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Xiao-Guo Xiang Wei-Tao Jin De-Zhu Li André Schuiteman Wei-Chang Huang Jian-Wu Li Xiao-Hua Jin Zhen-Yu Li 《PloS one》2014,9(1)
Collabieae (Orchidaceae) is a long neglected tribe with confusing tribal and generic delimitation and little-understood phylogenetic relationships. Using plastid matK, psaB, rbcL, and trnH-psbA DNA sequences and morphological evidence, the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Collabieae were assessed as a basis for revising their tribal and generic delimitation. Collabieae (including the previously misplaced mycoheterotrophic Risleya) is supported as monophyletic and nested within a superclade that also includes Epidendreae, Podochileae, Cymbidieae and Vandeae. Risleya is nested in Collabiinae and sister to Chrysoglossum, a relationship which, despite their great vegetative differences, is supported by floral characters. Ania is a distinct genus supported by both morphological and molecular evidence, while redefined Tainia includes Nephelaphyllum and Mischobulbum. Calanthe is paraphyletic and consists four clades; the genera Gastrorchis, Phaius and Cephalantheropsis should be subsumed within Calanthe. Calanthe sect. Ghiesbreghtia is nested within sect. Calanthe, to which the disputed Calanthe delavayi belongs as well. Our results indicate that, in Collabieae, habit evolved from being epiphytic to terrestrial. 相似文献
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Jian‐Yong Guo Yong‐Sheng Wang Tian Chen Xiao‐Xu Jiang Ping Wu Tao Geng Zhong‐Hua Pan Meng‐Ke Shang Cheng‐Xiang Hou Kun Gao Xi‐Jie Guo 《Insect Science》2020,27(3):449-462
Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) is a major pathogen of the economic insect silkworm, Bombyx mori. Virus‐encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to play important roles in host–pathogen interactions. In this study we identified a BmCPV‐derived miRNA‐like 21 nt small RNA, BmCPV‐miR‐1, from the small RNA deep sequencing of BmCPV‐infected silkworm larvae by stem‐loop quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) and investigated its functions with qPCR and lentiviral expression systems. Bombyx mori inhibitor of apoptosis protein (BmIAP) gene was predicted by both target prediction software miRanda and Targetscan to be one of its target genes with a binding site for BmCPV‐miR‐1 at the 5′ untranslated region. It was found that the expression of BmCPV‐miR‐1 and its target gene BmIAP were both up‐regulated in BmCPV‐infected larvae. At the same time, it was confirmed that BmCPV‐miR‐1 could up‐regulate the expression of BmIAP gene in HEK293T cells with lentiviral expression systems and in BmN cells by transfecting mimics. Furthermore, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could up‐regulate the expression level of BmIAP gene in midgut and fat body in the silkworm. In the midgut of BmCPV‐infected larvae, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could be further up‐regulated and inhibitors could lower the virus‐mediated expression of BmIAP gene. With the viral genomic RNA segments S1 and S10 as indicators, BmCPV‐miR‐1 mimics could up‐regulate and inhibitors down‐regulate their replication in the infected silkworm. These results implied that BmCPV‐miR‐1 could inhibit cell apoptosis in the infected silkworm through up‐regulating BmIAP expression, providing the virus with a better cell circumstance for its replication. 相似文献
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Lin Xiang Lin Shuang Liu Yuanlan Zhao Haiyan Wang Li Hasi Wuliji 《Plasmonics (Norwell, Mass.)》2018,13(5):1749-1758
Plasmonics - Large-scale ordered two-dimensional (2D) superlattices at oil/water interface were fabricated using single-crystal Au nanospheres (NSs) with different diameters as building blocks. A... 相似文献
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本文以普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)根端分生组织为材料,在透射电镜下对间期细胞核内的集缩染色质的高层次结构进行了研究。在其中观察到直径约为20—25nm、50nm及110—120nm 的不同等级染色线,并且发现直径110—120nm 的染色线是由50nm 的染色线组成的,而直径约50nm 的染色线是由20—25nm 的染色线组成的。对这三个层次染色质结构之间的集缩方式进行了讨论。 相似文献
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维西香茶菜的二萜成分 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
维西香茶菜Rabdosia weisiensis C. Y. Wu产云南西北部海拔2600米沟谷中,其化学成分的研究未见报道。从该植物叶的乙醚提取物中,分得两个二萜成分,一为已知成分trichorabdal A(2),一为新成分,命名为维西香茶菜甲素weisiensin A(1)。 维西香茶菜甲素weisiensin A(1),C_(26)H_(36)O_9,mp 298—300℃,其~(13)C NMR谱显示存在三个CH_3,三个CH_2,八个CH,三个四取代碳,三个Ac,二个烯碳和一个羰基 相似文献
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Tandem duplication and divergence of a sea urchin protein belonging to the troponin C superfamily 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M Q Xiang P A Bédard G Wessel M Filion B P Brandhorst W H Klein 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1988,263(32):17173-17180
The Spec1 and Spec2 proteins of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus are related to calmodulin, troponin C, and myosin light chains by sequence similarity in their four calcium binding domains. These domains, the EF-hands, are distinct helix-loop-helix structures of about 40 amino acids. The Spec1 and Spec2 genes are expressed specifically in aboral ectoderm cells of the developing embryo; however, the function of the Spec proteins in these cells is unknown. To find conserved regions of the proteins that might be important for structure and function, Spec homologues from Lytechinus pictus, a distantly related sea urchin, were sought. L. pictus embryos do not synthesize detectable amounts of the 14,000-17,000-Da Spec proteins as determined by two-dimensional gel electro-phoresis, but do synthesize three 34,000-Da proteins that cross-react with Spec1 antibodies and display a similar ontogenetic pattern of expression. cDNA clones were isolated by hybridization to a synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to the EF-hand. One clone, LpS1, encodes an mRNA with developmental properties like those of the S. purpuratus Spec mRNAs. However, LpS1 contains an open reading frame for a protein of 34,000 Da rather than 17,000 Da, and antibodies raised against part of the LpS1 reading frame demonstrate that LpS1 encodes a 34,000-Da protein in L. pictus embryos. The sequence of LpS1 reveals the presence of eight EF-hand domains, which share structural homology with the Spec1 or Spec2 EF-hands; however, little else in the protein sequence is conserved. The results support the hypothesis that the LpS1 gene arose from a duplication of an ancestral Spec gene and that the overall structural features of the Spec family of proteins are more conserved than the amino acid sequences. 相似文献