Soil management legacy alters weed-crop competition through biotic and abiotic pathways

Plant and Soil - Agricultural practices often have persistent effects on soil physicochemical properties and soil biota, which can feedback to influence plant performance. We investigated...     

DIA-Based Proteomics Identifies IDH2 as a Targetable Regulator of Acquired Drug Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Drug resistance is a critical obstacle to effective treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. To understand the underlying resistance mechanisms in response to imatinib mesylate (IMA) and adriamycin (ADR), the parental K562 cells were treated with low doses of IMA or ADR for 2 months to generate derivative cells with mild, intermediate, and severe resistance to the drugs as defined by their increasing resistance index. PulseDIA-based (DIA [data-independent acquisition]) quantitative proteomics was then employed to reveal the proteome changes in these resistant cells. In total, 7082 proteins from 98,232 peptides were identified and quantified from the dataset using four DIA software tools including OpenSWATH, Spectronaut, DIA-NN, and EncyclopeDIA. Sirtuin signaling pathway was found to be significantly enriched in both ADR-resistant and IMA-resistant K562 cells. In particular, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 was identified as a potential drug target correlated with the drug resistance phenotype, and its inhibition by the antagonist AGI-6780 reversed the acquired resistance in K562 cells to either ADR or IMA. Together, our study has implicated isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 as a potential target that can be therapeutically leveraged to alleviate the drug resistance in K562 cells when treated with IMA and ADR.     

Aurin tricarboxylic acid, the anti-AIDS compound, prevents the binding of interferon-alpha to its receptor

Binding of HIV to its receptor, the CD4 molecule of lymphocytes, can be prevented by chemical agents. These agents could be considered as potential anti-AIDS drugs. We have shown that aurin tricarboxylic acid (ATA, 3 microM) specifically blocks the binding of gp120, the HIV coat protein, to the CD4 molecule. We have also found that ATA prevents the binding of interferon-alpha to its receptor in a dose-dependent manner (12-50 microM range). Membrane potential shift, associated with binding of interferon-alpha to its receptor, was also blocked by ATA in a dose-dependent fashion. Our results indicate that potential anti-AIDS drugs should be screened for such undesired side effects.     

Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomics Analysis of a Vibrio cholerae O1 Strain Isolated from a Cholera Patient in Malaysia

The genome sequence analysis of a clinical Vibrio cholerae VC35 strain from an outbreak case in Malaysia indicates multiple genes involved in host adaptation and a novel Na⁺-driven multidrug efflux pump-coding gene in the genome of Vibrio cholerae with the highest similarity to VMA_001754 of Vibrio mimicus VMA223.     

Efficiency of Neopsylla abagaitui fleas as plague vectors in Transbaikalia

Experiments have shown that the block of proventriculus develops in 1.1 to 1.5% of individuals of the flea Neopsylla abagaitui infected with plague microbe. These insects transmit the agent during bloodsucking to different plague carriers (Citellus dauricus, C. undulatus, Meriones unguiculatus, Microtus gregalis). The plague microbe is preserved in fleas for 65 days (the observation period).     

伸展素在黄瓜胞壁中的转化及其与羟脯氨酸和异联酪氨酸的关系

用~(14)C-Pro和~3H_2-Tyr离体暗培养黄瓜子叶,发现细胞质、SECW和RCW中的Hyp/Pro和Idt/Tyr都随时间呈线性增加。这两种比值后两者高于前者,而两种比值增加速度之比在胞质部分最大、RCW中最小。表明在胞质和胞壁中都有Pro羟化和Tyr异联化过程,但羟化作用主要发生在胞质中,异联化主要在RCW中。 理化处理(高渗溶液和CHM)和放射性示踪证明胞质中存在HRGP库;它被分泌到胞壁后,先以离子键与壁结合,后转变为共价键与壁结合的伸展素。     

广谱肾综合征出血热病毒单克隆抗体的A35的生物学性状

具有中和及血凝抑制活性的、能和世界各地分离到的肾综合征出血热病毒(HFRSV)发生反应的、广谱的单克隆抗体(McAb),对HFRSV的诊断和分子生物学研究都有重要意义。 本文着重比较了HFRSV McAbA5、A19、A25-1、A25-7和A35的生物学性状,并观察了对感染动物的实验治疗效果。     

人参寡糖素对三七悬浮培养细胞生长的效应

从人参培养细胞的细胞壁中分离纯化到不同分子量的单体人参寡糖素。试验结果表明命名为人参寡糖素Ⅶ和人参寡糖素Ⅷ的两种寡糖素对三七悬浮培养细胞的生长具有明显的促进作用,其增长率分别为１９．３４％和１０．５８％,人参寡糖素Ⅶ的适宜浓度为５—１０ｍｇ／ｌ。在高浓度下（大于２５ｍｇ／ｌ）稍抑制培养细胞生长。在细胞培养２２天（指数生长期）后．加入１０ｍｇ／ｌ的人参寡糖素Ⅶ．然后再培养２天。其生长速率即提高,加入人参寡糖素Ⅷ后．缩短了三七细胞悬浮培养生长的延缓期．提前进入对数生长期和指数生长期,并在对数生长期和指数生长期作用最明显,因而最终收获时培养细胞的产率增加。