棉蚜性蚜的研究

调查了棉蚜性蚜的种群动态,对性母、性雄、性雌内外生殖系统进行了研究、观察、解剖与描述,并对性雌产卵习性、产卵量以及交配习性进行了研究。讨论了性蚜产生的生态条件及性雄、性雌性别决定先后次序和来源问题。     

响应面法优化飞龙掌血中总生物碱的提取工艺

以飞龙掌血（Toddalia asiatica（L.）Lam.）的根为实验材料,以总生物碱的含量为检测指标,应用响应面法对飞龙掌血中总生物碱的提取工艺进行了优化。结果显示,当提取条件为乙醇体积分数74.76%、料液比20∶1和提取时间32.87 min时,飞龙掌血提取物中总生物碱的理论含量值可达11.09 mg/g,总生物碱含量达到最高值。按照最佳提取工艺条件进行验证,3次平行实验的均值为（10.74 ±0.18）mg/g,与理论值差异较小,表明利用响应面法来优化飞龙掌血中总生物碱的最佳提取工艺模型拟合良好,具有一定实用价值。     

Chemerin induces lipolysis through ERK1/2 pathway in intramuscular mature adipocytes of dairy bull calves

The adipokine Chemerin has been reported to regulate differentiation and metabolism of adipocytes, but the mechanism underlying lipolysis is still largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore whether ERK1/2 pathway is involved in regulating Chemerin during bovine intramuscular mature adipocyte lipolysis. Intramuscular mature adipocytes of dairy bull calves were cultured in vitro and were treated with Chemerin or U0126, which is an inhibitor of ERK1/2 pathway. The results showed that TG content in cells was significantly decreased, glycerol and free fatty acid were significantly increased in cell culture media, and the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in cells was increased in Chemerin-treated group, suggested that ERK1/2 pathway was involved in regulation of lipolysis by Chemerin. In addition, the expression of lipolytic-related critical factors ATGL, HSL, LPL, PPARα, UCP3, and CPT1 were upregulated, but the expression of adipogenic key factors, including PPARγ and C/EBPα were downregulated by Chemerin. Interestingly, all the effects of Chemerin on genes expression in intramuscular mature adipocytes or fat tissue were inhibited by U0126, showed that the function of Chemerin to promote adipose decomposition will be significantly weakened if the ERK1/2 pathway is suppressed, and confirmed that ERK1/2 pathway is involved in mediate Chemerin-enhanced lipolysis. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that Chemerin induce intramuscular mature adipocytes lipolysis through activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. Our research at least provide partial mechanisms of Chemerin on lipolysis and deposition of intramuscular fat tissue of dairy bull calves.     

Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of a novel Rab-like protein mRabL5

Rab GTPases, which belong to the Ras superfamily, represent a group of small molecular weight GTP binding proteins that are involved in various steps along the exocytic and endocytic pathways. We first identified mRabL5 (GenBank Accession No. NP_080349), a novel Mus musculus Rab-like protein, present as a Golgi-associated protein. Here we presented the results of the cloning, prokaryotic expression, purification, and polyclonal antibody production of the novel Rab-like protein. In order to obtain a specific antibody against mRabL5, we prepared two GST fusion proteins, full-length mRabL5 GST fusion protein and mRabL5 C terminus GST fusion protein, to immunize rabbits. Western blot analysis showed that both antibodies prepared against full length of mRabL5 and its C terminus, respectively, can recognize mRabL5 protein. Immunofluorescence of mRabL5 in NIH3T3 cells using the two antibodies showed its perinuclear clustering distribution pattern. The polyclonal antibodies preparation against mRabL5 provided a good tool for us to study the functional involvement of mRabL5.     

脂肪组织源性干细胞研究进展

增加具有完整功能的种子细胞数目是细胞移植的首要环节。近来研究发现,成体动物脂肪组织中含有大量的具有多向分化潜能的间充质干细胞,在特定条件下可分化为多种组织细胞,如脂肪细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞、肌细胞及神经星状细胞等,且具有极强的自我复制能力,有望成为组织工程理想的种子细胞。本文综述了脂肪组织源性干细胞（ADSCs）的发现、生物学特性、多向分化潜能、应用前景及存在的问题。     

Effects of cotton cultivars on the population dynamics and population parameters of Tetranychus turkestani

土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani(Vgorag et Nikolski)是新疆棉花害螨的优势种,本试验通过调查土耳其斯坦叶螨对棉田为害程度,研究了土耳其斯坦叶螨对新疆主栽的6个棉花品种(系)的种群动态进行了比较:新海21号、新陆早26号2个棉花品种上叶螨密度水平较低,标杂A1、297-5、81-3、新陆早12号叶螨密度没有显著差异.在此基础上比较了6种品种(系)上土耳其斯坦叶螨的实验种群参数:土耳其斯坦叶螨在新海21号、新陆早12号、新陆早26号品种上各虫态发育历期较长,各虫态存活率较低,每雌产卵量较少,种群趋势指数较低;而在标杂A1、297-5、81-3品种上的发育历期较短,各虫态存活率较高,每雌产卵量较多,种群趋势指数也较高.     

蜜蜂大脑的分区与功能

蜜蜂Apis mellifera L.是神经生物学研究的重要模式生物。尽管工蜂脑的体积不足1mm3,包含的神经元数量不到百万,但却拥有丰富的个体和社会行为,甚至还有学习、记忆、认知等高级行为。如此微小的大脑也是通过不同结构分区来实现其丰富复杂的行为。本文对蜜蜂大脑的精细解剖结构以及脑区功能研究进行了综述,为昆虫科学和神经生物学研究提供参考。     

花生四烯酸对大鼠前体脂肪细胞生长与分化的影响(英文)

以大鼠前体脂肪细胞原代单层培养为模型,用不同浓度花生四烯酸(AA)处理细胞.通过台盼蓝排斥试验及噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)反映各组细胞增殖状况;Hoechst33342荧光染色观察AA处理后细胞核形态变化;油红O染色提取法分析细胞分化程度;逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)分析环氧合酶2(COX2)mRNA表达情况,探讨外源性AA对大鼠前体脂肪细胞生长分化的影响及其可能机制.120μmolLAA处理前体脂肪细胞24～72h,细胞活力明显高于对照组;160μmolLAA作用48h时,前体脂肪细胞表现出明显的凋亡现象;脂肪细胞经40～80μmolLAA作用72h时,细胞油红O染色的吸光度值显著减少;40μmolLAA在作用的24h时,可显著上调COX2mRNA的表达量.说明外源性AA以时间性和剂量依赖性调节前体脂肪细胞的生长与分化,40～80μmolLAA在不显著增加脂肪数目的同时,可抑制前体脂肪细胞向成熟脂肪细胞转化、减少脂肪生成量,对控制动物体脂的形成有一定参考价值,COX2mRNA表达量的上升可能是AA抑制前体脂肪细胞分化的内在机制.