy, the 10th percentiles deviated substantially causing an overestimation of the true prevalence of SGA newborns if our chart had not been used.Conclusions
We developed a weight chart representative for a Tanzanian population and provide evidence for the necessity of developing regional specific weight charts for correct identification of SGA. Our weight chart is an important tool that can be used for clinical risk assessments of newborns and for evaluating the effect of intrauterine exposures on fetal and newborn weight. 相似文献7.
8.
Extending half-life by indirect targeting of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) using a minimal albumin binding domain 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Andersen JT Pehrson R Tolmachev V Daba MB Abrahmsén L Ekblad C 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(7):5234-5241
The therapeutic and diagnostic efficiency of engineered small proteins, peptides, and chemical drug candidates is hampered by short in vivo serum half-life. Thus, strategies to tailor their biodistribution and serum persistence are highly needed. An attractive approach is to take advantage of the exceptionally long circulation half-life of serum albumin or IgG, which is attributed to a pH-dependent interaction with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) rescuing these proteins from intracellular degradation. Here, we present molecular evidence that a minimal albumin binding domain (ABD) derived from streptococcal protein G can be used for efficient half-life extension by indirect targeting of FcRn. We show that ABD, and ABD recombinantly fused to an Affibody molecule, in complex with albumin does not interfere with the strictly pH-dependent FcRn-albumin binding kinetics. The same result was obtained in the presence of IgG. An in vivo study performed in rat confirmed that the clinically relevant human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-targeting Affibody molecule fused to ABD has a similar half-life and biodistribution profile as serum albumin. The proof-of-concept described may be broadly applicable to extend the in vivo half-life of short lived biological or chemical drugs ultimately resulting in enhanced therapeutic or diagnostic efficiency, a more favorable dosing regimen, and improved patient compliance. 相似文献
9.
The brown hare (Lepus europaeus) expanded its Swedish distribution since the 1980s northwards and locally to new areas within its former range. Of 115 brown
hare populations within the former range reported in a hunter enquiry, those established after 1980 were situated higher above
the sea level than older ones and higher than neighbouring (<50 km) older populations. Reports on increased use of forest
habitats by brown hares were equally frequent among recent and older populations, suggesting a process promoted solely by
less harsh winters. Supposed hare hybrids were more often reported from hunting grounds with recent brown hare establishment,
i.e. where the species expands in time and in space. In a 27-year dataset on brown hare observations, the recent increased
use of forest habitats was supported in that maximum distances to agricultural land for brown hare sightings were higher in
mild winters, whereas the proportions of the annual observations made during winter were lower. In 40-year bag records from
two Swedish counties, the dynamics of the mountain hare (Lepus timidus) responded positively to snow parameters, whereas brown hares responded negatively. We suggest that the state of mountain
hare populations primarily depends on winter conditions and predation pressure, whereas possible effects of hybridization
are unclear. If winter conditions remain as in the last 15 years, mountain hare numbers are not likely to increase in southern
Sweden, whereas the brown hare may expand even further. In either case, hybrids will occur in sympatric areas in frequencies
probably related to the density of the respective true species. 相似文献
10.
Microscopy studies have shown that XIST RNA colocalizes with the inactive X chromosome (Xi). However, the molecular basis for this colocalization is unknown. Here we provide two lines of evidence from chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments that XIST RNA physically associates with the Xi chromatin. First, XIST RNA can be co-precipitated by antiserum against macroH2A, a histone H2A variant enriched in the Xi. Second, XIST RNA can be co-precipitated by antisera that recognize unacetylated, but not acetylated, isoforms of histones H3 and H4. The specificity of XIST RNA association with hypoacetylated chromatin, together with the previous finding that hypoacetylated histone H4 is enriched at promoters of X-inactivated genes, raises the possibility that XIST RNA may contribute to the hypoacetylation of specific regions of the Xi so as to alter the expression of X-linked genes. 相似文献