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Spada RG da Silva D Abdel-Hamid AZ Sobral-Hamaguchi SS Zuim NR Zanotti-Magalhaes EM Magalhaes LA Ribeiro-Paes JT 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2002,97(Z1):53-58
The analysis of the genetic variability related to susceptibility to Schistosoma mansoni infection in the vector of the genus Biomphalaria is important in terms of a better understanding of the epidemiology of schistosomiasis itself, the possible pathological implications of this interaction in vertebrate hosts, and the formulation of new strategies and approaches for disease control. In the present study, the genetic variability of B. glabrata strains found to be resistant or susceptible to S. mansoni infection was investigated using DNA amplification by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). The amplification products were analyzed on 8% polyacrylamide gel and stained with silver. We selected 10 primers, since they have previously been useful to detect polymorphism among B. glabrata and/or B. tenagophila. The results showed polymorphisms with 5 primers. Polymorphic bands observed only in the susceptible strain. The RAPD-PCR methodology represents an adequate approach for the analysis of genetic polymorphisms. The understanding of the genetic polymorphisms associated to resistance may contribute to the future identification of genomic sequences related to the resistance/susceptibility of Biomphalaria to the larval forms of S. mansoni and to the development of new strategies for the control of schistosomiasis. 相似文献
3.
Oliveira AL Levada PM Zanotti-Magalhaes EM Magalhães LA Ribeiro-Paes JT 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2010,9(4):2436-2445
The relationships between schistosomiasis and its intermediate host, mollusks of the genus Biomphalaria, have been a concern for decades. It is known that the vector mollusk shows different susceptibility against parasite infection, whose occurrence depends on the interaction between the forms of trematode larvae and the host defense cells. These cells are called amebocytes or hemocytes and are responsible for the recognition of foreign bodies and for phagocytosis and cytotoxic reactions. The defense cells mediate the modulation of the resistant and susceptible phenotypes of the mollusk. Two main types of hemocytes are found in the Biomphalaria hemolymph: the granulocytes and the hyalinocytes. We studied the variation in the number (kinetics) of hemocytes for 24 h after exposing the parasite to genetically selected and non-selected strains of Biomphalaria tenagophila, susceptible or not to infection by Schistosoma mansoni. The differences were analyzed referred to the variations in the number of hemocytes in mollusks susceptible or not to infection by S. mansoni. The hemolymph of the selected and non-selected snails was collected, and hemocytes were counted using a Neubauer chamber at six designated periods: 0 h (control, non-exposed individuals), 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h and, 24 h after parasite exposure. Samples of hemolymph of five selected mollusks and five non-selected mollusks were separately used at each counting time. There was a significant variation in the number of hemocytes between the strains, which indicates that defense cells have different behaviors in resistant and susceptible mollusks. 相似文献
4.
Jessica AB van Nies Rute B Marques Stella Trompet Zuzana de Jong Fina AS Kurreeman Rene EM Toes J Wouter Jukema Tom WJ Huizinga Annette HM van der Helm-van Mil 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(2):R38
Introduction
Recently an association between a genetic variation in TRAF1/C5 and mortality from sepsis or cancer was found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The most prevalent cause of death, cardiovascular disease, may have been missed in that study, since patients were enrolled at an advanced disease stage. Therefore, we used an inception cohort of RA patients to investigate the association between TRAF1/C5 and cardiovascular mortality, and replicate the findings on all-cause mortality. As TRAF1/C5 associated mortality may not be restricted to RA, we also studied a large cohort of non-RA patients. 相似文献5.
Intervention with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents a promising therapeutic tool in treatment-refractory autoimmune
diseases. A new report by Schurgers and colleagues in a previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy sheds novel mechanistic insight into the pathways employed by MSCs to suppress T-cell proliferation in vitro, but, at the same time, indicates that MSCs do not influence T-cell reactivity and the disease course in an in vivo arthritis model. Such discrepancies between the in vitro and in vivo effects of potent cellular immune modulators should spark further research and should be interpreted as a sign of caution
for the in vitro design of MSC-derived interventions in the setting of human autoimmune diseases. 相似文献
6.
Bahareh Honarparvar Sachin A Pawar Cláudio Nahum Alves Jer?nimo Lameira Glenn EM Maguire José Rogério A Silva Thavendran Govender Hendrik G Kruger 《Journal of biomedical science》2015,22(1)
Background
Novel pentacycloundecane (PCU)-lactone-CO-EAIS peptide inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against wild-type C-South African (C-SA) HIV-1 protease. Three compounds are reported herein, two of which displayed IC50 values of less than 1.00 μM. A comparative MM-PB(GB)SA binding free energy of solvation values of PCU-lactam and lactone models and their enantiomers as well as the PCU-lactam-NH-EAIS and lactone-CO-EAIS peptide inhibitors and their corresponding diastereomers complexed with South African HIV protease (C-SA) was performed. This will enable us to rationalize the considerable difference between inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PCU-lactam-NH-EAIS and PCU-lactone-CO-EAIS peptides.Results
The PCU-lactam model exhibited more negative calculated binding free energies of solvation than the PCU-lactone model. The same trend was observed for the PCU-peptide inhibitors, which correspond to the experimental activities for the PCU-lactam-NH-EAIS peptide (IC50 = 0.076 μM) and the PCU-lactone-CO-EAIS peptide inhibitors (IC50 = 0.850 μM). Furthermore, a density functional theory (DFT) study on the natural atomic charges of the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the three PCU-lactam, PCU-lactim and PCU-lactone models were performed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Electrostatic potential maps were also used to visualize the electron density around electron-rich regions. The asymmetry parameter (η) and quadrupole coupling constant (χ) values of the nitrogen and oxygen nuclei of the model compounds were calculated at the same level of theory. Electronic molecular properties including polarizability and electric dipole moments were also calculated and compared. The Gibbs theoretical free solvation energies of solvation (∆Gsolv) were also considered.Conclusions
A general trend is observed that the lactam species appears to have a larger negative charge distribution around the heteroatoms, larger quadrupole constant, dipole moment and better solvation energy, in comparison to the PCU-lactone model. It can be argued that these characteristics will ensure better eletronic interaction between the lactam and the receptor, corresponding to the observed HIV protease activities in terms of experimental IC50 data.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0115-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献7.
Nadine Kraemer Ethiraj Ravindran Sami Zaqout Gerda Neubert Detlev Schindler Olaf Ninnemann Ralph Gr?f Andrea EM Seiler Angela M Kaindl 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2015,14(13):2044-2057
Biallelic mutations in the gene encoding centrosomal CDK5RAP2 lead to autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), a disorder characterized by pronounced reduction in volume of otherwise architectonical normal brains and intellectual deficit. The current model for the microcephaly phenotype in MCPH invokes a premature shift from symmetric to asymmetric neural progenitor-cell divisions with a subsequent depletion of the progenitor pool. The isolated neural phenotype, despite the ubiquitous expression of CDK5RAP2, and reports of progressive microcephaly in individual MCPH cases prompted us to investigate neural and non-neural differentiation of Cdk5rap2-depleted and control murine embryonic stem cells (mESC). We demonstrate an accumulating proliferation defect of neurally differentiating Cdk5rap2-depleted mESC and cell death of proliferative and early postmitotic cells. A similar effect does not occur in non-neural differentiation into beating cardiomyocytes, which is in line with the lack of non-central nervous system features in MCPH patients. Our data suggest that MCPH is not only caused by premature differentiation of progenitors, but also by reduced propagation and survival of neural progenitors. 相似文献
8.
Suurmond J Dorjée AL Boon MR Knol EF Huizinga TW Toes RE Schuerwegh AJ 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(5):R150
Introduction
Mast cells have been implicated to play a functional role in arthritis, especially in autoantibody-positive disease. Among the cytokines involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), IL-17 is an important inflammatory mediator. Recent data suggest that the synovial mast cell is a main producer of IL-17, although T cells have also been implicated as prominent IL-17 producers as well. We aimed to identify IL-17 expression by mast cells and T cells in synovium of arthritis patients. 相似文献9.
Pichler H Baumgartner S Freudenschuss M Palme S Binder EM Krska R 《Mycotoxin Research》2001,17(2):202-205
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) proved to be a fast and simple method for the detection of mycotoxins and other undesired contaminants in food and feed. The present study is focused on the optimisation and exploitation of the egg yolk antibody technology in order to develop competitive ELISAs for the detection of mycotoxins in cereals. Due to its importance as one of the most relevant Fusarium mycotoxins, the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) was selected as representative. Chickens were immunised with different protein conjugates performing varying booster intervals. The antibodies were isolated by the poly(ethylene glycol) precipitation method according to Polson. By use of these antibodies an indirect competitive ELISA was developed for the detection of DON. First investigations of naturally contaminated wheat samples showed a good correspondence with results obtained by GC-ECD when calibration in blank wheat extracts was performed. 相似文献
10.