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1.
2.
S Papa S Capitani A Matteucci M Vitale P Santi A M Martelli N M Maraldi F A Manzoli 《Cytometry》1987,8(6):595-601
The development of hepatocyte polyploidy in rats aged up to 4 months was analyzed by flow cytometry using both scatter and fluorescent parameters to distinguish DNA diploid and DNA tetraploid populations and to discriminate between parenchymal and non-parenchymal compartments. The precise origin of each class of nuclei was assessed in whole liver homogenate using purified hepatocytes, obtained by liver perfusion followed by separation on Percoll gradient, and identifying the peaks corresponding to parenchymal nuclei. The results indicate that preparative procedures involving homogenization of the rat liver tissue caused loss of the DNA octaploid population. Data on the relative proportion of the different DNA ploidy elements during rat liver development, which are in good agreement with those observed by cell analysis by means of microspectrophotometry, indicate the usefulness of flow cytometry as a choice method for the analysis of ploidy distribution. 相似文献
3.
Monica Rodolfo Carolina Salvi Cinzia Bassi Giorgio Parmiani 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1990,31(1):28-36
Summary We have used a BALB/c colonic adenocarcinoma (C-26) to evaluate the therapeutic potential of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) at high and low dosages in combination with or without lymphokine-activated killers (LAK) or tumor-specific, immune lymphocytes in either an adjuvant spontaneous or an artificial metastasis system. Most (80%) of the mice that underwent s.c. C-26 tumor excision were shown to die of spontaneous metastasis with lung involvement by 1–4 months after excision. Postsurgical systemic treatment with low-dose rIL-2 (3 × 104 U/day, i.p.) increased the survival rate to 31% as compared to 21% (not significant) in excised controls while administration of high-dose rIL-2 (8 × 104 U/day) led to 53% survival (P <0.01). Both LAK cells and C-26-tumor-immune lymphocytes given during rIL-2 treatment significantly increased the effects of rIL-2 at the low but not at the high-dose, with tumor-immune effectors resulting in the highest percentage (63%) of cures. When mice bearing 3-day artificial lung metastases of C-26 cells were treated with low- or high-dose rIL-2, in combination with or without LAK or tumor-immune lymphocytes, a highly significant reduction or abrogation of the number of lung foci was observed with all treatments, including those involving or tumor-immune lymphocytes alone. Assessment of survival benefit in these mice, however, showed survival prolongation, with 20% cures achieved by low-dose rIL-2 alone and up to 65% cures by LAK in combination with low-dose rIL-2. In this system of artificial metastasis high-dose rIL-2 alone increased the survival time but failed to cure the animals, and the addition of LAK was ineffective whereas that of tumor-immune lymphocytes led to 80% cure. These results suggest that tumorimmune lymphocytes are more effective than LAK when combined with rIL-2 and that caution is necessary in extrapolating findings obtained in artificial metastasis models. 相似文献
4.
Lithium Stimulation of Membrane-Bound Phospholipase C from PC 12 Cells Exposed to Nerve Growth Factor 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
LiCl stimulated the formation of inositol monophosphate in PC12 cells that had been exposed to nerve growth factor (NGF) for 4-5 days. Half-maximal accumulation was observed at approximately 8 mM LiCl. Stimulation of formation of inositol bisphosphate plus inositol trisphosphate was half-maximal at approximately 1 mM LiCl. With membranes isolated from PC12 cells differentiated with NGF, the hydrolysis of added phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) was stimulated by LiCl in a biphasic manner, with the first stimulation half-maximal at approximately 0.7 mM and the second half-maximal at approximately 15 mM LiCl. The apparent Km for PIP2 was lowered in the presence of 1.1 mM LiCl from approximately 200 to approximately 70 microM. Membranes from cells grown in the absence of NGF did not respond to LiCl. Although observations with intact cells are difficult to interpret without ambiguity, the results obtained with isolated membranes support our interpretation of the stimulatory action of lithium in the intact PC12 cells. 相似文献
5.
Stimulation of Inositol Incorporation into Lipids of PC 12 Cells by Nerve Growth Factor and Bradykinin 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2
The effects of bradykinin (BK) and lithium on the phosphatidylinositol cycle were examined in PC12 cells cultured for 20 h in the presence [PC12(+)] or in the absence [PC12(-)] of nerve growth factor (NGF). BK (1 microM) induced a small stimulation of the incorporation of myo-[2-3H]inositol into the lipids of PC12(-) cells and a three- to fourfold stimulation of such incorporation into the lipids of PC12 (+) cells. About 15 h of incubation with NGF and greater than 10 min of incubation with BK were needed for maximal stimulation of inositol incorporation by BK. In the presence of 25 mM LiCl, BK stimulated the inositol monophosphate levels nine-fold in PC12 (-) and 30-fold in PC12 (+) cells. After incubation for 20 h with NGF, an increased binding of [3H]BK to the PC12 (+) cells was observed at 4 degrees C. Exposure of the cells for 30 min to 25 mM LiCl enhanced the effect of BK on the inositol incorporation into total inositol lipids, especially in PC12(+) cells. In these cells, LiCl in the presence of BK also increased several-fold the intracellular levels of inositol bisphosphate and inositol trisphosphate. 相似文献
6.
Daniela Larizza Miryam Martinetti Cinzia Pizzochero Mariaclara Cuccia Francesca Severi 《Human genetics》1992,88(4):383-387
Summary Growth failure starting before birth is a common characteristic in Turner syndrome, and its pathogenesis is still not completely explained. Experiments performed in mice and rats to test whether a genetic disparity between mothers and offspring and maternal immunological status have any influence on litter size have demonstrated that allogenic litters are significantly larger in size than genetically compatible ones. Studies in humans have given contrasting results, but some authors have found that heterozygosity at enzyme loci and in blood groups is positively correlated with intrauterine growth. HLA class I and II polymorphisms were defined in 53 patients with Turner syndrome and in their parents, and lymphocytotoxic antibody detection was performed in 36 mothers. These data were related to the patients' birth weight. The frequency of the HLA-B16 allele in patients with a birth weight > 10th centile was significantly higher in comparison with those < 10th centile. HLA antigen sharing was present in 43 couples (81.1%). Mean birth weight was 2934 ± 472 g in patients without HLA antigen parental sharing and 2721 ± 529 g in those whose parents shared HLA antigens. The mean birth weight of the 10 patients whose parents do not share HLA antigens was significantly higher than that of the patients with parental HLA–B+DR sharing (P < 0.05) and not significantly higher than in those patients with parental HLA sharing at other HLA loci. Patients whose parents shared B+DR antigens also had significantly smaller birth weights than those with B and A+B+DR sharing (P < 0.025 and P < 0.025). No significant difference in mean birth weight was found in relation to other parameters, such as mother-child histocompatibility, HLA homozygosity and lymphocytotoxic production in the mothers. 相似文献
7.
N M Maraldi F Marinelli A Galanzi N Zini A Ognibene R Del Coco A Matteucci S Papa 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》1986,56(1):31-39
The morphology of intact or membrane-deprived interphase nuclei has been analysed by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. This method appears particularly useful for providing information on the distribution and organisation of chromatin and ribonucleoproteins in the absence of dehydration and embedding artifacts of conventional electron microscope techniques which, among other effects, appear to affect heterochromatin distribution, inducing its aggregation along the nuclear envelope. The main levels of chromatin superstructure, from nucleosome to solenoid fibres, are detectable in the replicas of freeze-fractured nuclei on the basis of the size of their shadow, a parameter particularly suitable for automated image analyses. 相似文献
8.
Nicoletta zini Patrizia Sabatelli Irene Faenza Andrea Ognibene Nadir M. Maraldi 《The Histochemical journal》1996,28(7):495-504
Summary Some key elements of signal transduction have been identified within the nucleus and demonstrated to be responsive to specific
agonists in numerous cell types. In particular, mitogenic stimuli have been reported to induce, a transient increase of the
nuclear phospholipase C β1 activity, causing the release of inositide-derived second messengers, whereas differentiating stimuli induced a decrease
of the enzyme activity and an increase of nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). Recently, we reported evidence, in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell lines, on the presence of specific nuclear phospholipase
C isoforms and on the activation of phospholipase C β1 in the nucleus following the exposure to interleukin-1α. In this study we report immunocytochemical ultrastructural evidence on quantitative variations of PIP2 and phospholipase C β1 amounts in the nucleus of Saos-2 cells at different times of exposure to interleukin-1α. After short periods of culture in the presence of the agonist, the intranuclear amount of PIP2 is decreased, while a translocation of phospholipase C β1 occurs from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, in correspondence with the increased hydrolyzing activity of the enzyme. After
longer periods of incubation with interleukin-1α, on the other hand, the intranuclear amount of PIP2 is restored to initial level, while the amount of phospholipase C β1 is increased both at the nuclear and cytoplasmic level, when its activation is no longer effective. The results, compared
with those obtained in other cell types responsive to given agonists, account for a cell-specific modulation of signal transduction
based on polyphosphoinositide breakdown at the nuclear level. 相似文献
9.
Spartaco Santi Silvia Rubbini Caterina Cinti Stefano Squarzoni Alessandro Matteucci Elisabetta Caramelli Lia Guidotti Nadir M. Maraldi 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》1994,81(1):47-57
Summary— In the sperm nuclei the DNA is packaged into a highly condensed form and is not organized into nucleosome and solenoid but is bound and stabilized mainly by the protamines that arrange the DNA in an almost crystalline state. As demonstrated for somatic cells, the sperm DNA has been reported to be organized in loop domains attached to the nuclear matrix structures. However, the possible role of the sperm head matrix in maintaining the loop organization in absence of a typical nucleosomal structures has not been fully elucidated. By using in situ nick translation at confocal and electron microscope level, we analyzed the organization of the DNAprotamine complex and its association with the sperm nuclear matrix. The data obtained indicate that the chromatin organization in sperm nuclei is maintained during the sperm condensation by means of interactions with the nuclear matrix at fixed sites. The fine stucture of sperm nucleus and of sperm nuclear matrix, investigated on sections and replicas of freeze-fractured specimens, suggests that the lamellar array, observed by freeze-fracturing in the sperm nuclei, could depend on the inner matrix which presents a regular organization of globular structures possibly involved in the maintenance of chromatin domains in highly condensed sperm nuclei also. 相似文献
10.
The microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH)-catalyzed hydrolysis of cis-4,4′–dimethylstilbene oxide ( 1a ), cis-4,4′-diethylstilbene oxide ( 1b ), cis-4,4′-diisopropylstilbene oxide ( 1c ), and cis-4,4′-dichlorostilbene oxide ( 1d ) have been investigated using rabbit liver microsomal preparations. The kinetic parameters, Km and Vmax, and the absolute stereochemistry of the reactions have been determined and compared with those of cis-stilbene oxide ( 1e ). All epoxides 1a – d are hydrolyzed by mEH with high product enantioselectivity to give (R,R)-(+)-diols with ee ≥ 90%. The presence of the substituents on the phenyl rings markedly reduces the rates of mEH catalyzed hydrolysis with respect to cis-stilbene oxide, by increasing Km and reducing Vmax in the cases of 1a , 1b , and 1d , or reducing only the Vmax in the case of 1c . The very low Vmax, together with a persistent ability to fit into the mEH active site, make all these epoxides, and particularly 1c , inhibitors of cis-stilbene oxide hydrolysis. The kinetic and stereochemical results are interpreted on the basis of the proposed topology of the mEH active site. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献