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1.
Shanmugam Nagarajan 《The Journal of nutritional biochemistry》2010,21(4):255-260
Soy-based diets have been reported to protect against the development of atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for this protection remains unknown. Although atherosclerosis was traditionally considered a disease associated with impaired lipid metabolism, in recent years the inflammatory components of atherosclerosis have been explored. Recent studies have convincingly delineated that uncontrolled chronic inflammation is the principal contributing factor for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Interaction between activated monocytes and vascular endothelial cells is an early event in atherogenesis. The adhesion of leukocytes, including monocytes, to the inflamed-vascular endothelium and their transmigration into intima initiate the inflammatory processes. Following transmigration, monocytes in the intima are transformed to macrophages, which take up oxidized-LDL (oxLDL) to generate lipid-laden macrophages, also known as foam cells. Hence, in this review article the inflammatory processes associated with atherosclerosis and possible anti-inflammatory functions of soy-based diets contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis are presented. 相似文献
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Detailed flow patterns in the nasal cavity. 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
The human nasal cavity filters and conditions inspired air while providing olfactory function. Detailed experimental study of nasal airflow patterns has been limited because of the complex geometry of the nasal cavity. In this work, particle image velocimetry was used to determine two-dimensional instantaneous velocity vector fields in parallel planes throughout a model of the nasal cavity that was subjected to a nonoscillatory flow rate of 125 ml/s. The model, which was fabricated from 26 computed tomography scans by using rapid prototyping techniques, is a scaled replica of a human right nasal cavity. The resulting vector plots show that the flow is laminar and regions of highest velocity are in the nasal valve and in the inferior airway. The relatively low flow in the olfactory region appears to protect the olfactory bulb from particulate pollutants. Low flows were also observed in the nasal meatuses, whose primary function has been the subject of debate. Comparison of sequentially recorded data suggests a steady flow. 相似文献
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Divergence time estimates of mammals from molecular clocks and fossils: Relevance of new fossil finds from India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G. V. R. Prasad 《Journal of biosciences》2009,34(5):649-659
This paper presents a brief review of recent advances in the classification of mammals at higher levels using fossils and
molecular clocks. It also discusses latest fossil discoveries from the Cretaceous — Eocene (66–55 m.y.) rocks of India and
their relevance to our current understanding of placental mammal origins and diversifications. 相似文献
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Emily Olfson Catherine E. Cottrell Nicholas O. Davidson Christina A. Gurnett Jonathan W. Heusel Nathan O. Stitziel Li-Shiun Chen Sarah Hartz Rakesh Nagarajan Nancy L. Saccone Laura J. Bierut 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommends that clinical sequencing laboratories return secondary findings in 56 genes associated with medically actionable conditions. Our goal was to apply a systematic, stringent approach consistent with clinical standards to estimate the prevalence of pathogenic variants associated with such conditions using a diverse sequencing reference sample. Candidate variants in the 56 ACMG genes were selected from Phase 1 of the 1000 Genomes dataset, which contains sequencing information on 1,092 unrelated individuals from across the world. These variants were filtered using the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) Professional version and defined parameters, appraised through literature review, and examined by a clinical laboratory specialist and expert physician. Over 70,000 genetic variants were extracted from the 56 genes, and filtering identified 237 variants annotated as disease causing by HGMD Professional. Literature review and expert evaluation determined that 7 of these variants were pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Furthermore, 5 additional truncating variants not listed as disease causing in HGMD Professional were identified as likely pathogenic. These 12 secondary findings are associated with diseases that could inform medical follow-up, including cancer predisposition syndromes, cardiac conditions, and familial hypercholesterolemia. The majority of the identified medically actionable findings were in individuals from the European (5/379) and Americas (4/181) ancestry groups, with fewer findings in Asian (2/286) and African (1/246) ancestry groups. Our results suggest that medically relevant secondary findings can be identified in approximately 1% (12/1092) of individuals in a diverse reference sample. As clinical sequencing laboratories continue to implement the ACMG recommendations, our results highlight that at least a small number of potentially important secondary findings can be selected for return. Our results also confirm that understudied populations will not reap proportionate benefits of genomic medicine, highlighting the need for continued research efforts on genetic diseases in these populations. 相似文献
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M. Zamirul Hussain John C. Belton Rajendra S. Bhatnagar 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1978,14(9):740-745
Organ cultures of newborn rat lungs synthesize and accumulate DNA, RNA, collagen and noncollagenous proteins almost at a linear
rate for at least 5 days. During this period the synthesis of collagen consistently exceeds the synthesis of noncollagenous
proteins in a pattern similar to neonatal lung growth in vivo. Although some morphological characteristics of lung architecture
are distorted after culture, fundamental structural similarities to lungs growing in intact animals are retained. When these
cultures are maintained in atmospheres rich in oxygen, increased collagen synthesis is observed, a response similar to that
of lungs in intact animals exposed to high oxygen concentrations in vivo. Our studies suggest that lung organ cultures may
be a suitable system for investigating the biochemical aspects of lung tissue-environmental interaction.
These studies were supported in parts by NIH Grant HL-19668, a contract (68-03-2005) from the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and grants from the California Lung Association. 相似文献
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