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1.
Condensation of oligoglycines with trimeta- and tetrametaphosphate in aqueous solutions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Junpei Yamanaka Katsuhiko Inomata Yukio Yamagata 《Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere》1988,18(3):165-178
The dehydration condensation of glycine with trimetaphosphate in aqueous solution has been reinvestigated. Although it has been reported that the condensation of glycine under the alkaline conditions was brought about through the formation of cyclic acylphosphoramidate and hence the condensation of polyglycines could not occur, we found that the condensation of oligoglycines with trimeta- and tetrametaphosphate in aqueous solution are possible through the formation of their acylphosphates under the neutral or weak acidic conditions.Aqueous solutions of 1.0 M glycylglycine and 1.0 M trimetaphosphate in the various pH from 4.0 to 9.0 were incubated at 38 °C. The solutions were analyzed by HPLC with ninhydrin reaction system. Tetraglycine and hexaglycine were detected and their maximum yields were given in the reaction carried out around pH 7. They are approximately 15% and 4% after 30 days, respectively. Analogous experiments were performed with tetrametaphosphate. The results showed a similar pH dependence for the condensation, but the yields were about one-tenth of those of corresponding experiments with trimetaphosphate.Relative rates of dimerization of glycine, diglycine and triglycine in the equimolar concentration were also investigated at pH 6.0 at 38 °C. The rates for digylcine and triglycine were approximately twice and four times as large as that for glycine.Relevance of the experiments to chemical evolution is discussed. 相似文献
2.
3.
Effect of roasting on ochratoxin A level in green coffee beans inoculated with Aspergillus ochraceus
Haruo Tsubouchi Katsuhiko Yamamoto Kazuo Hisada Yoshio Sakabe Shun- ichi Udagawa 《Mycopathologia》1987,97(2):111-115
The heat stability of ochratoxin A in green coffee beans inoculated with Aspergillus ochraceus was studied. Heat treatment (roasting) at 200 °C for 10 or 20 min reduced the levels of ochratoxin A by only 0–12% in the dried whole beans. Almost all of the ochratoxin A was infused into the coffee decoction when the roasted samples were ground and extracted with boiling water. Therefore, the reduction of ochratoxin A concentration of contaminated coffee beans by roasting under these conditions is ineffective. 相似文献
4.
Takeshi Tsunetoshi Atsuhiro Otsuka Hiroshi Mikami Katsuhiko Kohara Katsutoshi Katahira Toshio Ogihara 《European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology》1989,58(7):705-709
We have previously demonstrated that blood pressure elevation by acute blood volume expansion is volume-dependent during the infusion period and resistance-dependent in the post-infusion period in normal anesthetized dogs, and that such an increase in blood pressure is associated with a potentiation of the pressor response to norepinephrine. To evaluate the possible renal contribution to these hemodynamic changes, blood volume expansion was performed for 1 h with dextran dissolved in lactated Ringer's solution (20 ml/kg) in 15 nephrectomized dogs. The mean blood pressure, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance at the end of infusion were 126%, 225% and 60%, respectively; 3 h after volume expansion they were 126%, 151%, and 92% respectively. However, in 4 dogs, there was an increase in mean blood pressure (138%) 3 h after volume expansion. This was thought to result from an increase in the total peripheral resistance (133%) associated with the recovery of cardiac output (106%). The pressor response to norepinephrine (0.5 microgram/kg) was potentiated after volume expansion. These results indicate that the handling of volume by the kidney contributed to the maintenance of an elevated level of cardiac output. However, nephrectomy did not seem to interfere with the hemodynamic switching of the causative factor for blood pressure elevation from increased cardiac output to increased total peripheral resistance. Neither was the potentiation of pressor response to norepinephrine affected. 相似文献
5.
Katsuhiko Yanagisawa Hideaki Ishigro Kiyotoshi Kaneko Tadashi Miyatake 《Neurochemical research》1990,15(5):483-486
The vacuolar degeneration of central myelin was produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by oral administration of triethyl tin. The wet weight of brain stems which seems to reflect the degree of accumulation of water increased during the administration of the toxin, whereas the activity of 2, 3-cyclic nucleotide 3-phosphodiesterase altered less remarkably. When TET was withdrawn from the drinking water, the rats showed a dramatic clinical improvement along with reduction in wet weight of brain stems. Treatment with acetazolamide following TET inhibited the clinical improvement and reduction in wet weight of brain stems. The present results indicates that central myelin has plasticity in recovering from the vacuolar degeneration by removing the accumulated fluid and carbonic anhydrase is possibly involved in the dehydration, of myelin in such a recovery phase. 相似文献
6.
Characterization of Microtubule-Associated Protein 2 from Mouse Brain and Its Localization in the Cerebellar Cortex 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Michio Niinobe Nobuaki Maeda Hidetoshi Ino Katsuhiko Mikoshiba 《Journal of neurochemistry》1988,51(4):1132-1139
Microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 2 was purified from the microtubule fraction of mouse brain by heat treatment and BioGel A-5m gel filtration. The purified preparation showed a single protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using both a gradient gel (3.75-12.5%) and a low-percentage gel (5%), a finding indicating that MAP2B was absent under the conditions used. Amino acid analysis revealed that mouse MAP2 was an acidic protein with an isoelectric point (pI 4.5) and amino acid composition similar to those of porcine brain MAP2. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the antigens that reacted with MAP2 antiserum were present in large quantities in mouse brain. However, we also found a weak reaction in various tissues other than brain, and the major antigens involved were recognized to be common molecular species with the same molecular mass, 162 and 170 kilodaltons. Using antiserum against mouse brain MAP2, the developmental localization patterns of MAP2 in the mouse cerebellar cortex were studied by immunohistochemistry. MAP2 was mainly localized in the neuronal cells throughout development, with the expression in Purkinje cell dendrites being especially remarkable in the growth of arborization from postnatal day 3 to day 20. At the mature stage, the reaction was strong in the dendritic tree but very weak in the proximal dendrites and cell bodies. 相似文献
7.
Setsuzo Tada Katsuya Gomi Katsuhiko Kitamoto Kojiro Takahashi Gakuzo Tamura Shodo Hara 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1991,229(2):301-306
Summary Northern blot analysis of glucose-grown and starch-grown mycelia of Aspergillus oryzae R11340 was conducted using the cloned Taka-amylase A (TAA) gene as a probe. The amount of mRNA homologous to the TAA gene was increased when this fungus was grown with starch as a sole carbon source. In order to analyze the induction mechanism, we inserted the Escherichia coli uidA gene encoding -glucuronidase (GUS) downstream of the TAA promoter and introduced the resultant fusion gene into the A. oryzae genome. Production of a functional GUS protein was induced by starch, but not by glucose. When the effects of various sugars on expression of the fusion gene were examined, the results suggested that the expression of the fusion gene was under control of the TAA gene promoter. 相似文献
8.
Intraspecific nest usurpation by foundresses was studied in 2 haplometrotic (solitary founding) species of different subgenera,Polistes (P.) riparius andP. (Polistella) snelleni, in areas where they cohabited. The overall probability for a nest to be usurped by a foreign foundress during the season
was about twice as large inP. snelleni as inP. riparius. In both, however, probability of usurpation was largest on late pre-emergence nests, or in late June and early July. InP. riparius, all the usurpers of known origins were those foundresses that had lost their pre-emergence nests to destruction probably
by some vertebrates; inP. snelleni, some usurpers had the same history as above, while the others had lost many of all larvae to predation by unknown agents
before worker emergence. Usurpers of both species destroyed eggs and younger larvae to much greater extents than older larvae
or pupae, and they produced fewer numbers of reproductives in comparison with non-usurping foundresses. We concluded that
usurpation behavior has been maintained despite its relatively low productivity because renesting would lead to even lower
or no reproductive production. 相似文献
9.
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Myelin-Deficient Mice: Shiverer Mutant Mice Show Deletion in Gene(s) Coding for Myelin Basic Protein 总被引:17,自引:6,他引:11
10.
A vitamin B12-producing and hydrocarbon-utilizing bacterium, Corynebacterium simplex, accumulated an appreciable amount of cobalt-porphyrin in cultural filtrates when grown on a n-hexadecane medium containing sufficient amounts of cobaltous sulfate and an appropriate detergent. When grown without the detergent, the cobalt-porphyrin was found only in the cells of the organism. In the latter case, the content of cobalt-porphyrin was comparable to that of vitamin B12 and 7 times lower than that of iron-porphyrin. Though the organism required cobaltous sulfate for optimal growth, the requirement could be efficiently replaced by the supplementation of cobalt-porphyrin and partly of vitamin B12. The porphyrin moieties of extra- and intracellular cobalt-porphyrin were identified as coproporphyrin III in both cases. 相似文献