H.pylori可塑区tfs3a分泌系统virB2基因功能

目的对virB2基因编码蛋白进行分析,为virB2基因及其编码蛋白功能提供实验依据。方法利用多种生物学软件以及网站对VirB2蛋白的结构和功能进行分析预测,VirB2蛋白序列通过基因推导获得并由生物公司合成,然后通过免疫动物实验制备鼠抗VirB2蛋白多克隆抗体,同时设计进行VirB2蛋白细胞毒试验(MTT法)。结果virB2基因编码蛋白属于疏水性蛋白,为鞭毛样结构,有较强的细胞毒作用。结论对VirB2蛋白的结构和功能进行了分析预测,证明VirB2蛋白在H.pylori相关的致病性特别是引起胃黏膜炎症方面起到一定的作用,能够为研究H.pylori致病机制提供帮助。     

感染环形泰勒焦虫(Theileria annulata)的牛外周血白细胞的形态观察

用光镜及扫描电镜观察了体外高代培养的含牛焦虫颗粒的牛外周血白细胞的形态及在细胞周期中细胞表面的特征性变化。这种经多年传代的含虫的牛外周血白细胞恢复了分裂和繁殖的能力,目前已成为较稳定的细胞系。细胞表面具多种伪足突起,如叶状、丝状及绒毛状。细胞周期中备期细胞表面的主要特征是:S期:细胞平扁,边缘具薄的时状伪足及丝状伪足;G_2期:细胞中部隆起,表面具少量绒毛状伪足;G_1期:绒毛状结构少或无,而出现丝状及小的叶状伪足,细胞仍保持球形;M期:细胞球形,表面密被以绒毛。作者根据扫描电镜的观察认为光镜下所观察的两类细胞,实际上是反映了一种细胞处于不同发育阶段时的特征。     

Kinetic isotope effect studies on aspartate aminotransferase: evidence for a concerted 1,3 prototropic shift mechanism for the cytoplasmic isozyme and L-aspartate and dichotomy in mechanism

The C alpha primary hydrogen kinetic isotope effects (C alpha-KIEs) for the reaction of the cytoplasmic isozyme of aspartate aminotransferase (cAATase) with [alpha-2H]-L-aspartate are small and only slightly affected by deuterium oxide solvent (DV = 1.43 +/- 0.03 and DV/KAsp = 1.36 +/- 0.04 in H2O; DV = 1.44 +/- 0.01 and DV/KAsp = 1.61 +/- 0.06 in D2O). The D2O solvent KIEs (SKIEs) are somewhat larger and are essentially independent of deuterium at C alpha (D2OV = 2.21 +/- 0.07 and D2OV/KAsp = 1.70 +/- 0.03 with [alpha-1H]-L-aspartate; D2OV = 2.34 +/- 0.12 and D2OV/KAsp = 1.82 +/- 0.06 with [alpha-2H]-L- aspartate). The C alpha-KIEs on V and on V/KAsp are independent of pH from pH 5.0 to pH 10.0. These results support a rate-determining concerted 1,3 prototropic shift mechanism by the multiple KIE criteria [Hermes, J. D., Roeske, C. A., O'Leary, M. H., & Cleland, W. W. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 5106]. The large C alpha-KIEs for the reaction of mitochondrial AATase (mAATase) with L-glutamate (DV = 1.88 +/- 0.13 and DV/KGlu = 3.80 +/- 0.43 in H2O; DV = 1.57 +/- 0.05 and DV/KGlu = 4.21 +/- 0.19 in D2O) coupled with the relatively small SKIEs (D2OV = 1.58 +/- 0.04 and D2OV/KGlu = 1.25 +/- 0.05 with [alpha-1H]-L-glutamate; D2OV = 1.46 +/- 0.06 and D2OV/KGlu = 1.16 +/- 0.05 with [alpha-2H]-L-glutamate) are most consistent with a two-step mechanism for the 1,3 prototropic shift for this isozyme-substrate pair.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Aspartate aminotransferase catalyzed oxygen exchange with solvent from oxygen-18-enriched alpha-ketoglutarate: evidence for slow exchange of enzyme-bound water

Partitioning of the ketimine (or ketimine + quinonoid) intermediate(s) in the mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase reactions was investigated by following the rates of loss of 18O from carbonyl-18O-enriched alpha-ketoglutarate together with the rate of L-glutamate formation. The ratio of these rate constants was found to equal 1 at 10 degrees C, implying that the above intermediate(s) face(s) equal barriers with respect to the forward and reverse reactions. This partition ratio of 1 together with that measured from the alpha-amino acid side of the reaction [Julin, D.A., Wiesinger, H., Toney, M. D., & Kirsch, J.F. (1989) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)] suggests that the rate constant for exchange of alpha-ketoglutarate-derived H2(18)O from the ketimine (or ketimine + quinonoid) form(s) of the enzyme with solvent is comparable with that for kcat.     

A review of the distribution of all species of deer (Tragulidae, Moschidae and Cervidae) in China

Twenty-one species of deer occur in China: one species of Tragulidae, three species of Moschidae and 17 species of Cervidae. The foundation of this review is the research conducted in the early 1940s by Allen, combined with the research and investigation by the authors and other Chinese specialists since that time. This paper focuses on the tentative distribution of these species of deer for future research efforts.     

稻虱跗(虫扇)的个体发生研究:生活史和寄生作用

稻虱跗蝙Elenchinus japonicus Esaki et Hashimoto属(捻翅目)跗蝙科,在稻田寄生于白背稻虱、褐稻虱和灰稻虱.稻虱跗蝙在母体血腔中发育、孵化产生三爪蚴,三爪蚴通过生殖沟、生殖孔、育道和育道开口离开母体.三爪蚴离开母体在稻株上活动.一旦靠近寄主,用足抓住寄主,爬在它们身上.它通过节间膜进入寄主,变成蛆状蚴,开始取食.幼虫在寄主体内继续发育,达到足够大小,它们羽化成虫.雌成虫留在寄主体内,仅露出“帽子”(即头胸部),雄虫离开寄主,自由飞翔、雄成虫寿命很短(<12小时),它们积极寻找雌虫,进行交配,发现交配位置在育道口,支配时间约1—2秒钟.雄成虫体长1.33mm;展翅约2.25mm;雌成虫体长1.6—2.6mm,宽0.88—1.35mm;头胸部长0.2mm;育道口宽0.15mm,卵在雌成虫体内形成,而卵母细胞在雌幼虫体内发育.卵长75μm×宽40μm.第1期幼虫(三爪蚴):体长0.2mm;尾须为体长1/3.第Ⅱ期幼虫(蛆伏蚴)足和附肢都退化;第Ⅱ期幼虫分成4个龄期,具口和消化道,蛹属围蛹.卵历期7—8天,而三爪蚴历期仅1天.蛆状蚴(2—5龄)历期10—11天,蛹历期约3—4天,雌成虫历期7—8天.在实验室,每世代历期约20—23天.稻虱跗蝙的寄生作用较低,由于三爪蚴找不到稻虱很快死亡.在浙江1983—1986年调查,稻虱跗蝙对白背稻虱成、若虫寄生率5—7%,灰稻虱的寄生率为2%,褐稻虱为1%.有时白背稻虱的寄生率可达20—40%.     

肾神经在扩张心房时对尿量和尿钠排出的作用

单侧肾去神经的麻醉狗,用乳胶小囊扩张肺静脉-心房连接部,观察到神经完好肾的尿流量与排钠量均显著增加(P<0.01);去神经肾的尿流量仍显著增加(P<0 01),但排钠量无明显变化(P>0.05);两侧肾的肾小球滤过率(GFR)及肾血浆流量(RPF)均保持稳定;神经完好肾的静脉血浆肾素活性(PRA)及血管紧张素Ⅱ水平(PAⅡ)均明显降低,PAⅡ降低的幅度与尿流量增加的幅度无相关(r=-0.2975,P>0.05);与排钠量增加的幅度也无相关(r=-0.2359,P>0.05);去神经肾的PRA和PAⅡ都没有显著变化。说明在刺激心房感受器引起的利尿与尿钠排泄的反应中,肾神经主要促进肾对尿钠的排出。肾神经的这种作用既不是通过改变GFR和RPF,也不是抑制肾素的释放,而可能是由于直接影响肾小管对钠的重吸收。     

康定虫草主要寄主斜脉蝠蛾的研究

冬虫夏草是一味名贵的中药材.四川康定虫草的主要寄主斜脉蝠蛾翅面色斑多变异,可区分成“黑白斑”和“黄毛斑”两大色斑型.经交配试验和成虫形态特征(触角、口器、翅脉、前足、雌雄外生殖器和鳞片的超微结构等)的观察,证明为同一种,经鉴定是斜脉蝠蛾(Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang)^**.     

On the mechanism of pairing of single- and double-stranded DNA molecules by the recA and single-stranded DNA-binding proteins of Escherichia coli

The pairing of single- and double-stranded DNA molecules at homologous sequences promoted by recA and single-stranded DNA-binding proteins of Escherichia coli follows apparent first-order kinetics. The initial rate and first-order rate constant for the reaction are maximal at approximately 1 recA protein/3 and 1 single-stranded DNA-binding protein/8 nucleotides of single-stranded DNA. The initial rate increases with the concentration of duplex DNA; however, the rate constant is independent of duplex DNA concentration. Both the rate constant and extent of reaction increase linearly with increasing length of duplex DNA over the range 366 to 8623 base pairs. In contrast, the rate constant is independent of the size of the circular single-stranded DNA between 6,400 and 10,100 nucleotides. No significant effect on reaction rate is observed when a single-stranded DNA is paired with 477 base pairs of homologous duplex DNA joined to increasing lengths of heterologous DNA (627-2,367 base pairs). Similarly, heterologous T7 DNA has no effect on the rate of pairing. These findings support a mechanism in which a recA protein-single-stranded DNA complex interacts with the duplex DNA to produce an intermediate in which the two DNA molecules are aligned at homologous sequences. Conversion of the intermediate to a paranemic joint then occurs in a rate-determining unimolecular process.