广东眼镜蛇蛇毒与眼镜王蛇蛇毒冻干粉的鉴别及质量控制的研究 V．广东眼镜蛇蛇毒与眼镜王蛇蛇毒的氨基酸分析

本文采用日立８３５－５０型氨基酸自动分析仪测定了广东眼镜蛇蛇毒与眼镜王蛇蛇毒的氨基酸成分,结果表明两种蛇毒的氨基酸组成基本相同,但多种氨基酸的含量存在明显差异,为蛇毒鉴别和质控提供实验依据。     

微生物转谷氨酰胺酶的纯化方法和酶学性质研究

由Streptoverticillium mobaTaense发酵生产的转谷氨酰胺酶经过除茵体、超滤浓缩、乙醇沉淀、干燥后得到粗酶产品,其活力回收率约70％。又经Superdex-75凝胶过滤和Source 30S阳离子交换两步纯化后得到纯酶,最终酶活力收率约37％。酶最适温度为50℃,在40℃以下稳定性良好;最适pH为6．0,pH4．0～8．0时比较稳定。离子强度对酶影响很小。     

An ABHD17-like hydrolase screening system to identify de-S-acylation enzymes of protein substrates in plant cells

Protein S-acylation is an important post-translational modification in eukaryotes, regulating the subcellular localization, trafficking, stability, and activity of substrate proteins. The dynamic regulation of this reversible modification is mediated inversely by protein S-acyltransferases and de-S-acylation enzymes, but the de-S-acylation mechanism remains unclear in plant cells. Here, we characterized a group of putative protein de-S-acylation enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana, including 11 members of Alpha/Beta Hydrolase Domain-containing Protein 17-like acyl protein thioesterases (ABAPTs). A robust system was then established for the screening of de-S-acylation enzymes of protein substrates in plant cells, based on the effects of substrate localization and confirmed via the protein S-acylation levels. Using this system, the ABAPTs, which specifically reduced the S-acylation levels and disrupted the plasma membrane localization of five immunity-related proteins, were identified respectively in Arabidopsis. Further results indicated that the de-S-acylation of RPM1-Interacting Protein 4, which was mediated by ABAPT8, resulted in an increase of cell death in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana, supporting the physiological role of the ABAPTs in plants. Collectively, our current work provides a powerful and reliable system to identify the pairs of plant protein substrates and de-S-acylation enzymes for further studies on the dynamic regulation of plant protein S-acylation.

A robust screening system for ABHD17-like hydrolases was established to identify de-S-acylation enzymes of protein substrates in plant cells.     

Whole-Exome Sequencing to Decipher the Genetic Heterogeneity of Hearing Loss in a Chinese Family with Deaf by Deaf Mating

Inherited deafness has been shown to have high genetic heterogeneity. For many decades, linkage analysis and candidate gene approaches have been the main tools to elucidate the genetics of hearing loss. However, this associated study design is costly, time-consuming, and unsuitable for small families. This is mainly due to the inadequate numbers of available affected individuals, locus heterogeneity, and assortative mating. Exome sequencing has now become technically feasible and a cost-effective method for detection of disease variants underlying Mendelian disorders due to the recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. In the present study, we have combined both the Deafness Gene Mutation Detection Array and exome sequencing to identify deafness causative variants in a large Chinese composite family with deaf by deaf mating. The simultaneous screening of the 9 common deafness mutations using the allele-specific PCR based universal array, resulted in the identification of the 1555A>G in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 12S rRNA in affected individuals in one branch of the family. We then subjected the mutation-negative cases to exome sequencing and identified novel causative variants in the MYH14 and WFS1 genes. This report confirms the effective use of a NGS technique to detect pathogenic mutations in affected individuals who were not candidates for classical genetic studies.     

广东眼镜蛇蛇胆的鉴别及质量控制的研究Ⅳ：广东眼镜蛇蛇胆中牛磺酸、甘氨酸、牛磺胆酸和甘氨胆酸的测定

本文采用日立８３５－５０型氨基酸自动分析仪测定比较了广东眼镜蛇蛇胆及牛、猪、兔、鸡胆中牛磺酸、甘氨酸和其他氨基酸的成分与含量,并间接测定了牛磺胆酸与甘氨胆酸的含量和比值。结果表明广东眼镜蛇蛇胆中牛磺酸（６．６６７ｇ／１００ｇ干重）与牛磺胆酸（２７．４７ｇ／１００ｇ干重）的含量最高,而甘氨酸（０．５９８ｇ／１００ｇ干重）与甘氨胆酸（３．７０ｇ／１００ｇ干重）的含量最低,其他氨基酸的含量甚微。实验结果为蛇胆的真伪鉴别及内在质量控制提供了有实用价值的科学依据,同时也提供了一个准确、灵敏、微量的测定方法。     

Correction to: An integrated strategy for polyploidization of Cerastigma willmottianum Stapf based on tissue culture and chemical mutagenesis and the carbon dioxide fixation ability of tetraploids

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) -     

Comparative Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Sipunculus nudus as Revealed by Mitochondrial COI Sequences

Genetic diversity and population structure of Sipunculus nudus were evaluated using a 652 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. The populations were collected from Beihai, Sanya, and Xiamen. A total of 71 polymorphic sites defined 16 distinct haplotypes. The mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the three populations were 0.9354 ± 0.0168 and 0.0035 ± 0.0018, respectively. Analysis at the intrapopulation level showed that the Beihai population had the greatest haplotype and nucleotide diversity, followed by the Xiamen and Sanya populations. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant genetic differentiation among the three populations (Fst = 0.0796, P < 0.05). The present results revealed that S. nudus populations had a high level of genetic diversity and distinct population structures.     

蛇毒冻干粉的鉴别及质量控制的研究——Ⅰ.广东眼镜蛇蛇毒与眼镜王蛇蛇毒的理化性质及其特征性吸收光谱曲线的比较

本文对广东眼镜蛇蛇毒与眼镜王蛇蛇毒冻干粉的外观色泽、理化性质、含水量、含氮量和紫外吸收光谱曲线进行了较系统的分析测试.其结果为这两种蛇毒的鉴别及其制品质量的控制提供了实验依据.     

广东眼镜蛇蛇胆的鉴别和质量控制的研究 Ⅰ.眼镜蛇蛇胆干粉的制备及其理化性质测定

实验用减压干燥法制备广东眼镜蛇蛇胆干粉,并对其外观色泽、含水量(1.39±0.29%)、含氪量(38.52±5.09mg/g)、理化性质和吸收光谱曲线进行了研究,结果为蛇胆干粉的制备及其质量控制提供了科学依据。