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N. Madan N. Sundar Raj M.A. Farook S. Vimal C. Venkatesan S. Abdul Majeed K.S.N. Nambi A.S. Sahul Hameed 《Process Biochemistry》2013,48(12):1893-1898
Hepatopancreatic Parvovirus (HPV) causes infection in the early stages of shrimp leading to retarded growth, ultimaltely resulting in monetary loss to the shrimp farmers. To over come this situation screening of post-larvae (PL) by immunology-based diagnostics is required. Hence, the specific gene of capsid protein for HPV was cloned into pRSET B expression vector and rHCP overexpressed with 6-histidine tagged fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Immunology-based methods like Western blot, dot blot and ELISA techniques were employed to detect HPV in infected samples using the antiserum raised in rabbits against recombinant HCP of HPV. The dot blot assay using anti-rHCP was found to be capable of detecting HPV in HPV infected post-larvae as early as at 24 h post infection. The antiserum could detect the HPV in the infected samples at 1 ng of total protein. HPV infection estimated by ELISA using anti-HCP and pure r-HCP as a standard was found to increase gradually during the course of infection from 24 h post infection. The sensitivity of antibody-based diagnostics employed in the present study was compared with that of PCR diagnostic method to screen the post-larvae for the detection of HPV. 相似文献
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L.?EriksenEmail author F.?Afshari M.?J.?Christiansen R.?A.?McIntosh A.?Jahoor C.?R.?Wellings 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,108(3):567-575
Stripe or yellow rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is an important disease in many wheat-growing regions of the world. A number of major genes providing resistance to stripe rust have been used in breeding, including one gene that is present in the differential tester Carstens V. The objective of this study was to locate and map a stripe rust resistance gene transferred from Carstens V to Avocet S and to use molecular tools to locate a number of genes segregating in the cross Savannah/Senat. One of the genes present in Senat was predicted to be a gene that is present in Carstens V. For this latter purpose, stripe rust response data from both seedling and field tests on a doubled haploid population consisting of 77 lines were compared to an available molecular map for the same lines using a non-parametric quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. Results obtained in Denmark suggested that a strong component of resistance with the specificity of Carstens V was located in chromosome arm 2AL, and this was consistent with chromosome location work undertaken in Australia. Since this gene segregated independently of Yr1, the only other stripe rust resistance gene known to be located in this chromosome arm, it was designated Yr32. Further QTLs originating from Senat were located in chromosomes 1BL, 4D, and 7DS and from Savannah on 5B, but it was not possible to characterize them as unique resistance genes in any definitive way. Yr32 was detected in several wheats, including the North American differential tester Tres. 相似文献
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Afolabi PR Jahoor F Gibson NR Jackson AA 《American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism》2004,287(2):E327-E330
The plasma concentrations of albumin, HDL apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), retinol-binding protein (RBP), transthyretin (TTR), haptoglobulin, and fibrinogen were measured, and a stable isotope infusion protocol was used to determine the fractional and absolute synthesis rates of RBP, TTR, and fibrinogen in 12 young adults on three occasions during a reduction of their habitual protein intake from 1.13 to 0.75 g x kg(-1) x day(-1) for 10 days. This study was performed to determine whether healthy adults could maintain the rates of synthesis of selected nutrient transport and positive acute-phase proteins when consuming a protein intake of 0.75 g x kg(-1) x day(-1). During the lower protein intake, the plasma concentration of all the proteins, other than HDL-apoA1, remained unchanged. HDL-apoA1 concentration was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) after 3 days of the lower protein intake, but not at 10 days. The rates of synthesis of RBP and TTR declined significantly (P < 0.05), whereas the rate of synthesis of fibrinogen remained unchanged. The results indicate that, when normal adults consume the recommended safe level of protein, 0.75 g x kg(-1) x day(-1), there is a slower rate of turnover of nutrient transport proteins than on their habitual diet. Hence, healthy individuals consuming this amount of protein may be less able to mount an adequate metabolic response to a stressful stimulus. 相似文献
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Molina-Cano JL Simiand JP Sopena A Pérez-Vendrell AM Dorsch S Rubiales D Swanston JS Jahoor A 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,107(7):1278-1287
Mildew-resistant mutants were induced with sodium azide in three North American malting barley cultivars, two in the six-rowed Ursula (URS1 and URS2), one in the six-rowed Gertrud (GER1), and one in the two-rowed Prudentia (PRU1). Two of the mutants, URS1 and PRU1, showed complete resistance and were shown to have two new alleles at the mlo locus; these were designated, respectively, mlo31 and mlo32. Mutant URS2, showing partial resistance, was inherited as a dominant gene, but was not an allele at the Mla locus. The mean yield of each mutant was higher than that of its parental line, but yield levels varied across environments, although this was independent of the severity of the mildew attack. Other reasons, for example, the severity of the necrotic lesions in the mutants, may account for yield variations. The malting quality of the GER1 mutant proved similar to that of Gertrud, but both URS1 and URS2 showed lower malt extract than Ursula. This lower extract might be due to the smaller grain size of the mutants that could, in turn, result from necrotic lesions in the leaves, as implied by the effects on grain yield.Communicated by G. Wenzel 相似文献
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Jackson AA Phillips G McClelland I Jahoor F 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2001,281(5):G1179-G1187
The plasma concentration and hepatic synthesis rates of albumin, transthyretin, very low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 (VLDL-apoB-100), high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-1, fibrinogen, alpha1-antitrypsin, and haptoglobin were measured in six normal adults before and after consuming a protein intake of 0.6 g. kg body wt(-1). day(-1) for 7 days. The synthesis of hepatic proteins was measured from the incorporation of [(2)H(5)]- phenylalanine, following prime/continuous infusion, using plasma VLDL-apoB-100 isotopic enrichment to represent the precursor pool. Synthesis of albumin declined by 50% (P < 0.001) following the lower-protein diet, VLDL-apoB-100 declined by 20% (P < 0.001), and apoA-1 declined by 16% (P < 0.05). By contrast, synthesis increased for fibrinogen (50%, P < 0.05) and haptoglobin (90%, P < 0.001). This pattern of change, with decreased synthesis of nutrient transport proteins and increased formation of acute-phase proteins, suggestive of a low-grade inflammatory response, was accompanied by increased plasma concentration of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (30%, P < 0.05). The pattern of change in the synthesis of hepatic secretory proteins following 7 days on the low-protein diet may be of functional relevance for lipid transport and the capacity to cope with stress. 相似文献
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Deidre A. Winnier Marcel Fourcaudot Luke Norton Muhammad A. Abdul-Ghani Shirley L. Hu Vidya S. Farook Dawn K. Coletta Satish Kumar Sobha Puppala Geetha Chittoor Thomas D. Dyer Rector Arya Melanie Carless Donna M. Lehman Joanne E. Curran Douglas T. Cromack Devjit Tripathy John Blangero Ravindranath Duggirala Harald H. H. G?ring Ralph A. DeFronzo Christopher P. Jenkinson 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease that is more prevalent in ethnic groups such as Mexican Americans, and is strongly associated with the risk factors obesity and insulin resistance. The goal of this study was to perform whole genome gene expression profiling in adipose tissue to detect common patterns of gene regulation associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We used phenotypic and genotypic data from 308 Mexican American participants from the Veterans Administration Genetic Epidemiology Study (VAGES). Basal fasting RNA was extracted from adipose tissue biopsies from a subset of 75 unrelated individuals, and gene expression data generated on the Illumina BeadArray platform. The number of gene probes with significant expression above baseline was approximately 31,000. We performed multiple regression analysis of all probes with 15 metabolic traits. Adipose tissue had 3,012 genes significantly associated with the traits of interest (false discovery rate, FDR ≤ 0.05). The significance of gene expression changes was used to select 52 genes with significant (FDR ≤ 10-4) gene expression changes across multiple traits. Gene sets/Pathways analysis identified one gene, alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) that was significantly enriched (P < 10-60) as a prime candidate for involvement in multiple relevant metabolic pathways. Illumina BeadChip derived ADH1B expression data was consistent with quantitative real time PCR data. We observed significant inverse correlations with waist circumference (2.8 x 10-9), BMI (5.4 x 10-6), and fasting plasma insulin (P < 0.001). These findings are consistent with a central role for ADH1B in obesity and insulin resistance and provide evidence for a novel genetic regulatory mechanism for human metabolic diseases related to these traits. 相似文献
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Afolabi PR Jahoor F Jackson AA Stubbs J Johnstone AM Faber P Lobley G Gibney E Elia M 《American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism》2007,293(6):E1580-E1589
It is unclear whether the rate of weight loss, independent of magnitude, affects whole body protein metabolism and the synthesis and plasma concentrations of specific hepatic secretory proteins. We examined 1) whether lean men losing weight rapidly (starvation) show greater changes in whole body protein kinetics, synthesis, and circulating concentrations of selected hepatic secretory proteins than those losing the same amount of weight more slowly [very low energy diet (VLED)]; and 2) whether plasma concentrations and synthetic rates of these proteins are related. Whole body protein kinetics were measured using [1-(13)C]leucine in 11 lean men (6 starvation, 5 VLED). Fractional and absolute synthetic rates of HDL-apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), retinol binding protein, transthyretin, alpha(1)-antitrypsin (alpha(1)-AT), and transferrin were measured using a prime-constant intravenous infusion of [(13)C(2)]glycine. Compared with VLED group, the starvation group showed greater increases (at a 5% weight loss) in whole body protein oxidation (P < 0.05); fractional synthetic rates of HDL-apoA1 (25.3 vs. -1.52%; P = 0.003) and retinol binding protein (30.6 vs. 7.1%; P = 0.007); absolute synthetic rates of HDL-apoA1 (7.1 vs. -3.8 mg.kg(-1).day(-1); P = 0.003) and alpha(1)-AT (17.8 vs. 3.6 mg.kg(-1).day(-1); P = 0.02); and plasma concentration of alpha(1)-AT (P = 0.025). Relationships between synthetic rates and plasma concentrations varied between the secreted proteins. It is concluded that synthetic rates of hepatic secreted proteins in lean men are more closely related to the rate than the magnitude of weight loss. Changes in concentration of these secreted proteins can occur independently of changes in synthetic rates, and vice versa. 相似文献
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Ahmad F Christenson A Bainbridge M Yusof AP Ab Ghani S 《Biosensors & bioelectronics》2007,22(8):1625-1632
A new implantable electrocatalytic glucose sensor for subcutaneous glucose monitoring has been fabricated by immobilizing glucose oxidase on a chemically modified carbon fiber. The sensor was inserted subcutaneously on a male spraguely rat without any incision after dipping the microsensor in the rat's serum for 3 days. The so called "stained" microsensor, operated in the amperometric mode with an applied potential of +0.23 V versus Ag|AgCl, was able to directly measure the glucose concentration upon infusion of glucose. The results obtained were encouraging, with the response time was less than 2s and the apparent Michaelis-Menten value at 5.1+/-0.5mM. The "stained" microsensor shows good stability and reproducibility with constant response spanned over 25 days. Most common interferences in glucose analysis were minimized by the outerlayer Nafion. Hematology examinations showed minimal material-tissue interaction. Use of such mechanical devices will allow a more refined understanding towards glucose control in diabetic patients as the implanted microsensor was not effected by biocompatibility failures. 相似文献
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Farook Thameem V Saroja Voruganti John Blangero Anthony G Comuzzie Hanna E Abboud 《Journal of biomedical science》2015,22(1)