全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1269篇 |
免费 | 73篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 42篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 58篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 48篇 |
2015年 | 65篇 |
2014年 | 90篇 |
2013年 | 100篇 |
2012年 | 99篇 |
2011年 | 107篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 85篇 |
2007年 | 72篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 50篇 |
2003年 | 42篇 |
2002年 | 45篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1342条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Danuta Dus Maciej Ugorski Wojciech Gorczyca Czeslaw Radzikowski 《Glycoconjugate journal》1989,6(3):355-365
125I-Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) binding parameters of human urothelial cell lines of different grades of transformation (TGrll and TGrlll) were compared. The values of association constant (Ka) and the number of binding sites/cell for HCV29 (TGrll) cell line were about 3×106M–1 and over 4×107, respectively. Two TGrlll cell lines, HCV29T and Hu549 revealed lower values for Ka, and considerably higher numbers of binding sites/cell (about 3×108 and 2×108, respectively). Binding of125I-WGA to total cellular proteins resolved by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose showed multiple diffused bands in the range of 58–180 kDa. Some of these bands were characteristic for TGrll cells (124 kDa) or TGrlll cells (135 and 148 kDa).Abbreviations TGr
transformation grade
- WGA
wheat germ agglutinin
- sWGA
succinylated wheat germ agglutinin
- GlcNAc
N-acetyl-d-glucosamine
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- SDS-PAGE
sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 相似文献
2.
N,N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) inhibits the activity of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase in the isolated and reconstitued mitochondrial cytochrome b-c1 complex. DCCD inhibits equally electron flow and proton translocation (i.e., the ratio is not affected) catalysed by the enzyme reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles. The inhibitory effects are accompanied by structural alterations in the polypeptide pattern of both isolated and reconstituted enzyme. Cross-linking was observed between subunits V (iron-sulfur protein) and VII, indicating that these polypeptides are in close proximity. A clear correlation was found between the kinetics of inhibition of enzymic activity and the cross-linking, suggesting that the two phenomena may be coupled. Binding of [14C]DCCD was also observed, to all subunits with the isolated enzyme and preferentially to cytochrome b with the reconstituted vesicles; in both cases, however, it was not correlated kinetically with the inhibition of the enzymic activity. 相似文献
3.
Maciej Zenkteler 《American journal of botany》1962,49(4):341-348
Zenkteler , Maciej . (U. Adam Mickiewicz, ul. Stalingradzka 14, Poznan, Poland.) Microsporogenesis and tapetal development in normal and male-sterile carrots (Daucus carota). Amer. Jour. Bot. 49(4): 341–348. Illus. 1962.—Meiosis and anther development proceed normally in fertile plants. Nine pairs of chromosomes are present at diakinesis and at metaphase I. The mature pollen grains possess 2 male gametes at the time of shedding; 80–92% of the pollen appears normal. A cross-shaped configuration at pachytene characteristic of a reciprocal translocation is present in the completely pollen-sterile plants indicating that one of the parents is homozygous for an interchange between 2 members of the chromosome complex. Chromosome bridges with fragments at anaphase I and anaphase II lead to aberrant chromosome distribution during meiosis. Complete microspore abortion is associated with a periplasmodium formation of the tapetum and anther wall deterioration. 相似文献
4.
E Rudzki D Litewska Z Samochocki P Rebandel E Saciuk A Chrupek B Niemczyk 《Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)》1990,45(42-44):876-879
Three hundred sixty five children and hundred thirty nine adults with atopic dermatitis were divided into three groups. Group A included patients with negative family history of allergy; group B--allergy history in one parent or his family; group C--allergy in both parents or their families. It was found that total IgE level was higher in patients of group C in comparison with group A. Similarly, bronchial asthma and/or rhinitis coexisted more frequently, incidence of urticaria was higher and its onset earlier in patients of group C. The results noted in patients of group B occupied middle position between those in group A and group C. Results related to the incidence of RAST positive reactions and multiple sensitivity were similar but the differences were lower. Radioimmunologic assays were performed only in part of the tested patients. 相似文献
5.
Maciej Poltorak Mark A. Frye Renee Wright †John J. Hemperly Mark S. George Peggy J. Pazzaglia Shari A. Jerrels Robert M. Post William J. Freed 《Journal of neurochemistry》1996,66(4):1532-1538
Abstract: Neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) is involved in cell-cell interactions during synaptogenesis, morphogenesis, and plasticity of the nervous system. Disturbances in synaptic restructuring and neural plasticity may be related to the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric diseases, including mood disorders and schizophrenia. Disturbances in brain cellular function may alter concentrations of N-CAM in the CSF. Soluble human N-CAM proteins are detectable in the CSF but are minor constituents of serum. We have recently found an increase in N-CAM content in the CSF of patients with schizophrenia. Although the pathogenesis of both schizophrenia and mood disorders is unknown, ventriculomegaly, decreased temporal lobe volume, and subcortical structural abnormalities have been reported for both disorders. We have therefore measured N-CAM concentrations in the CSF of patients with mood disorder. There were significant increases in amounts of N-CAM immunoreactive proteins, primarily the 120-kDa band, in the CSF of psychiatric inpatients with bipolar mood disorder type I and recurrent unipolar major depression. There were no differences in bipolar mood disorder type II patients as compared with normals. There were no significant effects of medication treatment on N-CAM concentrations. It is possible that the 120-kDa N-CAM band present in the CSF is derived from CNS cells as a secreted soluble N-CAM isoform. Our results suggest the possibility of latent state-related disturbances in N-CAM cellular function, i.e., residue from a previous episode, or abnormal N-CAM turnover in the CNS of patients with mood disorder. 相似文献
6.
The effect of linolenic acid (18:3) on release of the 43 kDa polypeptide and manganese from photosystem II ( PS II ) membranes depleted of extrinsic polypeptides was studied. In both control and NaCl-washed particles which were depleted of the extrinsic 23 and 16 kDa polypeptides, the 18:3 treatment caused a 20% release of the 33 and 43 kDa polypeptides. In CaCl2 , (or urea + NaCl)-washed particles, which were depleted of the 33 kDa polypeptide in addition to the 23 and 16 kDa polypeptides, the release of the 43 kDa polypeptide increased to 70%, whereas only 25% of the 47 kDa polypeptide was removed. These findings suggest (i) that the 33 and the 43 kDa polypeptides are neighbows in the photosynthetic membrane and (ii) that the 33 kDa polypeptide shields the 43 kDa polypeptide against the action of 18:3. Incubation of CaCl2 , or (urea + NaCI)-treated PSII particles in the presence or absence of 18:3 resulted in the loss of only 2 of the 4 Mn atoms present per reaction center. this indicates that the 2 Mn atoms more firmly associated with PSII are not affected by the removal of the extrinsic 16, 23 and 33 kDa polypeptides, and the intrinsic 43 kDa polypeptide. nor by the treatment with linolenic acid. 相似文献
7.
Replication variants of the inactive X chromosome were investigated in lymphocytes from six donors by means of terminal BrdU or thymidine incorporation. There were interindividual differences in the incidence of particular variants. In endoreduplicated and tetraploid cells both allocyclic X chromosomes showed the same replication sequence. The Xp22 band of the allocyclic X chromosome seemed to replicate later than the homologous material in some cells. Initiation time of DNA synthesis within the inactive X chromosome was found to be stable; termination time, however, varied greatly relative to the other chromosomes. Early completion of replication within the heterochromatic X chromosome could be demonstrated preferentially for the Xq25–27 terminal sequence, but other variants expressed the phenomenon also. A variable replication rate of the inactive X chromosome is believed to be responsible for its asynchronous, independent replication. The biological significance of the phenomenon is discussed with respect to cell differentiation. 相似文献
8.
Herbert M. Geller Vanya Qui;ones-Jenab Maciej Poltorak William J. Freed 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》1991,45(3):279-283
Immortalized cell lines can serve as model systems for studies of neuronal development and restoration of function in models of neurological disease. Cell lines which result from spontaneous or experimentally-induced tumors have been used for these purposes. More recently, the techniques of genetic engineering have resulted in the production of cell lines with specific desired characteristics. This has been accomplished by insertion of a desired gene into a pre-existing immortal cell or by immortalizing primary cells. The production of immortal cell lines using temperature-sensitive immortalizing genes offers an additional method of controlling gene expression, and thereby controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. In the nervous system, these techniques have produced immortal cell lines with neuronal and glial properties. 相似文献
9.
Natalia Mroczek-Sosnowska Monika Łukasiewicz Dobrochna Adamek Maciej Kamaszewski Jan Niemiec Agnieszka Wnuk-Gnich 《Archives of animal nutrition》2017,71(4):327-332
The objective of this study was to evaluate bone resistance after in ovo administration of copper nanoparticles (NanoCu) and to determine the number of cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the femoral bones of broiler chickens (n = 12 per group). The study demonstrated that femoral bones from the NanoCu group were characterised by a higher weight and volume and by significantly greater resistance to fractures compared to the Control group. NanoCu promoted the proliferation of PCNA-positive cells in the long bones of chickens. A significantly higher number of PCNA-positive cells in the bones of birds in the NanoCu group compared with the Control group (137 and 122, respectively) indicate a stimulatory effect during embryogenesis. Considering the improvement in bone resistance to fractures and the effect of NanoCu on the number of PCNA-positive cells in femoral bones, NanoCu may be an alternative agent to minimise the ever-present problem of weak bones in broiler chickens. 相似文献
10.
Transgenic potato plants overexpressing and repressing enzymes of flavonoids biosynthesis were created and analyzed. The selected plants clearly showed the expected changes in anthocyanins synthesis level. Overexpression of a DNA encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) in sense orientation resulted in an increase in tuber anthocyanins, a 4-fold increase in petunidin and pelargonidin derivatives. A significant decrease in anthocyanin level was observed when the plant was transformed with a corresponding antisense construct. The transformation of potato plants was also accompanied by significant changes in steroid alkaloid glycosides (SAG) level in transgenic potato tuber. The changes in SAGs content was not dependent on flavonoid composition in transgenic potato. However, in an extreme situation where the highest (DFR11) or the lowest (DFRa3) anthocyanin level was detected the positive correlation with steroid alkaloid content was clearly visible. It is suggested that the changes in SAGs content resulted from chromatin stressed upon transformation. A liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) system with electrospray ionization was applied for profiling qualitative and quantitative changes of steroid alkaloid glycosides in tubers of twelve lines of transgenic potato plants. Except alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, in the extracts from dried tuber skin alpha-solamargine and alpha-solasonine, triglycosides of solasonine, were identified in minor amounts, triglycosides of solanidine dehydrodimers were also recognized. 相似文献