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Jie Huang Yu-Zhi Li Lian-Ming Du Bo Yang Fu-Jun Shen He-Min Zhang Zhi-He Zhang Xiu-Yue Zhang Bi-Song Yue 《BMC genomics》2015,16(1)
Background
The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a critically endangered species endemic to China. Microsatellites have been preferred as the most popular molecular markers and proven effective in estimating population size, paternity test, genetic diversity for the critically endangered species. The availability of the giant panda complete genome sequences provided the opportunity to carry out genome-wide scans for all types of microsatellites markers, which now opens the way for the analysis and development of microsatellites in giant panda.Results
By screening the whole genome sequence of giant panda in silico mining, we identified microsatellites in the genome of giant panda and analyzed their frequency and distribution in different genomic regions. Based on our search criteria, a repertoire of 855,058 SSRs was detected, with mono-nucleotides being the most abundant. SSRs were found in all genomic regions and were more abundant in non-coding regions than coding regions. A total of 160 primer pairs were designed to screen for polymorphic microsatellites using the selected tetranucleotide microsatellite sequences. The 51 novel polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were discovered based on genotyping blood DNA from 22 captive giant pandas in this study. Finally, a total of 15 markers, which showed good polymorphism, stability, and repetition in faecal samples, were used to establish the novel microsatellite marker system for giant panda. Meanwhile, a genotyping database for Chengdu captive giant pandas (n = 57) were set up using this standardized system. What’s more, a universal individual identification method was established and the genetic diversity were analysed in this study as the applications of this marker system.Conclusion
The microsatellite abundance and diversity were characterized in giant panda genomes. A total of 154,677 tetranucleotide microsatellites were identified and 15 of them were discovered as the polymorphic and stable loci. The individual identification method and the genetic diversity analysis method in this study provided adequate material for the future study of giant panda.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1268-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献2.
【目的】测定黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus幼虫抗菌肽提取液的浓度、抑菌活性及其部分生化特性和凝血效应。【方法】本实验用浓度为1×108 CFU/m L大肠杆菌Escherichia coli诱导5龄黄粉虫幼虫,分别在诱导12、24、36、48、60和72 h后提取其中的抗菌肽,并用考马斯亮兰法测定抗菌肽粗提液蛋白的浓度,并用滤纸片法测定其抑菌活性,同时对其热稳定性、反复冻融稳定性、蛋白酶稳定性及不同p H对其活性的影响等生化特性及凝血效应进行了探究。【结果】经大肠杆菌诱导的黄粉虫抗菌肽粗提液的蛋白浓度均显著高于未诱导的黄粉虫组(P<0.01),且在诱导48 h时产生的抗菌肽提取液蛋白的浓度最高,产生的抑菌圈直径也显著高于未诱导的黄粉虫组(P<0.05),生化特性的测定结果显示,黄粉虫抗菌肽有较好的热稳定性、酶稳定性及酸碱稳定性,反复冻溶后对其抑菌活性影响不大,并且无凝血效应。【结论】大肠杆菌可以刺激黄粉虫的免疫系统,增加抗菌肽的表达量,使其产生浓度高、活性强的抗菌肽,且生化特性较稳定。本研究对黄粉虫抗菌肽作为绿色抗生素用于畜牧养殖业的进一步开发与利用提供了科学的理论依据。 相似文献
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从四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心提供的野外放归大熊猫“祥祥”的粪样中,分离到一株产纤维素酶的兼性厌氧菌株。该菌株经初步生理生化鉴定为肠杆菌科沙雷氏菌(Serratia),命名为Serratia JF-1116。用PCR技术扩增了该菌的16S rDNA全序列,并对其进行了克隆和测序,对该序列在GenBank中的BLAST结果表明,所有与该序列高度同源的序列均为肠杆菌科的16SrDNA基因序列,选取同源性高的菌株的16SrDNA基因序列进行系统发育分析,菌株与3株Serratia聚类在一起。 相似文献
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David POWELL 林虹 Kathy CARLSTEAD Devra KLEIMAN 张和民 张贵权 张志和 余建秋 张金国 卢雁平 Timothy S.K.NG Jason C.L.TANG Rebecca SNYDER 《动物学报》2008,54(1):169-175
以往研究表明,许多成年雄性大熊猫在圈养状态下不能表达正常的社群性行为。我们设计了一个实验来研究大熊猫正常社群性行为与性情特征、展示、以及饲养管理的关系。通过调查获得大熊猫展示和饲养管理的数据,询问饲养员得知2001年繁殖季节中大熊猫的社群性行为发生频次,然后评估社群性行为能力。研究对象是分布在中国4个繁育中心的37头(12头雄性和25头雌性)成体大熊猫。通过提供新物品和气味来评估大熊猫情绪反应状况。情绪反应分为3类:畏惧、访问和访问玩耍。在有饲养员陪同玩耍的一组里,雌、雄大熊猫的"访问玩耍"的分值都较高。"畏惧"类的雌性大熊猫气味标记行为少,表达的性行为也少,并且更多地攻击接近它们的雄性,或者不理睬雄性。在繁殖季节前就接近雄性大熊猫围栏的雌性,表现出更多的气味标记行为和性行为。这些雌性的"访问玩耍"分值也高。"访问"分值高的雄性大熊猫,接近雌性的行为更多。那些与饲养员接触时间少的雄性大熊猫倾向于攻击雌性,与那些攻击性小的雄性相比,这些雄性倾向于能够接受丰富性低的环境。这些结果表明,应该采取措施减少大熊猫的畏惧,在大熊猫和饲养员之间建立积极的关系,在繁殖季节之前,增加雌性和雄性之间的熟悉程度。 相似文献