The Effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on Halitosis: a Double-Blind,Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

This study was to evaluate the effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on tongue coating–associated halitosis. Twenty-eight subjects having tongue coating–associated halitosis were randomly divided into either a test or control group. For each of the 30 days, the test subjects sucked S. salivarius K12 tablet while the control subjects sucked placebo tablets. All the subjects did not take physical (tongue scraping) and chemical (antiseptic mouth-rinse) oral cavity pretreatment prior to use of the tablets. At baseline, and on the 1st, 7th, and 14th day after completing the course of tablets, the subjects were assessed for their organoleptic test (OLT) scores, volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels, and tongue coating scores (TCS). During the course, all subjects kept their routine oral care habits without scraping their tongue coating. Plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding index were recorded at baseline and at the completion of the trial. On the 1st day following the end of tablet use, the OLT scores and VSC levels had significantly decreased in the test group when compared with the baseline values (P = 0.001 and P = 0.012). The TCS in the test group were also significantly decreased (P = 0.05). At days 7 and 14, the OLT scores in the test group were still significantly lower than the baseline levels (P = 0.006 and P = 0.039 respectively). However, there were no statistical differences with OLT, VSC, and TCS between the test group and the placebo group by analysis of multi-level regression model. The use of S. salivarius K12 did not have significant effect on halitosis with tongue coating cause when the tongue coating was not physically or chemically pre-treated, which implies removing tongue coating is required before Streptococcus salivarius K12 use.

     

ATAC-seq在复杂疾病研究中的应用进展

染色质转座酶可及性测序(assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing,ATAC-seq)是利用Tn5转座酶研究染色质可及性的高通量测序技术。ATAC-seq可以在全基因组范围内绘制染色质可及性图谱,揭示转录因子结合位点以及核小体的位置。在医学领域,ATAC-seq技术是研究重大疾病发病机制、药物作用机制、新药研发和生物标志物功能等的新一代有力工具。本文对ATAC-seq技术的优势及其在复杂疾病研究中的应用和前景进行了综述,以期为人类复杂疾病基因表达调控机制等相关研究的开展提供借鉴与参考。     

皂荚半乳甘露聚糖胶分级醇沉及表征

使用不同浓度乙醇和异丙醇分别对皂荚半乳甘露聚糖胶水溶液进行分级沉降,沉淀物用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)等进行表征.结果表明,异丙醇可在较小浓度下更快沉降皂荚多糖胶,当异丙醇溶液浓度为28.6％ (V/V)时,沉淀物中半乳甘露聚糖浓度达到12.50％(w/w);随着醇浓度上升,沉降组分半乳甘露聚糖得率呈增加趋势,且在后期增加幅度最大,多糖最高得率可达80％,纯化后皂荚多糖胶(GSG)表现出较高的甘露糖/半乳糖(M/G)之比值,在异丙醇沉降中表现更加明显(低浓度的异丙醇达到最高的M/G =4.1);低浓度醇沉主要得到大分子组分,随乙醇浓度增加组分分子量明显降低,多糖胶更加均匀,而在异丙醇沉降后期均一性有所下降.     

高沥水性钝顶螺旋藻新品系的选育及超微结构与RAPD分析

[目的]选育高沥水性的螺旋藻新品系,显著降低藻粉生产中干燥的能耗。[方法]以用于工厂化培植的钝顶螺旋藻ZJU0115为出发品系,用组织匀浆-离心沉降法制得其原生质球,并先以0.6%EMS处理30 min再用2.4 kGy的~(60)Coγ射线辐照,经含0.02%黄原胶(xanthan gum)的Zarrouk's培养液筛选、藻丝单体分离培养、藻泥持水率和胞外多糖(EPS)等检测及生产培植试验。[结果]获得了一株产量、蛋白质和多糖含量与ZJU0115相当,而藻泥持水率和EPS含量分别下降5.9%和29.7%的突变体,命名为ZJU0115(HD)。超微结构与随机扩增多态性DNA标记(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)分析结果显示,与其亲本ZJU0115相比,ZJU0115(HD)藻丝表面更光滑,可能为酸性多糖的乳白状粘附物也更少;ZJU0115(HD)细胞内的多磷酸盐颗粒显著变小且呈弥散状;基因组DNA在随机引物S90的扩增产物中显示出多态性差异。[结论]ZJU0115(HD)在工厂化培植中生产性状好、高沥水性能稳定,藻泥的干燥能耗降低了近50%,它的育成与应用,有助于推进当前螺旋藻产业迈向高效、节能、绿色、环保发展的新阶段。     

Determination of rutin by flow injection chemiluminescence method using the reaction of luminol and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) with the aid of response surface methodology

A novel flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of rutin was reported. The proposed method was based on the enhanced effect of rutin on the chemiluminescence intensity of luminol and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) reaction in NaOH medium. The variables of reaction system, such as luminol concentration, potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) concentration and NaOH concentration, were optimized with the aid of response surface methodology. For the responses prediction, a second‐order polynomial model (SOPM) was applied. The optimal conditions for determination of rutin estimated by the model equation were as follows: NaOH concentration of 0.13 mol/L luminol concentration of 0.94 × 10^?6 mol/L, and K₃Fe(CN)₆ concentration of 1.09 × 10^?4 mol/L. The theoretical increased ratio of CL intensity (IRI) predicted and actual IRI for 0.05 mg/L rutin under the above conditions were 99.40 and 99.74%, respectively. The SOPM model proved to be powerful for navigating the design space. Under the above optimum conditions, the increased IRI was linearly related to the concentration of rutin in the range from 0.008 to 0.100 mg/L with the regression equation IRI = 1948.20c + 5.24 (r = 0.9994) and in the range from 0.100 to 1.000 mg/L with the regression equation IRI = 1362.50 c + 61.94 (r = 0.9996). The detection limit (3σ) was of 1.95 × 10^?3 mg/L. The sampling frequency of this method was 72/h. The method was used directly to determine rutin in tablets. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

桂西南岩溶区八种适生植物光合性状的变异与关联

为探究岩溶植物的光合生理适应机制，采用Li-6400XT便携式光合作用测量系统，对广西平果市岩溶区8种适生植物的叶片净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、水分利用效率(WUE)和气孔限制值(L_s)等光合特征参数进行了测定分析。结果表明：(1)6个光合特征参数在种内和种间均存在不同程度的变异，并且种内变异均大于种间变异。(2)G_s和T_r的变化主要来源于种间变异(46.72%～49.76%),而P_n、C_i、WUE和L_s变化主要来源于种内变异(48.66%～64.50%)。在生活型水平上，P_n、G_s和T_r的种内变异表现为常绿植物小于落叶植物，而C_i、WUE和L_s则相反。(3)各参数的种间变异均表现为落叶植...     

Potential of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin forming DNA adducts

DNA adducts consist of DNA monoadducts, DNA intrastrand crosslinks, DNA interstrand crosslinks, and DNA-protein crosslinks. If not repaired or mistakenly repaired, DNA adducts may lead to gene mutations and initiate carcinogenesis. Two insecticides, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin, were studied for their potential of forming DNA monoadducts, DNA interstrand crosslinks, and DNA-protein crosslinks in primary mouse hepatocytes via the assays of bioluminescence, ethidium bromide fluorescence, and K+-SDS precipitation. DNA interstrand crosslinks were also measured on calf thymus DNA. It was shown that chlorpyrifos could not form DNA adducts. Cypermethrin formed DNA monoadducts and DNA interstrand crosslinks in hepatocytes. However, cypermethrin didn't form DNA interstrand crosslinks on calf thymus DNA and in hepatocytes treated with SKF-525A, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, which suggests that active metabolites of cypermethrin instead of cypermethrin itself caused DNA interstrand crosslinks and that cytochrome P450 may be involved in the activation of cypermethrin.     

柑桔"以螨治螨"生物防治技术研究

柑桔病虫害发生种类多,为害重,生产上喷药次数多,果品存在农药残留高,为了使我市柑桔达到无公害生产水平,减少化学农药使用量,提高柑桔品质,笔者通过释放捕食螨Amblyseius spp.建立捕食螨种群,同时结合使用生物农药和电子灭虫灯,以及白花草Ageratum conyzoides L.等栽培措施,达到了长期持续控制柑桔病虫发生的目的,而且减少我县柑桔生产的农药残留问题,降低生产成本,减少环境污染.