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1.
Abstract The infection frequency of both compatible and incompatible races of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei decreased gradually with increasing leaf age on undetached primary barley leaves. The length of secondary hyphae of the compatible race was approximately the same regardless of age, but secondary hyphae were slightly longer on younger seedlings than on older seedlings in the case of the incompatible race. Both the infection frequency and length of secondary hyphae of the two races weredistinctly different. On composite sections produced by exchanging the epidermal layers of young and relatively mature primary leaves, the infection frequency of the compatible race was higher on the epidermis of young leaves than on the epidermis of older, leaves, regardless of which mesophyll was under the epidermis. The epidermis appears to play a major role in age-dependent resistance, while the mesophyll may act disparately by providing a factor promotive to mildew infection in addition to supporting the resistance function of the epidermis. 相似文献
2.
Shiraishi Tomonori; Araki Miwa; Yoshioka Hirofumi; Kobayashi Issei; Yamada Tetsuji; Ichinose Yuki; Kunoh Hitoshi; Oku Hachiro 《Plant & cell physiology》1991,32(7):1067-1075
A pathogenic fungus of pea, Mycosphaerella pinodes, secretesa so-called "suppressor" in its pycnospore germination fluid.The suppressor blocks the defense responses and induces localsusceptibility (accessibility) in pea plants to agents thatare not pathogenic in pea. The suppressor nonspecifically inhibitsthe ATPase activity in plasma membranes prepared from pea, soybean,kidney bean, cowpea and barley plants. However, cytochemicalstudies by electron microscopy indicate that the suppressorspecifically inhibits the ATPase in pea cell membranes, butnot in those of four other plant species tested. That is, thespecificity of the suppressor appears at the cell and/or tissuelevel, but is not evident in vitro. Furthermore, the inhibitoryeffect of the suppressor is temporary because the ATPase activityrecovers 9 h after the treatment. A similar effect was observedafter inoculation with M. pinodes but not with a nonpathogenof pea, M. ligulicola. The role of the suppressor in host-parasitespecificity is discussed. (Received April 9, 1991; Accepted August 6, 1991) 相似文献
3.
4.
Sadayuki Ban Shozo Iida Hachiro Shimba Akio A. Awa Suzanne M. Nowak Tsutomu Sugahara 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1983,113(1):142-147
Endoreduplication (ER) could be induced very effectively in Chinese hamster V79 cells exposed to cytosine arabinoside (1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine; Ara-C). Cells were cultured for 48 hours in Ara-C containing medium. ER frequency increases rapidly after Ara-C release. About 60% of metaphase cells were endoreduplicated at 8–10 hours after release from Ara-C (5 μg/ml). Induction of ER also depends on Ara-C concentrations. 相似文献
5.
Shigeki Shibahara Yasushi Tomita Miki Yoshizawa Koushi Shibata Hachiro Tagami 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》1990,3(Z2):90-95
The pigment cell-specific gene, located at the brown (b)-locus in mouse, encodes the protein that determines the type of melanin synthesized. This protein is known as tyrosinase-related protein, but here we tentatively term it b-locus protein to avoid confusions with the related sequence cross-hybridizing to the tyrosinase gene. In order to identify the mutation at the b-locus, we have cloned and characterized the b-locus protein gene of BALB/c mouse (b/b, c/c). The gene is about 18 kb long and organized into 8 exons and 7 introns. Sequence analysis of the b-locus protein gene reveals four base changes within the protein-coding regions: two missense mutations and two silent mutations. Two missense mutations result in the Cys to Tyr substitution at position 86 (codon 110) and the Arg to His substitution at position 302 (codon 326) of a b-locus protein molecule. Using allele-specific amplification, we confirmed that these missense mutations are actually present in the genomic DNA of two b-mutant strains examined, BALB/c and DBA/2 (b/b, C/C) mice, suggesting that these mutations are specific for the mutant mice at the b-locus. Moreover, we are able to show that the b-locus protein containing Tyr 86 is not reactive with the anti-b-locus protein monoclonal antibody, TMH-1, in transient expression assays. 相似文献
6.
Toru Nakayashiki Koichi Nishimura Ryouichi Tanaka Hachiro Inokuchi 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》1995,249(2):139-146
Mutants of Escherichia coli defective in the HemA protein grow extremely poorly as the result of heme deficiency. A novel hemA mutant was identified whose rate of growth was dramatically enhanced by addition to the medium of low concentrations of translational inhibitors, such as chloramphenicol and tetracycline. This mutant (H110) carries mutation at position 314 in the hemA gene, which resulted in diminished activity of the encoded protein. Restoration of growth of H110 upon addition of the drugs mentioned above was due to activation of the synthesis of porphyrin. However, this activation was not characteristic exclusively of cells with this mutant hemA gene since it was also observed in a heme-deficient strain bearing the wild-type hemA gene. The activation did not depend on the promoter activity of the hemA gene, as indicated by studies with fusion genes. It appears that partial inhibition of protein synthesis via inhibition of peptidyltransferase can promote the synthesis of porphyrin by providing an increased supply of Guamyl-tRNA for porphyrin synthesis. Glutamyl-tRNA is the common substrate for peptidyltransferase and HemA. 相似文献
7.
Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Genes from Pisum sativum: Structure, Organ-Specific Expression and Regulation by Fungal Elicitor and Suppressor 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
8.
Jonathan Rosen Thomas Ryder Hachiro Inokuchi Hisako Ohtsubo Eiichi Ohtsubo 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1980,179(3):527-537
Summary The nucleotide sequence of the entire region required for autonomous replication and incompatibility of an R100 plasmid derivative, pSM1, has been determined. This region includes the replication region and all plasmid encoded information required for replication. Numerous reading frames for possible proteins can be found in this region. The existence of one of these proteins called RepA1 (285 amino acids; 33,000 daltons) which is encoded within the region known by cloning analysis to be required for replication is supported by several lines of evidence. These include an examination of the characteristic sequences on the proximal and distal ends of the coding region, a comparison of the sequence of the replication regions of pSM1 and the highly related R1 plasmid derivative Rsc13 as well as other biochemical and genetic evidence. The existence of two other proteins, RepA3 (64 amino acids; 7000 daltons) and RepA2 (103 amino acids; 11,400 daltons) is also consistent with most of the criteria mentioned above. However, the region encoding RepA3, which by cloning analysis is within the region responsible for both replication and incompatibility, has never been demonstrated to produce a 7,000 dalton polypeptide. Since a large secondary structure can be constructed in this region, it is possible that the region contains structure or other information that is responsible for incompatibility. RepA2, encoded entirely within the region identified by cloning analysis to be responsible for incompatibility but not for replication can be visualized in vivo and in vitro. However, the nucleotide sequence of the region encoding RepA2 is completely different in mutually incompatible plasmid derivatives of R1 and R100. It is therefore unlikely that RepA2 plays a major role in incompatibility. Thus, we predict that RepA1 is required to initiate DNA synthesis at the replication origin and that the region proximal to RepA1 either encodes a gene product or structure information that is responsible for incompatibility. 相似文献
9.
The injurious effect of pisatin on the plasma membrane of pea 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Shiraishi Tomonori; Oku Hachiro; Isono Mitsuko; Ouchi Seiji 《Plant & cell physiology》1975,16(5):939-942
The main cause of wilting which occurs in pea leaves heavilyinfected with powdery mildew was suggested to be due to theinjurious effect of pisatin, a defensive antifungal substanceproduced by the host leaves, which affects the plasma membraneof the same host cells. (Received May 29, 1975; ) 相似文献
10.
Xiaofeng Wu Akinori Akaike Hachiro Sugimoto 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,393(3):514-518
Reduction in or dysfunction of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) is linked to several neuronal disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the detailed mechanism underlying GLT1 regulation has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we first demonstrated the effects of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling on GLT1 regulation. We prepared astrocytes cultured in astrocyte-defined medium (ADM), which contains several growth factors including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin. The levels of phosphorylated Akt (Ser473) and mTOR (Ser2448) increased, and GLT1 levels were increased in ADM-cultured astrocytes. Treatment with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor or an Akt inhibitor suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and mTOR (Ser2448) as well as decreased ADM-induced GLT1 upregulation. Treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin decreased GLT1 protein and mRNA levels. In contrast, rapamycin did not affect Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation. Our results suggest that mTOR is a downstream target of the PI3K/Akt pathway regulating GLT1 expression. 相似文献