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1.
Some cdt genes are located within the genome of inducible or cryptic bacteriophages, but there is little information about the mechanisms of cdt transfer because of the reduced number of inducible Cdt phages described. In this study, a new self-inducible Myoviridae Cdt phage (ΦAA91) was isolated from a nonclinical O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strain and was used to lysogenize a cdt-negative strain of Shigella sonnei. We found that the phage induced from S. sonnei (ΦAA91-ss) was not identical to the original phage. ΦAA91-ss was used to infect a collection of 57 bacterial strains, was infectious in 59.6% of the strains, and was able to lysogenize 22.8% of them. The complete sequence of ΦAA91-ss showed a 33,628-bp genome with characteristics of a P2-like phage with the cdt operon located near the cosR site. We found an IS21 element composed of two open reading frames inserted within the cox gene of the phage, causing gene truncation. Truncation of cox does not affect lytic induction but could contribute to phage recombination and generation of lysogens. The IS21 element was not present in the ΦAA91 phage from E. coli, but it was incorporated into the phage genome after its transduction in Shigella. This study shows empirically the evolution of temperate bacteriophages carrying virulence genes after infecting a new host and the generation of a phage population with better lysogenic abilities that would ultimately lead to the emergence of new pathogenic strains. 相似文献
2.
Muthu Manikandan Vijayaraghavan Kannan Ordetta Hannah Mendoza Mahalingam Kanimozhi Lejla Pašić 《International journal of phytoremediation》2016,18(1):77-86
Toxicity of chromium often impairs the remediation capacity of plants used in phytoremediation of polluted soils. In this study, we have identified Albizia lebbeck as a prospective chromium hyperaccumulator and examined cultivable diversity of endophytes present in chromium-treated and control saplings. High numbers (22–100%) of endophytic bacteria, isolated from root, stem, and leaf tissues, could tolerate elevated (1–3 mM) concentrations of K2CrO7. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the 118 isolates obtained comprised of 17 operational taxonomic units affiliated with the proteobacterial genera Rhizobium (18%), Marinomonas (1%), Pseudomonas (16%), and Xanthomonas (7%) but also with members of Firmicutes genera, such as Bacillus (35%) and Salinococcus (3%). The novel isolates belonging to Salinococcus and Bacillus could tolerate high K2CrO7 concentrations (3 mM) and also showed elevated activity of chromate reductase. In addition, majority (%) of the endophytic isolates also showed production of indole-3-acetic acid. Taken together, our results indicate that the innate endophytic bacterial community assists plants in reducing heavy metal toxicity. 相似文献
3.
Haloarchaeal diversity in the crystallizers of Adriatic Secovlje salterns was investigated using gene fragments encoding 16S rRNA and bacteriorhodopsin as molecular markers. Screening of 180 clones from five gene libraries constructed for each gene targeted revealed 15 different 16S rRNA and 10 different bacteriorhodopsin phylotypes, indicating higher haloarchaeal diversity than previously reported in such hypersaline environments. Furthermore, results of rarefaction analysis indicated that analysis of an increasing number of clones would have revealed additional diversity. Finally, most sequences from the crystallizers grouped within the Halorubrum branch, whereas square-shaped 'Haloquadratum' relatives, repeatedly reported to dominate crystallizer communities, were rare. Presence of such special and diverse haloarchaeal community could be attributed to the Secovlje salterns rare continuous short-cycling salt production mechanism. 相似文献
4.
Lejla Voloder 《The Australian journal of anthropology》2008,19(1):27-40
Anthropologists working at ‘home’ or in realms of the familiar often share a considerable sense of connection with participants. In these contexts, the researcher's potential position as an ‘insider’ offers particular opportunities for utilising self as a key resource. Through my own fieldwork at ‘home’ in Melbourne as an ‘insider’ among Bosnian migrants, I was confronted with the challenge of using my self to understand others' experiences. In this paper I discuss the autoethnographic process and consider how its application enabled me to consciously understand my own experiences and utilise my experiential self to inform my study. 相似文献
5.
Frequent genes in rare diseases: panel‐based next generation sequencing to disclose causal mutations in hereditary neuropathies
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Maike F. Dohrn Nicola Glöckle Lejla Mulahasanovic Corina Heller Julia Mohr Christine Bauer Erik Riesch Andrea Becker Florian Battke Konstanze Hörtnagel Thorsten Hornemann Saranya Suriyanarayanan Markus Blankenburg Jörg B. Schulz Kristl G. Claeys Burkhard Gess Istvan Katona Andreas Ferbert Debora Vittore Alexander Grimm Stefan Wolking Ludger Schöls Holger Lerche G. Christoph Korenke Dirk Fischer Bertold Schrank Urania Kotzaeridou Gerhard Kurlemann Bianca Dräger Anja Schirmacher Peter Young Beate Schlotter‐Weigel Saskia Biskup 《Journal of neurochemistry》2017,143(5):507-522
6.
N. Pojskic A. Ahmic Kapur Leejla J. Hadzihalilovic R. Hadziselimovic 《Human Evolution》2005,20(2-3):137-147
Ten qualitative traits were observed in two isolated human populations in Bosnia for prewar and postwar periods. Due to recent
war in Bosnia and Herzegovina two million citizens was forced to migrate. Dramatic migration effects occurred in the investigated
populations. Population characteristics found were geographic isolation, high levels of marital distance “zero”, patrilocality
and propagation isolation. Relative recessive allele frequencies of ten qualitative traits were calculated. Average heterozigosity,
genetic differentiation, total heterozigosity, within populations heterozigosity, genetic distance and relative measures based
on results of genetic distance analysis were observed. The total number of observed individuals was 1875. We have observed
1209 individuals in prewar period (Bijela population 731 and Memici population 478) and 666 individuals in the postwar period
(Bijela population 248 and Memici population 478). Results ofFst andGst analysis showed changed degree of genetic differentiation across observed loci. Significant changes in differentiation were
recorded for crooked little finger and PTC tasting. Modest changes of gene differentiation were recorded for ear lobe type
and thumb proximal extensibility. Genetic distance analisis between Bijela and Memici has lower value after then before the
war, but genetic distance between Bijela-prewar and Bijela-postwar has higher value, as well as Memici-prewar and Memici-postwar
genetic distance. Genetic distance between Bijela-prewar and Memiciprewar, as well as Bijela-postwar and Memici-postwar showed
similarity. Constructed dendrogram based on results of genetic distance analyses indicated two clusters groups (1. Bijela-prewar,
Memici-prewar; 2. Bijela-postwar, Memici-postwar). Changed genetic differentiation and results of genetic distance analyses
indicated possibility of significant impact of forced migration in genetic structure of observed populations. 相似文献
7.
Eisinger-Mathason TS Andrade J Groehler AL Clark DE Muratore-Schroeder TL Pasic L Smith JA Shabanowitz J Hunt DF Macara IG Lannigan DA 《Molecular cell》2008,31(5):722-736
Stress granules aid cell survival in response to environmental stressors by acting as sites of translational repression. We report an unanticipated link between stress granules and the serine/threonine kinase RSK2. In stressed breast cells, endogenous RSK2 colocalizes in granules with TIA-1 and poly(A)-binding protein 1, and the sequestration of RSK2 and TIA-1 exhibits codependency. The RSK2 N-terminal kinase domain controls the direct interaction with the prion-related domain of TIA-1. Silencing RSK2 decreases cell survival in response to stress. Mitogen releases RSK2 from the stress granules and permits its nuclear import via a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling sequence in the C-terminal domain. Nuclear accumulation is dependent on TIA-1. Surprisingly, nuclear localization of RSK2 is sufficient to enhance proliferation through induction of cyclin D1, in the absence of other active signaling pathways. Hence, RSK2 is a pivotal factor linking the stress response to survival and proliferation. 相似文献
8.
Muthu Manikandan Lejla Pašić Vijayaraghavan Kannan 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(12):2247-2256
An extremely halophilic archaeon Haloferax lucentensis VKMM 007, isolated from a solar saltern, was found to produce a protease. This extracellular enzyme consisted of a single
polypeptide chain of 57.8 kDa as determined by SDS–PAGE and was purified by a combination of ultrafiltration, bacitracin–Sepharose
affinity chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The purified protein was stable in a wide range of temperatures
(20–70°C), NaCl concentrations (0.85–5.13 M) and pH (5.0–9.0) with maximal activity observed at 60°C, 4.3 M NaCl and pH 8.0.
Proteolytic activity was enhanced by Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, and Fe2+ ions and the protein was classified as a trypsin-like serine protease. Further assays indicated highest degree of specificity
when hemoglobin was used as an enzyme substrate. Most importantly, the proteolytic activity remained stable or only marginally
inhibited in the presence of various polar and non-polar solvents, surfactants and reducing agents thus emphasizing the biotechnological
potential of this novel halophilic protease. 相似文献
9.
Chris Dockendorff Shujuan Jin Madeline Olsen Mark Lautens Martin Coupal Lejla Hodzic Nathan Spear Kemal Payza Christopher Walpole Mirosław J. Tomaszewski 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(4):1228-1232
A series of 1-aminotetralin scaffolds was synthesized via metal-catalyzed ring-opening reactions of heterobicyclic alkenes. Small libraries of amides and amines were made using the amino group of each scaffold as a handle. Screening of these libraries against human opioid receptors led to the identification of (S)–(S)-5.2a as a high-affinity selective μ ligand (IC50 μ = 5 nM, κ = 707 nM, δ = 3,795 nM) displaying μ-agonist/antagonist properties due to its partial agonism (EC50 = 2.6 μM; Emax = 18%). 相似文献
10.
The value of culturedness: Bosnian and Hungarian migrants' experiences of belonging in Australia
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In this paper we investigate how the values of respect and dignity inform the ways migrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Hungary in Australia locate themselves in relation to local, national and transnational identities. Drawing upon ethnographic insights, we discuss how the concept of culturedness is implicated in these migrant claims for dignified belonging. Determinants of culturedness are informed by influential narratives of ‘East versus West’, ‘Balkan versus Europe’, the ‘New World (Australia) versus the Old World’ (Europe). Implicit within these discourses are attempts to demarcate civilisational distinctions. We argue that dignified belonging for people from these migrant communities in Australia involves negotiating identification with culturedness and positioning themselves on the right side of the civilised/primitive divide. This collaboration draws attention to the significance of ontological security through respect within the shared discourses and experiences of belonging for members of these two migrant groups in Australia. 相似文献