Iron,zinc, and copper content in the tissues of the rat during pregnancy

The levels of iron, zinc, and copper in the tissues of the pregnant rat, on d 12, 19, and 21 after impregnation have been determined and compared with controls. Iron levels decreased considerably in late pregnancy as a result of increased fetal requirements, thus diminishing iron stores in rat tissues, but maintaining the circulating plasma levels. Copper levels increased slightly at midpregnancy, but returned to control levels at the end of gestation. Zinc stores also increased slightly during early pregnancy, yet were decreased at the end of pregnancy, but to a lesser extent than those of iron. The data are explained on the basis of equilibrium between assimilation and fetal needs for copper, a slightly higher demand for zinc with altered equilibrium, and a much altered equilibrium for iron that provokes a dwindling of iron maternal reserves that is not compensated by dietary iron.     

Division of temperature-sensitive Streptococcus faecium mutants after return to the permissive temperature

The regrowth of 27 temperature-sensitive division mutants of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790 was examined after various periods of incubation at the nonpermissive temperature. Several of the mutants blocked at various stages of septum formation or of daughter-cell separation divided in a partially or completely synchronous way after a short incubation at the nonpermissive temperature. All four lytic mutants blocked early in the cell division cycle divided at a normal rate after a brief lag.     

Effect of prior ingestion of glucose or fructose on the performance of exercise of intermediate duration

The metabolic responses induced by the ingestion of a beverage containing glucose (G), fructose (F) or placebo (W) 30 min before exercise of high intensity and intermediate duration have been investigated; in these conditions the energy processes are mostly dependent on aerobic reactions. A group of 11 male recreational sportsmen ran on a treadmill, at an intensity corresponding to 82% of peak oxygen consumption, until exhaustion on three different occasions (after ingestion of a beverage containing 75 g of G, 75 g of F or W). Plasma glucose, insulin, and lactic acid concentrations were determined just prior to the ingestion of the beverages, 30 min afterwards and 10 and 30 min after completion of the exercise. The mean endurance time was 644 (SD 261) s after the ingestion of G, 611 (SD 227) s after the ingestion of F and 584 (SD 189) s after the ingestion of the W (P < 0.05 between G and W). No differences in the oxygen uptake, respiratory quotient or lactate concentrations between the three trials were observed. Both plasma glucose and insulin concentrations determined in samples obtained immediately before the onset of exercise were higher when G was ingested than when F (P < 0.05 andP < 0.05, respectively) or W (P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) were ingested. These findings would suggest that the ingestion of G prior to an effort of intermediate duration may improve physical performance.     

MT2A对脂多糖介导的人肺毛细血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:探索不同浓度的金属硫蛋2A(Metallothionein 2A, MT2A)对脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharid, LPS)介导的人肺微血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用。方法:培养人肺毛细血管内皮细胞株(Human lung microvascular endothelial cells, HPMVECs),经过一定浓度LPS溶液进行刺激后,利用不同浓度的MT2A与对照组共同培养,一段时间后观察炎性介质IL-6、TNF-α释放的量及荧光显微镜观察组HPMVECs骨架形态变化。结果:各组TNF-α浓度均在0 h最低,随之逐渐升高,到6 h达到高峰;从各时间点来看,除0 h各组TNF-α浓度无显著差异外(F=0.717, P=0.549),其余各时间点B1、B2、B3均显著高于A组(均P0.05)。各组中IL-6浓度均在0 h最低,A组在2 h达到高峰,随后逐渐下降;B1组在4 h达到高峰,随之下降;B2、B3组从0 h开始逐渐升高,到6 h达到峰值;从各时间点来看,除0 h各处理因素无显著差异外(F=2.341, P=0.092),其余各时间点B1、B2、B3均低于A组(均P0.05)。A组6 h小时后纤维状肌动蛋白(F-actin)明显解聚,分布明显减少,应力纤维排列紊乱或者消失;B1组、B2组、B3组6 h小时后,与A组相比,F-actin的分布明显较多,应力纤维排列较为整齐。结论:LPS刺激人肺毛细血管内皮细胞有明显损伤效应,加入MT2A后细胞相关炎性因子释放量、细胞骨架损伤情况明显减轻,表明一定浓度的MT2A对LPS介导的肺毛细血管损伤有明显保护作用。     

Realization of Graphene-Based Tunable Plasmon-Induced Transparency by the Dipole-Dipole Coupling

A numerical and theoretical study is presented on the realization of tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) phenomenon in the three-dimensional patterned graphene nanostrips. The simulation results reveal that the PIT effect is generated due to the excitation of dark mode which can be considered a dipole. The three-level plasmonic system is employed to explain the physical mechanism of the PIT effect. Different from previous reported form (dipole-quadrupole coupling), the proposed is attributed to the dipole-dipole coupling. The PIT effect can be tuned by changing the coupling length between bright and dark mode as well as the Fermi energy of graphene. Our studies provide guidance for fabricating ultra-compact devices in practical application.     

高产莫纳可林K低产桔霉素红曲霉菌株的筛选和发酵条件初步优化

采集全国各地红曲霉制品中的红曲霉资源,经分离获278株红曲霉菌株。高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定各菌株发酵液中莫纳可林K(Monacolin K)和桔霉素含量,筛选获1株Monacolin K产量较高、桔霉素含量较低的红曲霉菌株编号为M-22。依据形态特征和ITS基因序列,参照红曲霉属分类检索表,鉴定M-22菌株为紫色红曲霉(Monascus purpureus)。通过摇瓶发酵对温度、初始pH、碳源、氮源、碳氮比(C/N)等因素进行优化,确定M-22菌株摇瓶发酵产Monacolin K适宜条件为发酵温度26℃、初始pH 5.0、转速160 r/min,甘油为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源、碳氮比(C/N)为5:1,Monacolin K产量显著提高,最高为107.16 mg/L。以优化的发酵条件对M-22菌株进行5 L发酵罐发酵,发酵液中Monacolin K产量最高为189.83 mg/L,桔霉素含量32.53μg/L,红曲色素色价为16.38 U/m L。     

胸腔镜食管癌切除术后肺部感染患者肺功能和炎症因子水平的关系研究

目的:研究胸腔镜食管癌切除术后肺部感染患者肺功能和炎症因子水平的关系。方法:选取2015年3月～2018年7月我院收治的食管癌患者120例为研究对象,将其以随机数字表法分成对照组和观察组。对照组予以传统开胸手术治疗,观察组则予以胸腔镜食管切除术治疗。分别比较两组术后肺部感染发生情况、手术前后肺功能以及炎症因子水平变化情况,并分析胸腔镜食管癌切除术后肺部感染患者肺功能与炎症因子的关系。结果:观察组患者术后肺部感染发生率为13.33%(8/60),低于对照组的36.67%(22/60),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后观察组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。术后1 d、术后5 d观察组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)以及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析可得:胸腔镜食管癌切除术后肺部感染患者FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC与IL-6、IL-10、CRP均呈负相关性(均P0.05)。结论:胸腔镜食管癌切除术可显著降低患者肺部感染发生风险,且术后肺部感染患者肺功能与炎症反应存在密切相关,降低术后肺部感染发生率的机制可能与减轻机体炎症反应有关。     

小檗碱通过抑制经典的NLRP3炎症小体活化通路来下调LPS诱导的HUVEC炎症反应*

目的:探讨小檗碱(Berberine, Ber)对脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide, LPS)诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(Human Umbilical VeinEndothelial Cells, HUVEC)炎症反应的抑制作用及相关机制。方法:MTT法检测不同浓度的Ber对HUVEC存活率的影响。以0.05μg/mL LPS刺激HUVEC建立炎症反应模型,并分别给予1.25、2.5、5μM Ber干预,Elisa检测Ber对炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β分泌的影响,免疫印迹法检测Ber对NLRP3炎症小体信号通路中NLRP3、My D88、IL-1β、TLR4、ASC和Caspase-1蛋白表达的影响。结果:不同浓度的Ber对HUVEC增殖均具有抑制作用,且基本呈现浓度梯度,IC50值接近5μM;与LPS组相比,不同浓度Ber(1.25、2.5、5μM)均可以显著下调HUVEC中TNF-α、IL-1β炎症因子的分泌(P0.005及P0.01),并可以显著抑制细胞中NLRP3、My D88、IL-1β、TLR4、ASC和Caspase-1蛋白的表达(P0.05),其抑制作用基本呈剂量关系,以5μM Ber的抑制效果最佳。结论:Ber可以通过抑制经典的NLRP3炎症小体活化通路来下调LPS诱导的HUVEC炎症反应。