Duvelisib attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease that seriously threatens the health of patients. The pathogenesis of IPF is still unclear, and there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Myofibroblasts are the main effector cells of IPF, leading to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoting the progression of fibrosis. Inhibiting the excessive activation and relieving autophagy blockage of myofibroblasts is the key to treat IPF. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays a key regulatory role in promoting fibroblast activation and autophagy inhibition in lung fibrosis. Duvelisib is a PI3K inhibitor that can simultaneously inhibit the activities of PI3K-δ and PI3K-γ, and is mainly used for the treatment of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma tumour (SLL). In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of Duvelisib on pulmonary fibrosis. We used a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis to evaluate the effects of Duvelisib on pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and further explored the potential pharmacological mechanisms of Duvelisib in lung fibroblasts in vitro. The in vivo experiments showed that Duvelisib significantly alleviated bleomycin-induced collagen deposition and improved pulmonary function. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological experiments showed that Duvelisib dose-dependently suppressed lung fibroblast activation and improved autophagy inhibition by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and mTOR. Our results indicate that Duvelisib can alleviate the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and provide potential drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.     

缬草挥发油化学成分的研究

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对产于太白县的缬草根和茎叶中的挥发油成分分别进行分析,从根中鉴定出45种成分,以茎叶中鉴定出67种成分,并用GC测定了每一成分在该挥发油中的含量。     

木姜子叶精油的化学成分研究

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对产于秦岭太白山的木姜子叶的挥发油成分进行分析鉴定,从分离出的79个峰中鉴定了32种成分,其含量占挥发油总量的90.59％,主要成分为1,3,3-三甲基-乙-氧杂双环[2,2,2]辛烷(59.96％),1,8-桉油醇(8.96％),香茅醛(6.86％),2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己酮(4.34％)和澄花醇乙酯(3.19％)。     

Stable Li Metal Anode Enabled by Space Confinement and Uniform Curvature through Lithiophilic Nanotube Arrays

The application of lithium (Li) metal anodes in rechargeable batteries is primarily restricted by Li dendrite growth on the metal's surface, which leads to shortened cycle life and safety concerns. Herein, well‐spaced nanotubes with ultrauniform surface curvature are introduced as a Li metal anode structure. The ultrauniform nanotubular surface generates uniform local electric fields that evenly attract Li‐ions to the surface, thereby inducing even current density distribution. Moreover, the well‐defined nanotube spacing offers Li diffusion pathways to the electroactive areas as well as the confined spaces to host deposited Li. These structural attributes create a unique electrodeposition manner; i.e., Li metal homogenously deposits on the nanotubular wall, causing each Li nanotube to grow in circumference without obvious sign of dendritic formation. Thus, the full‐cell battery with the spaced Li nanotubes exhibits a high specific capacity of 132 mA h g^?1 at 1 C and an excellent coulombic efficiency of ≈99.85% over 400 cycles.     

Synthesis of n-butyl acetate via reactive distillation column using Candida Antarctica lipase as catalyst

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - The reactive distillation process for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate via transesterification of ethyl acetate with n-butyl alcohol catalyzed by immobilized...     

染色质免疫共沉淀实验方法

染色质免疫共沉淀(ChIP)技术是一种检测蛋白质与DNA结合的实验技术。该方法可以先进行样品交联, 然后将蛋白质与DNA复合物进行随机DNA切断, 再借助免疫学方法特异性富集与目的蛋白相结合的DNA片段, 从而检测转录因子等目的蛋白质与DNA的结合情况, 鉴定基因启动子或其它DNA结合位点。该方法同时也可应用于研究基因组特定位点的组蛋白修饰情况。该文介绍了依赖交联固定的常规免疫共沉淀(X-ChIP), 以及适用于10³细胞级别微量实验材料的基于微球菌核酸酶非交联免疫共沉淀(ULI-NChIP)具体操作过程和注意事项。     

糜蛋白酶提高膜蛋白质谱分析序列覆盖率的胶内消化方法

近年来,质谱技术在膜蛋白结构与功能研究中被广泛应用。由于膜蛋白的跨膜结构域含有大量疏水性氨基酸,常常导致液质串联质谱检测的序列覆盖率较低,从而限制了质谱技术在膜蛋白结构与功能研究中的应用。文中利用人的整合膜蛋白维生素K环氧化物还原酶为模型,优化胶内消化条件,建立了一种稳定提高膜蛋白质谱序列覆盖率的糜蛋白酶胶内消化方法。通过探索钙离子浓度、pH值和缓冲体系对序列覆盖率、检测特异肽段的总数和类型以及特异肽段大小的影响,发现在5–10 mmol/L钙离子浓度、pH 8.0–8.5的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,可以兼顾序列覆盖率和肽段的多样性。该方法可以使膜蛋白的质谱覆盖率达到80%以上,将在膜蛋白结构与功能、膜蛋白相互作用位点的鉴定以及膜蛋白与小分子药物结合位点的鉴定等研究中具有广泛的应用价值。