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1.
Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Growth in the Primary Root of Cotton Seedlings: Effects of NaCl and CaCl2 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Seedlings of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Acala SJ-2) weregrown in modified Hoagland nutrient solution with various combinationsof NaCl and CaCl2. Marking experiments and numerical analysiswere conducted to characterize the spatial and temporal patternsof cotton root growth at varied Na/Ca ratios. At 1 mol m3Ca, 150 mol m3 NaCl reduced overall root elongation rateto 60% of the control, while increasing Ca to 10 mol m3at the same NaCl concentration restored the elongation rateto 80% of the control. Analysis of the spatial distributionof elongation revealed that the presence of 150 mol m3NaCl in the medium shortened the growth zone by about 2 mm fromthe approximate 10 mm in the control and also reduced the relativeelemental elongation rate (i.e. the longitudinal strain rate,defined as the derivatives of displacement velocity of a cellularparticle with respect to position on root axis). Supply of 10mol m3 Ca at the high salt condition restored partiallythe relative elemental elongation rate, but not the length ofthe growth zone. Compared to the control, the growth trajectoriesshowed that at 1 mol m3 CaCl2 it took more time for acellular particle to move through the growth zone at 150 molm3 NaCl, while at 10 mol m3 CaCl it took lesstime and there was no difference between the NaCl treatments Key words: Gossypium hirsutum, salinity stress, root growth kinematics 相似文献
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HIROMI TAKIZAWA EMILE VIVIER ANDRE PETITPREZ 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1975,22(3):359-368
RESUME. La Microsporidie Nosema bombycis, Protozoaire parasite agent de la pébrine du ver à soie, a étéétudiée cytochimiquement à la fois en microscopie photonique et électronique. Les examens ont porté sur la détection et la localisation des acides nucléiques (ADN et ARN), des polysaccharides, de la phosphatase acide, au cours des différents stades du développement dans les cellules de I'hôte (du schizonte à la spore). Les principaux résultats concernent les observations relatives aux polysaccharides et à la phosphatase qui ne sont détectés qu'au stade de la spore et ne sont pas observés au stade du schizonte. Les polysaccharides sont présents au niveau du sac polaire, du filament polaire et sur la membrane cytoplasmique; la phosphatase acide est localisée au niveau du sac polaire, du filament polaire et dans la vacuole postérieure. SYNOPSIS. Nosema bombycis, agent of pebrine disease of silkworm, was studied cytochemically, using both light and electron microscopy. Presence of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), polysaccharides, and acid phosphatases was demonstrated and localization of these substances was determined in various stages of the parasite (from the schizont to the spore). DNA and RNA were detected in all these stages. Polysaccharides and acid phosphatase were found in the spore but not in the schizogonic stages. Polysaccharides were detected in the polar cap, the polar filament, and the limiting membrane of the cytoplasm of the spore. Acid phosphatase was found in the polar cap, the polar filament, and the posterior vacuole. 相似文献
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An early winged crown group stick insect from the Early Eocene amber of France (Insecta,Phasmatodea)
ANDRÉ NEL EMMANUEL DELFOSSE TONY ROBILLARD JULIAN F. PETRULEVIČIUS 《Systematic Entomology》2010,35(2):340-346
The new stick insect family Gallophasmatidae, based on Gallophasma longipalpis gen. et sp.n. , from the Earliest Eocene French amber has a pattern of tegmina venation typical of Archaeorthoptera, also present in at least some Mesozoic ‘Phasmatodea’. On the other hand, Gallophasma displays in its body anatomy some apomorphies of the extant Euphasmatodea, e.g. fusion of metatergum and abdominal tergum 1, correlated with the reduction of abdominal sternum 1 to lateral triangular sclerites. A unique autapomorphy of Gallophasma is the presence of annulated and apparently multi‐segmented or pseudo‐segmented cerci; all other Phasmatodea have one‐segmented cerci. The venation of the tegmina of Gallophasma differs from that of extant winged Phasmatodea in the plesiomorphic absence of a knob‐like dorsal eversion. This and other differences in the wing venation between extant and extinct Phasmatodea might have been caused by the loss of wings at some point in the evolutionary history of the order and their secondary gain in a subclade of the extant phasmids. 相似文献
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Plant endemism in two forests in southern Bahia, Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WM. WAYT THOMAS ANDRE´ M. V. DE CARVALHO ANDRE´ M. A. AMORIM JUDITH GARRISON ALBA L. ARBELA´EZ 《Biodiversity and Conservation》1998,7(3):311-322
An important factor in determining species rarity is the geographic distribution of species. Estimates were made of the level of endemism of the flora of two sites in the southern Bahian wet forest zone. Estimates were made for endemism in the Atlantic forest biome and for the much more restricted area of southern Bahia and northern Espi´rito Santo and are derived from analyses of the distributions of the species known from each area. The species checklist for each area is based on identified specimens resulting from intensive collecting in a forest near Serra Grande (40km north of Ilhe´us) and the Una Biological Reserve (40km south of Ilhe´us). Slightly less than half of the species (45.2% at Una and 47.7% at Serra Grande) have widespread distributions and 7.4% at each site are disjunct between the coastal forests and Amazonia. In the Una Reserve, 44.1% of the species are endemic to the coastal forest and 28.1% endemic to southern Bahia and northern Espi´rito Santo. At Serra Grande, 41.6% of the species are endemic to the coastal forest and 26.5% endemic to southern Bahia and northern Espi´rito Santo. 相似文献
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The functional morphology of the Thraciidae is poorly understood.Although some morphological aspects of several members havebeen described, only Trigonothracia jinxingae from Chinese watersis known in detail. Thracia meridionalis is the only representativeof the family in Antarctic waters, and is common in AdmiraltyBay, King George Island, where it inhabits muddy sediments.Thracia meridionalis shares many features with Tr. jinxingaethat are typical of most Anomalodesmata, i.e. a secondary ligamentof thickened periostracum, extensively fused mantle margins,ctenidia of type E, a ctenidial-labial palp junction of categoryIII, a stomach of type IV and simultaneous hermaphroditism.Thracia meridionalis is, however, strikingly different fromTr. jinxingae in a number of ways, such as the presence of afourth pallial aperture, statocysts of type B3, heterorhabdicctenidia, direct communication between the mantle chambers,a deep-burrowing habit (individuals lying on the left shellvalve), siphons that retract into mucus-lined burrows, a stomachwith extensive sorting areas, a rectum which passes over thekidneys and separate male and female gonadial apertures. Thereis, therefore, a greater range of morphological diversity withinthe Thraciidae than previously suspected. (Received 27 April 2004; accepted 30 November 2004) 相似文献
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