全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8354篇 |
免费 | 922篇 |
国内免费 | 1951篇 |
专业分类
11227篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 46篇 |
2023年 | 173篇 |
2022年 | 318篇 |
2021年 | 471篇 |
2020年 | 387篇 |
2019年 | 492篇 |
2018年 | 416篇 |
2017年 | 337篇 |
2016年 | 351篇 |
2015年 | 539篇 |
2014年 | 679篇 |
2013年 | 684篇 |
2012年 | 817篇 |
2011年 | 721篇 |
2010年 | 552篇 |
2009年 | 459篇 |
2008年 | 539篇 |
2007年 | 472篇 |
2006年 | 435篇 |
2005年 | 385篇 |
2004年 | 372篇 |
2003年 | 349篇 |
2002年 | 314篇 |
2001年 | 172篇 |
2000年 | 165篇 |
1999年 | 139篇 |
1998年 | 87篇 |
1997年 | 89篇 |
1996年 | 64篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 44篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1950年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Semiparametric Regression in Size-Biased Sampling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ying Qing Chen 《Biometrics》2010,66(1):149-158
Summary . Size-biased sampling arises when a positive-valued outcome variable is sampled with selection probability proportional to its size. In this article, we propose a semiparametric linear regression model to analyze size-biased outcomes. In our proposed model, the regression parameters of covariates are of major interest, while the distribution of random errors is unspecified. Under the proposed model, we discover that regression parameters are invariant regardless of size-biased sampling. Following this invariance property, we develop a simple estimation procedure for inferences. Our proposed methods are evaluated in simulation studies and applied to two real data analyses. 相似文献
2.
Intermittent tongue, lip and cheek forces influence precise tooth position, so we here examine the possibility that tissue remodelling driven by functional bite-force-induced jaw-strain accounts for tooth eruption. Notably, although a separate true ‘eruptive force’ is widely assumed, there is little direct evidence for such a force. We constructed a three dimensional finite element model from axial computerized tomography of an 8 year old child mandible containing 12 erupted and 8 unerupted teeth. Tissues modelled included: cortical bone, cancellous bone, soft tissue dental follicle, periodontal ligament, enamel, dentine, pulp and articular cartilage. Strain and hydrostatic stress during incisive and unilateral molar bite force were modelled, with force applied via medial and lateral pterygoid, temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles. Strain was maximal in the soft tissue follicle as opposed to surrounding bone, consistent with follicle as an effective mechanosensor. Initial numerical analysis of dental follicle soft tissue overlying crowns and beneath the roots of unerupted teeth was of volume and hydrostatic stress. To numerically evaluate biological significance of differing hydrostatic stress levels normalized for variable finite element volume, ‘biological response units’ in Nmm were defined and calculated by multiplication of hydrostatic stress and volume for each finite element. Graphical representations revealed similar overall responses for individual teeth regardless if incisive or right molar bite force was studied. There was general compression in the soft tissues over crowns of most unerupted teeth, and general tension in the soft tissues beneath roots. Not conforming to this pattern were the unerupted second molars, which do not erupt at this developmental stage. Data support a new hypothesis for tooth eruption, in which the follicular soft tissues detect bite-force-induced bone-strain, and direct bone remodelling at the inner surface of the surrounding bony crypt, with the effect of enabling tooth eruption into the mouth. 相似文献
3.
云南栉眼蚤属一新种:蚤目:多毛蚤科 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文记述了从滇西北边陲担打力卡山脉采获的栉眼蚤属一新种——解氏栉眼蚤Ctenophthalmus(Sinoctenophthalmux)xiei。本新种与端凹栉眼蚤Ctenophthalmus(S.)parcus Jordan,1932近缘,但可根据其下唇须,可动突、第九腹板和阳茎端侧叶以及第七腹板后缘的形态等特征与后者区分。 相似文献
4.
5.
Time-Dependent Increase in Protein Phosphorylation Following One-Trial Enhancement in Hermissenda 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Abstract: One-trial conditioning of the nudibranch mollusk Hermissenda produces short- and long-term changes in excitability (enhancement) of identified sensory neurons. To investigate the biochemical mechanisms underlying this example of plasticity, we have examined changes in protein phosphorylation at different times following the in vitro conditioning trial. Changes in the incorporation of 32 PO4 into proteins were determined using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, autoradiography, and densitometry. Conditioning resulted in increases in levels of several phosphoproteins, five of which, ranging in apparent molecular mass from 22 to 55 kDa, were chosen for analysis. The increased phosphorylation of the 46- and 55-kDa phosphoproteins detected 2 h postconditioning was significantly greater than the level of phosphorylation detected in an unpaired control group, indicating that long-term enhancement is pairing specific. Statistically significant increases in phosphorylation as compared with the control group that received only light were detected immediately after conditioning (5 min) for the 55-, 46-, and 22-kDa phosphoproteins, at 1 h for the 55- and 46-kDa phosphoproteins, and at 2 h for the 55-, 46-, and 22-kDa phosphoproteins. The 46- and 55-kDa phosphoproteins are putative structural proteins, and the 22-kDa phosphoprotein is proposed to be a protein kinase C substrate previously identified in Hermissenda following multitrial classical conditioning. Time-dependent increases in protein phosphorylation may contribute to the induction and maintenance of different memory stages expressed in sensory neurons after one-trial conditioning. 相似文献
6.
A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone from a Porphyra purpurea (Roth) C. Agardh sporophyte-specific subtracted cDNA library was found to encode a protein similar to serine proteases of the chymotrypsin class. The encoded protein contains a typical signal peptide and is particularly similar to chymotrypsins in the regions surrounding the active site residues and the activation site where cleavage of the propeptide occurs. In addition, the six cysteine residues characteristic of chymotrypsins are conserved. However, two of the three residues of the active site His/Asp/Ser charge relay triad have been replaced, indicating that the protein is unlikely to have peptidase activity. Northern hybridization confirmed that this cDNA is derived from an abundant, sporophyte-specific messenger RNA (mRNA). The presence of signal peptide on the encoded protein and the abundance of its mRNA suggested that this protein might be localized in the cell wall. Consequently, sporophyte cell walls were isolated and a major protein having a molecular weight similar to that estimated for the encoded protein was purified. N-terminal sequence analysis indicated that this cell wall protein is identical to that encoded by the cDNA with the amino terminus of the mature protein beginning at the activation site. This cell wall structural protein appears to have evolved from a chymotrypsin-like progenitor but has been adapted to bind cell wall proteins and/or polysaccharides rather than to cleave proteins. 相似文献
7.
The life cycle of the red alga Porphyra purpurea alternates between two morphologically distinct phases: a shell-boring, filamentous sporophyte and a free-living, foliose gametophyte. From a subtracted cDNA library enriched for sporophyte-specific sequences, we isolated a cDNA encoding an unusual elongation factor 1 (EF-1) that is expressed only in the sporophyte. A second EF-1 gene that is expressed equally in the sporophyte and the gametophyte was isolated from a genomic library. These are the only EF-1 genes detectable in P. purpurea. The constitutively expressed gene encodes and EF-1 very similar to those of most eukaryotes. However, the sporophyte-specific EF-1 is one of the most divergent yet described, with nine insertions or deletions ranging in size from 1 to 26 amino acids. This is the first report of a developmental stage-specific EF-1 outside of the animal kingdom and suggests a fundamental role for EF-1 in the developmental process. 相似文献
8.
汉防己甲素(汉甲)及克矽平(Polyvinylpyridine-N-Oxide,PVNO)是目前较为有效的抑制矽肺纤维化的药物。本文研究了其对胶原mRNA水平的影响.斑点杂交实验表明大鼠接尘60天和120天后α1(Ⅰ)及α1(Ⅲ)mRNA水平明显上升,经汉甲或克矽平治疗1个月或3个月后,胶原mRNA水平明显下降。原位杂交结果表明胶原mR-NA银颗粒与细胞性结节和增厚的肺泡壁的成纤维细胞分布重合。汉甲或克矽平治疗后银颗粒数下降。提示汉甲及克矽平对矽肺进程中的胶原基因表达增强有抑制作用。 相似文献
9.
The red alga Porphyra purpurea (Roth) C. Agardh has a life cycle that alternates between shell-boring, filamentous sporophytes and free-living, foliose gametophytes. The significant morphological differences between these two phases suggest that many genes should be developmentally regulated and expressed in a phase-specific manner. In this study, we prepared and screened subtracted complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries specific for the sporophyte and gametophyte of P. purpurea. This involved the construction of cDNA libraries from each phase, followed by the removal of common clones through subtractive hybridization. Sampling of the subtracted libraries indicated that 8–10% of the recombinant colonies in each library were specific for the appropriate phase. Of 20 putative phase-specific cDNAs selected from each subtracted library, eight unique clones were obtained for the sporophyte and seven for the gametophyte. After confirming their phase-specificities by hybridization to gametophyte and sporophyte messenger RNA, these 15 phase-specific cDNAs were sequenced, and the deduced amino acid sequences were used to search protein databanks. Two proteins encoded by the sporophyte-specific cDNAs and two by the gametophyte-specific cDNAs were identified by their similarity to databank entries. 相似文献
10.