The Isolation and Characterization of Glycosylated Phosphoproteins from Herring Fish Bones

Past studies of bone extracellular matrix phosphoproteins such as osteopontin and bone sialoprotein have yielded important biological information regarding their role in calcification and the regulation of cellular activity. Most of these studies have been limited to proteins extracted from mammalian and avian vertebrates and nonvertebrates. The present work describes the isolation and purification of two major highly glycosylated and phosphorylated extracellular matrix proteins of 70 and 22 kDa from herring fish bones. The 70-kDa phosphoprotein has some characteristics of osteopontin with respect to amino acid composition and susceptibility to thrombin cleavage. Unlike osteopontin, however, it was found to contain high levels of sialic acid similar to bone sialoprotein. The 22-kDa protein has very different properties such as very high content of phosphoserine (∼270 Ser(P) residues/1000 amino acid residues), Ala, and Asx residues. The N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of both the 70-kDa (NPIMA(M)ETTS(M)DSKVNPLL) and the 22-kDa (NQDMAMEASSDPEAA) fish phosphoproteins indicate that these unique amino acid sequences are unlike any published in protein databases. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the 70-kDa phosphoprotein was present principally in bone and in calcified scales, whereas the 22-kDa phosphoprotein was detected only in bone. Immunohistological analysis revealed diffusely positive immunostaining for both the 70- and 22-kDa phosphoproteins throughout the matrix of the bone. Overall, this work adds additional support to the concept that the mechanism of biological calcification has common evolutionary and fundamental bases throughout vertebrate species.     

云南栉眼蚤属一新种：蚤目：多毛蚤科

本文记述了从滇西北边陲担打力卡山脉采获的栉眼蚤属一新种——解氏栉眼蚤Ctenophthalmus(Sinoctenophthalmux)xiei。本新种与端凹栉眼蚤Ctenophthalmus(S.)parcus Jordan,1932近缘,但可根据其下唇须,可动突、第九腹板和阳茎端侧叶以及第七腹板后缘的形态等特征与后者区分。     

苯胺嘧啶衍生物X-9通过下调整合素β1表达抑制肝细胞癌迁移侵袭

整合素在许多肿瘤细胞中高表达,并且参与肿瘤细胞的侵袭转移。在肝细胞癌中,整合素β1被报导高表达,并促进肿瘤细胞的侵袭。目前,对于整合素的表达调控癌细胞机制以及干预其表达进而抑制肿瘤细胞转移的研究较少。本研究探讨利用小分子化合物抑制整合素表达来抑制肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭的可能。首先,对临床肝癌细胞患者癌组织和癌旁组织中的整合素β1的表达进行检测,发现其在癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织（P<0.05）。对TCGA肿瘤数据库的生物信息学分析结果同样显示,整合素β1的高表达与肝癌的分期（P=0.019）和预后（P=0.013）相关。通过筛选发现,苯胺嘧啶衍生物X09可以抑制肝癌细胞中整合素β1的mRNA和蛋白质的表达（P<0.01）。细胞划痕愈合实验和细胞穿孔实验结果显示,苯胺嘧啶衍生物X-9能够抑制肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭（P<0.01）。进一步的研究证实,在肝癌细胞中外源表达整合素β1可以逆转X-9对肝癌细胞迁移和侵袭的抑制;而在敲低整合素β1的细胞中,X-9对细胞的迁移和侵袭的抑制被消除。因此,鉴定出苯胺嘧啶衍生物X-9可以通过下调整合素β1表达,进而抑制肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭。     

大熊猫与金黄地鼠体外异种受精的研究

在大熊猫精子与地鼠卵的体外异种受精中,发现大熊猫精子穿入地鼠卵后可以激活受精卵产生极区,释放第二极体,受精卵内雌性原核形成。与此同时,地鼠卵的胞质也能促使大熊猫精子头发育成雄性原核,异种精卵间的相互作用与同种受精的相似。 细胞松弛素B能阻抑大熊猫雄性原核从地鼠卵皮层迁移到卵的中央,实验表明大熊猫雄性原核的迁移也受异种卵的微丝的控制。     

武陵山地区的淡水软体动物

1988—1989年在我国西南武陵山地区对乌江、清江、澧水及沅江四大水系进行了资源考察。共采集到标本53种,隶属2纲12科27属,其中腹足纲41种,瓣鳃纲12种,内有7个新种(另外发表)。淡水软体动物的区系组成以东洋界种类占优势,有29种,占总数的54.8％;种类组成以沅江水系最多,有44种,其中22种仅采于沅江。田螺属(Viviparus Montfort,1810)的种类首次在东洋界境内被发现。文章对淡水软体动物的资源作了评价,并对寄生虫媒介贝类进行了叙述。     

几种哺乳动物精子顶体膜囊泡形成的研究

在猪、绵羊、地鼠这几种哺乳动物的精子体外获能后,在顶体反应的超显微结构中观察到:精子顶体膜囊泡化呈现多种形态,但囊泡都是由精子顶体的双层外膜多位点自我融合而形成的,质膜并不参与囊泡化,这一结果与前人报道的不同。     

Potential for host range expansion in Ceratitis capitata flies: impact of proximity of adult food to egg-laying sites

Abstract.

• 1 In field cage and field tests, female Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), in trees alighted in significantly greater numbers upon sticky-coated (non-odour-emitting) kumquats, Fortunella japonica, that were in the vicinity of odorous natural proteinaceous food (bird faeces) or synthetic food odour than on similar kumquats distant from bird faeces or synthetic food odour.
• 2 In field cage tests, oviposition in non-sticky kumquats nearby bird faeces was significantly greater than in non-sticky kumquats distant from bird faeces.
• 3 In field tests, medflies laid significantly more eggs in host kumquat and non-host hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, fruit adjacent to bird faeces and synthetic food odour than in fruit of these types distant from food-type stimuli.
• 4 These findings suggest that odour of natural food of medflies could lure flies to plants whose fruit emit little or no attractive odour and are not permanent hosts but which are nonetheless susceptible to egg-laying and larval development, resulting in temporary expansion of host range.

     

利用标记基因选配褐壳蛋鸡配套杂交亲本

应用本实验室研制的抗鸡红细胞抗原单价血清(4个位点, 14个等位基因)和DNA指纹技术,对我们组配成功的一个褐壳蛋鸡配套系统的5个亲本进行了群体遗传学分析。结果表明,由标记基因测定所提供的亲本品系遗传差异的大小, 与这些品系实际杂交效果的优劣相一致,证实了标记辅助选种方法有的效性。     

浒苔多糖的分离、纯化和分析

浒苔（Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｍｏｒｐｈａｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａ）经热水提取,Ｓｅｖａｇｅ法除去蛋白质,用乙醇沉淀,ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００柱层析,得浒苔多糖（简称ＥＰ）精制品。经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００柱层析鉴定为单一对称性洗脱峰。红外光谱分析具有多糖特征吸收峰,紫外光谱分析未见有核酸和蛋白质的特征吸收峰。总糖含量为８８．８％,其中糖醛酸含量为３３．６％。单糖组成为Ｌ－阿拉伯糖、Ｌ－岩藻糖、Ｄ－甘露糖、Ｄ－半乳糖及Ｄ－葡萄糖,平均分子量为２５０００。     

p62蛋白的分子功能及其在疾病中的研究进展

螯合体1(SQSTM1/p62)是一种选择性自噬接头蛋白,在清除待降解蛋白、维持细胞内蛋白质稳态中发挥重要的调控作用。p62蛋白具有多个功能结构域,介导与多种蛋白质发生相互作用进而精确调节特定的信号通路,从而将p62蛋白与氧化防御系统、炎症反应和营养感知等重要生命过程联系起来。研究表明p62的突变或者表达异常与多种疾病的发生发展过程密切相关,包括神经退行性疾病、肿瘤、感染性疾病、遗传性疾病以及慢性疾病等。本文综述了p62蛋白的结构特征、分子功能,并系统介绍其在蛋白质稳态和信号通路调控中的多种功能,总结了p62在疾病发生发展中的复杂性与多面性,以期为p62蛋白的功能与相关疾病研究提供参考。