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Anonh Xeuatvongsa Sara Mirza Christian Winter Keith Feldon Phengta Vongphrachanh Darouny Phonekeo Justin Denny Viengphone Khanthamaly Bounheuang Kounnavong Doualy Lylianou Sisouphane Phousavath Sisouveth Norasingh Nao Boutta Sonja Olsen Joseph Bresee Ann Moen Andrew Corwin 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
The Lao PDR, as did most countries of the Mekong Region, embarked on a pandemic vaccine initiative to counter the threat posed by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Overall, estimated vaccine coverage of the Lao population was 14%, with uptake in targeted health care workers and pregnant women 99% and 41%, respectively. Adverse Events Following Immunization accounted for only 6% of survey driven, reported vaccination experiences, with no severe consequences or deaths. Public acceptability of the vaccine campaign was high (98%). Challenges to vaccine deployment included: 1) no previous experience in fielding a seasonal influenza vaccine, 2) safety and efficacy concerns, and 3) late arrival of vaccine 10 months into the pandemic. The Lao success in surmounting these hurdles was in large measure attributed to the oversight assigned the National Immunization Program, and national sensitivities in responding to the avian influenza A(H5N1) crisis in the years leading up to the pandemic. The Lao “lessons learned” from pandemic vaccine deployment are made even more relevant four years on, given the many avian influenza strains circulating in the region, all with pandemic potential. 相似文献
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Sihavong A Lundborg CS Syhakhang L Kounnavong S Wahlström R Freudenthal S 《Journal of biosocial science》2011,43(3):285-303
Creating community awareness of reproductive tract infections (RTI), including sexually transmitted infections (STI), and how to prevent them is essential to minimize their spread. Data on people's views about RTI/STI are entirely lacking in Laos. The aim of this study was thus to explore people's perceptions, treatment-seeking behaviour and understanding of information about RTI/STI, in urban and rural communities in two provinces in Laos. Fourteen focus group discussions and 20 in-depth interviews were held with 76 women and 56 men, selected purposively to provide diversity of socio-demographic backgrounds. Qualitative content analysis was employed for the data analysis. The major finding was that both male and female participants had a variety of misconceptions about the causes and symptoms of RTI/STI and their cure, and a reluctance to seek health care, which could cause delay in appropriate diagnosis and treatment. The most common treatment-seeking behaviour was self-medication through private pharmacies, following advice mostly given by friends and drug sellers. The main reasons for not going to health facilities were fear of social discrimination or shyness of genital examination. Complaints were also made about clinicians' negative attitudes towards 'dirty disease'. Although condom use was mentioned as a way to prevent RTI/STI, an unwillingness to use condoms was commonly expressed. The main media sources of RTI/STI information were radio and television, and access to health information was more difficult in rural areas. The health messages provided were mostly understood, except for some technical terms. The findings indicate that strengthening health education and promotion through interventions at the community level is recommended to improve quality of RTI/STI management. Health education messages should be more accessible in rural areas. There is also an urgent need to improve communication between RTI/STI patients and clinicians. 相似文献
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Yuki Mizuno Yohei Inaba Hiroaki Masuoka Mihoko Kibe Satoko Kosaka Kazumi Natsuhara Kazuhiro Hirayama Nouhak Inthavong Sengchanh Kounnavong Shinsuke Tomita Masahiro Umezaki 《American journal of physical anthropology》2023,181(3):352-363
Objectives
To explore the impact of modernization on oxidative stress during a momentous health transition process, we investigated differences in oxidative stress among the indigenous populations of villages in northern Laos with different levels of modernization.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 380 adults in three villages with different levels of modernization. Three biomarkers related to oxidative stress were measured: urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostane concentrations (both measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry), and blood telomere length (measured with qPCR). We examined associations between village-level modernization and oxidative stress-related biomarkers in a multilevel analysis including a random effect and covariates.Results
The geometric means of urinary 8-OHdG and 8-isoprostane concentrations were 2.92 and 0.700 μg/g creatinine, respectively, in our study population. Higher urinary 8-OHdG concentrations and shorter telomeres were observed in participants from the more modernized villages, whereas urinary 8-isoprostane concentrations did not differ significantly among villages.Conclusions
Our findings imply that modernization-induced changes in lifestyle may increase oxidative DNA damage. Baseline levels of oxidative lipid damage are expected to be high in the indigenous populations of northern Laos. Assessments of oxidative stress may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of health transition in specific populations. 相似文献
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