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1.
Seda Karasu Yalçin Zekiye Yeşim Özbaş 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2005,21(6-7):1303-1310
Summary Glycerol has been known as an important by-product of wine fermentations improving the sensory quality of wine. This study
was carried out with an endogenic wine yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kalecik 1. The kinetics of growth and glycerol biosynthesis were analysed at various initial concentrations of glucose, fructose,
and sucrose in a batch system. Depending on the determined values of Monod constants, glucose (Ks = 28.09 g/l) was found as the most suitable substrate for the yeast growth. Initial glucose, fructose and sucrose concentrations
necessary for maximum specific yeast growth rate were determined as 175 g, 100 l, and 200 g/l, respectively. The yeast produced
glycerol at very high concentrations in fructose medium. Fructose was determined as the most suitable substrate for glycerol
production while the strain showed low tendency to use it for growth. S. cerevisiae Kalecik 1 could not produce glycerol below 200 g/l initial sucrose concentration. When natural white grape juice was used
as fermentation medium, maximum glycerol concentration and dry weight of the yeast were determined as 9.3 g/l and 11.8 g/l,
respectively. 相似文献
2.
Stewart JB Freyer C Elson JL Wredenberg A Cansu Z Trifunovic A Larsson NG 《PLoS biology》2008,6(1):e10
There is an intense debate concerning whether selection or demographics has been most important in shaping the sequence variation observed in modern human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Purifying selection is thought to be important in shaping mtDNA sequence evolution, but the strength of this selection has been debated, mainly due to the threshold effect of pathogenic mtDNA mutations and an observed excess of new mtDNA mutations in human population data. We experimentally addressed this issue by studying the maternal transmission of random mtDNA mutations in mtDNA mutator mice expressing a proofreading-deficient mitochondrial DNA polymerase. We report a rapid and strong elimination of nonsynonymous changes in protein-coding genes; the hallmark of purifying selection. There are striking similarities between the mutational patterns in our experimental mouse system and human mtDNA polymorphisms. These data show strong purifying selection against mutations within mtDNA protein-coding genes. To our knowledge, our study presents the first direct experimental observations of the fate of random mtDNA mutations in the mammalian germ line and demonstrates the importance of purifying selection in shaping mitochondrial sequence diversity. 相似文献
3.
Chromium(VI) removal and its association with exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in cyanobacteria were investigated. Synechocystis sp. BASO670 produced higher EPS (548 mg L−1) than Synechocystis sp. BASO672 (356 mg L−1). While the EC50 of the Cr(VI) for Synechocystis sp. BASO670 and Synechocystis sp. BASO672 were determined as 11.5 mg L−1, and 2.0 mg L−1, respectively, there was no relation between Cr(VI) removal and EPS production. Synechocystis sp. BASO672, which has higher EPS value, removed (33%) more Cr(VI) than Synechocystis sp. BASO670. Monomer compositions of EPS of each of the isolates were determined differently. Synechocystis sp. BASO672 which removed higher Cr(VI), had higher values of uronic acid and glucuronic acid (192 μg/mg and 89%, respectively). Our results showed that EPS might play a role in Cr(VI) tolerance. Monomer composition, especially uronic acid and glucuronic acid content of EPS may have enhanced Cr(VI) removal. 相似文献
4.
Aydin S Dag E Ozkan Y Arslan O Koc G Bek S Kirbas S Kasikci T Abasli D Gokcil Z Odabasi Z Catak Z 《Peptides》2011,32(6):1276-1280
A relationship between hormones and seizures has been reported in animals and humans. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of prolactin, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin measured different times after a seizure or non-epileptic event and compared with controls. The study included a total of 70 subjects, and of whom 18 patients had secondary generalized epilepsy (SGE), 16 patients had primary generalized epilepsy (PGE), 16 patients exhibited paroxysmal event (psychogenic) and 20 healthy males were control subjects. The first sample was taken within 5 min of a seizure, with further samples taken after 1, 24, and 48 h so long as the patient did not exhibit further clinically observable seizures; blood samples were taken once from control subjects. Prolactin was measured immediately using TOSOH Bioscience hormone assays. Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin peptides were measured using a commercial immunoassay kit. Patients suffering from focal epilepsy with secondary generalization and primary generalized epilepsy presented with significantly higher levels of serum prolactin and nesfatin-1 and lower ghrelin levels 5 min, 1 and 24 h after a seizure than patients presenting with paroxysmal events (psychogenic) and control subjects; the data were similar but not statistically significant after 48 h. The present study suggests that increased serum prolactin and nesfatin-1 concentrations, decreased ghrelin concentrations could be used as markers to identify patients that have suffered a recent epileptic seizure or other paroxysmal event (psychogenic). 相似文献
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6.
The morphology of the spermatheca and eggs of Odontotarsus purpureolineatus were studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The spherical eggs were about 1.35 mm long and 1.09
mm wide. The egg batches generally consist of 13–14 eggs. The egg surface is covered by polygonal (hexagonal and pentagonal
shapes prevail) ridges and tiny chorionic tubercles. There were 8–10 aero-micropylar processes between the polygons. The spermatheca
of O. purpureolineatus is characterized by a spherical spermathecal bulb, a pumping region, a flange of pump and dilation of spermathecal duct.
Spermathecal processes and a median spermathecal dilation with sclerotized rod are missing. The spermathecal bulb and the
pumping region possess many pores. 相似文献
7.
Serpil Kiliç Yayla Zekiye Kocakaya Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak Selen İlgün Ahmet Ceylan 《化学与生物多样性》2023,20(1):e202200816
The present study is focused on the antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and DNA protective effects of methanol extract obtained from R. digitellata, R. fastigiata, R. fraxinea, and R. polymorpha species that are distributed in Turkey. The highest total phenol content was determined in R. digitellata (144.6 mgGAE/gextract), and the highest total amount of flavonoids was found in R. fastigiata (20.40 mgGAE/gextract). The content of usnic acid was determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the highest amount was found in R. digitellata. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzathiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging methods were used for antioxidant activity. R. fraxinea showed the highest DPPH⋅ and ABTS+⋅ scavenging activity. In addition, the DNA protective effect was investigated using pBR322 plasmid DNA, and; all studied species were found to have DNA protective effects. The antibacterial activity was investigated using the disc diffusion method, and the R. digitellata methanol extract showed the best results with a 12.35 mm zone on Proteus mirabilis. On the human lung cancer (A549) and breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines, cytotoxic activity was assessed using an MTT assay. All lichen extracts were found to have a significant cytotoxic effect on both cancer cell lines at 1000 μg/mL concentration. These results suggest that Ramalina species may be potential candidates for developing new phytopharmaceuticals and functional components. 相似文献
8.
This study was carried out to elucidate the role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) in preeclampsia development, and to investigate the effect of L-arginine supplementation in rats. Preeclampsia was induced in pregnant rats using a stress model. L-arginine was administered orally and ADMA, urinary nitrate, and protein levels were measured on the 20th day of pregnancy. Compared with the group of rats that are normally pregnant, the levels of blood pressure (BP), protein excretion, and ADMA were significantly increased in preeclampsia which returned to normal levels following the supplementation of L-arginine. Both group of rats had similar urine nitrate levels. Arginine-ADMA-NO pathway is affected in preeclampsia. L-arginine supplementation decreased hypertension (HT), proteinuria, and ADMA levels indicating that taking L-arginine may be beneficial in preeclampsia treatment. 相似文献
9.
In this study effects of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) on Malpighian tubule cells of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) larvae was investigated by electron microscopy. 3 mg/l Btk was given with food. After Btk administration, the Malpighian tubule cells were investigated and compared with a control group. 3 and 6 hrs after Btk administration swelling in Malpighian tubule cells was observed. Swelling of mitochondria and separation of their cristae was seen after 12 hrs. After 24 hrs dissolution of the basal cytoplasm, swelling and vacuolization of all mitochondria, partial dissolution of the nucleoplasm, and swelling and separation ofmicrovilli was documented. A membrane-body in the nucleus was seen after 48 hrs. The nucleoplasm was completely dissolved after 72 hrs and after 96 hrs large vacuoles appeared in the cytoplasm and shortening of microvilli was observed. 相似文献
10.
Altun Zekiye Sultan Güneş Dilek Aktaş Safiye Erbayraktar Zübeyde Olgun Nur 《Neurochemical research》2010,35(4):679-679
Neurochemical Research - 相似文献