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排序方式: 共有618条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
In vitro rooting of the apple rootstock M 26 in adult and juvenile growth phases and acclimatization of the plantlets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Margareta Welander 《Physiologia plantarum》1983,58(3):231-238
In order to obtain optimum conditions for in vitro propagation of the apple rootstock M 26 ( Malus pumila Mill.) in adult and juvenile growth phases, several rooting experiments were performed. Supraoptimal concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) added to the rooting media resulted in profuse callus formation. Since extensive callus production is detrimental to the survival of the plantlets, modified culture conditions were established to reduce callus formation. A reduction of the time of exposure to IBA to 5 days and, thereafter, transfer to a hormone-free medium did not eliminate callus production. Exposure to darkness during the root initiation phase increased rooting. When the rooting medium was based on the Lepoivre formula instead of the Murashige and Skoog formula, callus formation was reduced. Optimum conditions for rooting were obtained at much lower concentration than earlier reported, being 1.25 μM for the juvenile and 0.5 μM for the adult growth phase in the range of IBA concentrations tested. Anatomical studies revealed that root initials are formed after 5 days of IBA-treatment. Therefore, we transferred shoots directly to non-sterile conditions after the root-inducing phase. This resulted in a 90% survival of the plantlets. Subculture on hormone-free medium can thus be eliminated when the optimum auxin concentration is known. 相似文献
2.
3.
Murray B. Isman Peter Proksch Ludger Witte 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》1987,6(2):109-120
The extent of metabolism and excretion of three acetylchromenes (two toxic, one relatively nontoxic) were examined in adult migratory grasshoppers (Melanoplus sanguinipes) following topical administration. Both the total amount excreted (parent plus metabolites) and the proportion of parent compound in the excreta were inversely correlated with contact toxicity. Both toxic and nontoxic acetylchromenes are rapidly absorbed from the cuticle, with maximum excretion of parent and metabolite chromenes from 4 to 8 h posttreatment in each case. Much of the applied compounds (60–80%) apparently remains within the insect, and cannot be recovered by extraction of the insect. Metabolites formed result from simple oxidative and reductive transformations. For all of the compounds tested (including the allatocidin precocene II), the major mode of metabolism results from aliphatic hydroxylation of one of the geminal methyl groups on the chromene. No conjugated metabolites were found in the excreta. 相似文献
4.
Maria Anvret Margareta Blombäck Monika Lindstedt Elisabeth Söderlind Margareta Tapper-Persson Ann-Christine Thelander 《Human genetics》1992,89(2):147-154
Summary Twenty-five patients with von Willebrand's disease (vWD) type III were analysed with regard to blood coagulation variables and possible deletions. Nine of the probands and their families were further investigated with DNA linkage analyses. Different patterns of heredity can be suggested in our families with vWD type III, on the basis of blood coagulation analyses. The findings suggest homozygosity in five families and the possibility of compound heterozygosity or a new mutation in the proband in three families. The linkage analyses confirm the results of the coagulation analyses. The segregation of the von Willebrand factor (vWF) gene can be followed in the families, and carrier diagnosis can be made in several of the probands' relatives. The possibility of large deletions in the vWF gene of the probands and their parents was investigated with probes representing the whole vWF cDNA. No deletions were found.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Karolinska Hospital (No. 84:1) 相似文献
5.
Replication of bovine papillomavirus vectors in murine cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Margareta Waldenstrm Kerstin Schenstrm Kerstin Sollerbrant Lennart Hansson 《Gene》1992,120(2):175-181
6.
Shun Hirota Margareta Svensson-Ek Pia Ädelroth Nobuhito Sone Thomas Nilsson Bo G. Malmström Peter Brzezinski 《Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes》1996,28(6):495-501
The time course of absorbance changes following flash photolysis of the fully-reduced carboxycytochrome oxidase fromBacillus PS3 in the presence of O2 has been followed at 445, 550, 605, and 830 nm, and the results have been compared with the corresponding changes in bovine cytochrome oxidase. The PS3 enzyme has a covalently bound cytochromec subunit and the fully-reduced species therefore accommodates five electrons instead of four as in the bovine enzyme. In the bovine enzyme, following CO dissociation, four phases were observed with time constants of about 10 s, 30 s, 100 s, and 1 ms at 445 nm. The initial, 10-s absorbance change at 445 nm is similar in the two enzymes. The subsequent phases involving hemea and CuA are not seen in the PS3 enzyme at 445 nm, because these redox centers are re-reduced by the covalently bound cytochromec, as indicated by absorbance changes at 550 nm. A reaction scheme consistent with the experimental observations is presented. In addition, internal electron-transfer reactions in the absence of O2 were studied following flash-induced CO dissociation from the mixed-valence enzyme. Comparisons of the CO recombination rates in the mixed-valence and fully-reduced oxidases indicate that more electrons were transferred from hemea
3 toa in PS3 oxidase compared to the bovine enzyme. 相似文献
7.
Margareta Lirvall Pia Ljungqvist-Höddelius Åke Wasteson Karl-Eric Magnùsson 《Bioscience reports》1996,16(3):227-238
Growth factor receptors transmit biological signals for the stimulation of cell growth in vitro and in vivo and their autocrine stimulation may be involved in tumorigenesis. It is therefore, of great value to understand receptor reactions in response to ultraviolet (UV) light which certain normal human cells are invaribly exposed to during their growth cycle. UV irradiation has recently been shown to deplete antioxidant enzymes in human skin. The aims of the present study were a) to compare the lateral mobility of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) in cultured human keratinocytes and human foreskin fibroblasts, b) to investigate effects of ultraviolet B radiation on the mobility of EGF-R in these cells, and c) study the response of EGF-R on addition of antioxidant enzymes. The epidermal growth factor receptors were labeled with rhodaminated EGF, the lateral diffusion was determined and the fraction of mobile EGF-R assessed with the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). We found that human keratinocytes display a higher basal level of EGF-R mobility than human skin fibroblasts, viz. with diffusion coefficients (D ± standard error of the mean, SEM) of 4.2±0.2 × 10–10 cm2/s, and 1.8±0.2 × 10–10 cm2/s, respectively. UVB-irradiated fibroblasts showed an almost four-fold increase in the diffusion coefficient; D was 6.3±0.3 × 10–10 cm2/s. The keratinocytes, however, displayed no significant increase in receptor diffusion after irradiation; D was 5.1±0.8 × 10–10 cm2/s. In both cell types the percentage of EGF-R fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, i.e. the fraction of mobile receptors, was significantly increased after irradiation. In keratinocytes it increased from 69% before irradiation to 78% after irradiation. Analogous figures for fibroblasts were 61% and 73%. The effect of UVB on fibroblast receptors was abolished by prior addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It is concluded that UVB radiation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes can affect their biophysical properties of EGF-R. The finding that addition of antioxidant enzymes prevented the UVB effect in fibroblasts may indicate the involvement of reactive oxygen metabolites.Abbreviations CAT
Catalase
- D
Lateral diffusion coefficient
- EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EGF
Epidermal growth factor
- E-MEM
Eagle's minimum essential medium
- FCS
Fetal calf serum
- FRAP
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
- KRG
Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer
- PBS
Phosphate-buffered saline
- R
Mobile fraction
- ROS
Reactive oxygen species
- SEM
Standard error of the mean
- SOD
Superoxide dismutase
- UVA
Ultraviolet light-A (315-400 nm)
- UVB
Ultraviolet light-B (280-315 nm) 相似文献
8.
Summary Isolated cod brain microtubules from the cold-adapted Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) have previously been shown to be highly detyrosinated, a post-translational modification of tubulin usually found in stable
subsets of microtubules. In this study we found this was not restricted only to isolated brain microtubules. Microtubules
in primary cultures of brain and skin cells were composed of both tyrosinated (Tyr)- and detyrosinated (Glu)-tubulin seen
by immunocytochemistry. Immunoelectron microscopy of isolated microtubules showed that individual microtubules were composed
of a mixture of Tyr- and Glu-tubulin. Leukocytes with extending lamellopodia contained only microtubules stained with the
antibody against Tyr-tubulin, and isolated heart tubulin lacked both Tyr- and Glu-tubulin, suggesting that a relative high
level of detyrosination is a characteristic of most, but not all, cod microtubules. Brain cell microtubules were more resistant
to mitotic inhibitors than skin cell microtubules, but this was not correlated to a difference in detyrosination. Brain and
skin cell microtubules were only partially disassembled when incubated at 0°C. Upon reassembly of microtubules at 12°C, microtubules
were still made of mixtures of Tyr- and Glu-tubulin, indicating that detyrosination of assembled microtubules is rapid and/or
that in cod cells, in contrast to mammalian cells, Glu-tubulin can reassemble to microtubules. Our data show that most cod
microtubules are highly detyrosinated, but this is not the cause of their cold adaptation or drug stability. 相似文献
9.
Béla Böddi Birgitta McEwen Margareta Ryberg Christer Sundqvist 《Physiologia plantarum》1994,92(1):160-170
Low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra of 6.5-day-old dark-grown epicotyls of pea ( Pisum sativum ) revealed the presence of protochlorophyll(ide). The upper part of the epicotyl contained 30% of the protochlorophyll(ide) content per fresh weight found in pea leaves, whereas the lower part contained 3%. Three discrete spectral forms of protochlorophyll(ide) were clearly distinguished after Gaussian deconvolution of fluorescence excitation and emission spectra. Adding the satellite bands of the Qy(0-0) transitions (the emission vibrational (Emv) bands with correlated amplitudes, gave the following delineation: Ex439–Em629–Emv684, Ex447–Em636–Emv700 and Ex456–Em650–Emv728. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by immunodetection of whole tissue extracts of the epicotyl indicated the presence of NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (EC 1.3.1.33). Electron micrographs showed prolamellar bodies in at most 11 % of the plastid profiles of the epicotyl cells. These prolamellar bodies were smaller, and many of them showed less regular structure than those of the leaves. Taken together, the results indicate that the protochlorophyll(ide) in epicotyls is arranged in a different way than in leaves. 相似文献
10.
B. Proksch J. Blanz K. -P. Zeller G. Ehninger 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1994,658(2)
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method using ion-pairing chromatography on reversed-phase C18 material with a mobile phase of acetonitrile—water (19:81, v/v) containing 5 mM 1-pentanesulfonic acid was developed for the detection and separation of the anthrapyrazole CI-941 (I) and its metabolites. After sample clean-up with solid-phase extraction, I and its metabolites were measurable at a wavelength of 491 nm. A detection limit of 5 ng/ml was achievable for I. The dicarboxylic acid derivative and the isomers of the monocarboxylic acid derivative could be separated. Application of the method to a human pharmacokinetic study showed two and four metabolites of I in serum and urine respectively. 相似文献