全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2425篇 |
免费 | 158篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 57篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 33篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 79篇 |
2015年 | 103篇 |
2014年 | 134篇 |
2013年 | 144篇 |
2012年 | 212篇 |
2011年 | 182篇 |
2010年 | 135篇 |
2009年 | 124篇 |
2008年 | 144篇 |
2007年 | 137篇 |
2006年 | 117篇 |
2005年 | 114篇 |
2004年 | 112篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 48篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1948年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2585条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Marco Filice Marzia Marciello Lorena Betancor Alfonso V. Carrascosa Jose M. Guisan Gloria Fernandez‐Lorente 《Biotechnology progress》2011,27(4):961-968
Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) is greatly hyperactivated (around 20‐ to 25‐fold toward small substrates) in the presence of sucrose laurate. Hyperactivation appears to be an intramolecular process because it is very similar for soluble enzymes and covalently immobilized derivatives. The hyperactivated enzyme was immobilized (in the presence of sucrose laurate) on cyanogen bromide‐activated Sepharose (very mild covalent immobilization through the amino terminal residue), on glyoxyl Sepharose (intense multipoint covalent immobilization through the region with the highest amount of Lys residues), and on different anion exchangers (by multipoint anionic exchange through the region with the highest density of negative charges). Covalent immobilization does not promote the fixation of the hyperactivated enzyme, but immobilization on Sepharose Q retains the hyperactivated enzyme even in the absence of a detergent. The hydrolysis of fish oils by these hyperactivated enzyme derivatives was sevenfold faster than by covalently immobilized derivatives and three and a half times faster than by the enzyme hyperactivated on octyl‐Sepharose. The open structure of the hyperactivated lipase is fairly exposed to the medium, and no steric hindrance should interfere with the hydrolysis of large substrates. These new hyperactivated derivatives seem to be more suitable for hydrolysis of oils by RML immobilized inside porous supports. In addition, the hyperactivated derivatives are fairly stable against heat and organic cosolvents. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011 相似文献
2.
3.
Elena C. Guzman Alfonso Jimenez-Sanchez Elisha Orr Robert H. Pritchard 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1988,212(2):203-206
Summary A temperature shift-up accompanied by a reduction in RNA polymerase activity in Escherichia coli causes an increased rate of initiation leading to a 1.7- to 2.2-fold increase in chromosome copy number. A temperature shift-up without a reduction in polymerase activity induces only a transient non-scheduled initiation of chromosome replication caused by heat shock with no detectable effect on chromosome copy number. 相似文献
4.
Sergio Davinelli Mariano Intrieri Claudio Russo Alfonso Di Costanzo Davide Zella Paolo Bosco Giovanni Scapagnini 《Immunity & ageing : I & A》2011,8(1):1-10
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder which involves multiple molecular mechanisms. Intense research during the last years has accumulated a large body of data and the search for sensitive and specific biomarkers has undergone a rapid evolution. However, the diagnosis remains problematic and the current tests do not accurately detect the process leading to neurodegeneration. Biomarkers discovery and validation are considered the key aspects to support clinical diagnosis and provide discriminatory power between different stages of the disorder. A considerable challenge is to integrate different types of data from new potent approach to reach a common interpretation and replicate the findings across studies and populations. Furthermore, long-term clinical follow-up and combined analysis of several biomarkers are among the most promising perspectives to diagnose and manage the disease. The present review will focus on the recent published data providing an updated overview of the main achievements in the genetic and biochemical research of the Alzheimer's disease. We also discuss the latest and most significant results that will help to define a specific disease signature whose validity might be clinically relevant for future AD diagnosis. 相似文献
5.
Biotransformation of mercury by bacteria isolated from a river collecting cinnabar mine waters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
One hundred six strains of aerobic bacteria were isolated from the Fiora River which drains an area of cinnabar deposits in southern Tuscany, Italy. Thirty-seven of the strains grew on an agar medium containing 10g/ml Hg (as HgCl2) with all of these strains producing elemental mercury. Seven of the 37 strains also degraded methylmercury. None of 106 sensitive and resistant strains produced detectable monomethylmercury although 15 strains produced a benzene-soluble mercury species. Two strains of alkylmercury (methyl-, ethyl- and phenylmercury) degrading bacteria were tested for the ability to degrade several other analogous organometals and organic compounds, but no activity was detected toward these compounds. Mercury methylation is not a mechanism of Hg resistance in aerobic bacteria from this environment. Growth of bacteria on the agar medium containing 10g/ml HgCl2 was diagnostic for Hg detoxification based on reduction. 相似文献
6.
Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in culture liquid and mycelial extract during autolysis were studied in seven fungi of the general Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina and Zygomycotina. High activities of extracellular and mycelial extract acid phosphatase and lower activities of alkaline phosphatase were found in Ascomycotina, and acid phosphatase was present in Basidiomycotina. In Zygomycotina only mycelial extract alkaline phosphatase activity was detected. A correlation between degree of autolysis, pH and acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated. 相似文献
7.
To investigate the mechanism by which the purified Xenopus tRNA splicing endonuclease recognizes its splice sites, we utilized yeast pre-tRNA(3Leu) and pre-tRNA(Phe) variants constructed by in vitro mutagenesis. We found that the endonuclease interacts with conserved features of the mature tRNA domain. In particular, U8 and C56 may be examples of contact points between protein and RNA. Given that there are no conserved sequences at the splice junctions, the specificity of cutting at both splice sites is determined by the length of the anticodon stem. Although in general, the sequence of the intron is unimportant for splicing, there are some structural requirements. 相似文献
8.
Physiological and biochemical studies on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 for its biocontrol by nonpathogenic fungi 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract The self-degradation of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 ( F. oxysporum l. 2), which reached an autolysis degree of 72% after 60 days of incubation in stationary culture, occurred principally during the first 14 days of incubation, when considerable β-(1,3)-glucanase, pectinase, xylanase and chitinase activities were detected in the culture fluids. The levels of β-(1,3)-glucanase, pectinase, cellulase, chitinase and xylanase activities increased in the culture fluids of this fungus, when the culture medium was supplemented with different inducers. The vegetable juice (V8) that contained tomato juice, was the best inducer for most of these activities. Chitosan, glucosamine oligomers and Mucor rouxii mycelium extract were found to have an inhibitory effect on F. oxysporum l. 2 growth. When incubating cell walls from young mycelia of F. oxysporum l. 2 with enzymic precipitates obtained from autolyzed cultures of Mucor rouxii, Aspergillus nidulans, Penicillin oxalicum and Penicillium purpurogenum , degradations of 45%, 22%, 21% and 12%, respectively, were detected. 相似文献
9.
The isolation of eucannabinolide and three new sesquiterpene lactones from Schkuhria anthemoidea is reported. The structures and stereochemistries of the new compounds were established by chemical and spectroscopic means. The structure of santhemoidin B was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. 相似文献
10.
Dr. Alfonso Ruiz-Bravo María Jimenez-Valera Gerardo Alvarez de Cienfuegos Khalil Kouwatli Alberto Ramos-Cormenzana 《Current microbiology》1986,13(6):313-316
Twelve strains ofYersinia enterocolitica were examined for their ability to bind spontaneously to murine leukocytes. Each of eight HeLa cell invasive strains exhibited nonselective binding to peritoneal leukocytes, lymph node leukocytes, and thymocytes, whereas four noninvasive strains lacked binding properties. Like the HeLa cell invasion, the binding ofY. enterocolitica to leukocytes was much less efficient for bacteria grown at 37°C than for bacteria grown at 22°C. The binding properties were not influenced by the virulence plasmid that codes for Vwa+ phenotype. This leukocyte binding test is proposed as a simple assay for invasive properties ofY. enterocolitica. 相似文献