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Ján Lí?KA Július BRTKO Michal DUBOVICKY Dana MACEJOVá Viktória KISSOVá ?tefan POLáK Eduard UJHáZY 《Experimental Animals》2016,65(1):1-9
The mammary gland is a dynamic organ that undergoes structural and functional changes
associated with growth, reproduction, and post-menopausal regression. The postnatal
transformations of the epithelium and stromal cells of the mammary gland may contribute to
its susceptibility to carcinogenesis. The increased cancer incidence in mammary glands of
humans and similarly of rodents in association with their development is believed to be
partly explained by proliferative activity together with lesser degree of differentiation,
but it is not completely understood how the virgin gland retains its higher susceptibility
to carcinogenesis. During its developmental cycle, the mammary gland displays many of the
properties associated with breast cancer. An early first full-term pregnancy may have a
protective effect. Rodent models are useful for investigating potential breast
carcinogens. The purpose of this review is to help recognizing histological appearance of
the epithelium and the stroma of the normal mammary gland in rats, and throughout its
development in relation to tumorigenic potential. 相似文献
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Oil content and fatty acid composition were investigated on 12 castor varieties and strains by using the soxhlet extraction method and capillary gas chromatography. This was made to provide a reference and theoretical basis for castorbean breeding with high oil content, determine variability of seed compounds for breeding purposes, and broaden chemical material choices. Results revealed that crude fat percentage in seeds ranged from 18.91 to 35.84% with an average of 25.91%; the absolute content of ricinoleic acid varied between 171.65 g/kg and 314.03 g/kg with an average of 222.43 g/kg, and kernel crude fat percentage was between 24.28 and 46.97% with an average of 34.30%. All these study variables were highest in the 2129 strain. The percentage of ricinoleic acid in crude fat was between 83.85 to 87.62%, and the highest value was found in the zhebi4 accession. The other fatty acids appeared in small concentrations, and showed small amplitude: 1.12 to 1.61%, 1.21 to 1.61%, 3.53 to 4.80%, 5.35 to 6.38%, 0.52 to 0.79%, 0.05 to 0.08% and 0.43 to 0.55%, for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolic, linolenic, arachidic, and arachidonic acids, respectively. One hundred seed weight was determined for each accession. One hundred seed weight ranged from 25.7 g to 34.0 g with an average of 29.9 g. There was a significant correlation between seed weight and oil content, but the correlation value was low (r=0.51). Cluster analysis by SSPS based on the content of fatty acid composition revealed that the accessions were divided into three independent clusters. These findings will clearly provide useful information for further research in breeding and utilization of castor oil. 相似文献
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Introduction
Methotrexate (MTX) induces macrophage apoptosis in vitro, but there is not much evidence for increased synovial macrophage apoptosis in MTX-treated patients. Macrophage apoptosis is reported, however, during clinical response to anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) treatments. This implies that TNF-α promotes macrophage survival and suggests that TNF-α may protect against MTX-induced apoptosis. We, therefore, investigated this proposal and the macrophage signaling pathways underlying it. 相似文献8.
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