老年冠心病患者血尿酸水平与肠道菌群的关系

目的探讨老年冠心病患者血尿酸(SUA)水平与肠道菌群的关系,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法选择2018年5月至2019年5月我院收治的83例冠心病患者为研究组,选择同期我院83例健康体检者的作为对照组。比较两组对象SUA水平及粪便标本中肠道菌群分布情况(乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、大肠埃希菌、链球菌);比较不同菌群紊乱程度冠心病患者SUA水平;比较不同SUA水平冠心病患者肠道菌群分布情况。采用Pearson相关分析冠心病患者SUA水平与肠道菌群相关性。结果研究组患者肠道乳杆菌、双歧杆菌数量明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),而肠道幽门螺杆菌、大肠埃希菌、链球菌数量明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组患者SUA水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),不同菌群紊乱程度冠心病患者SUA水平有差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同SUA水平冠心病患者肠道乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、大肠埃希菌、链球菌数量差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。冠心病患者SUA水平与肠道乳杆菌、双歧杆菌数量呈负相关(r=-0.872、-0.912,均P<0.001),与肠道幽门螺杆菌、大肠埃希菌、链球菌数量呈正相关(r=0.915、0.896、0.889,均P<0.001)。结论冠心病患者存在肠道细菌紊乱及高尿酸现象。冠心病患者SUA水平与肠道菌群显著相关,检测冠心病患者SUA水平对监测肠道菌群状态及治疗方案制定具有重要意义。     

Glial-specific ablation of angiotensinogen lowers arterial pressure in renin and angiotensinogen transgenic mice

Angiotensinogen (AGT) is mainly expressed in glial cells in close proximity to renin-expressing neurons in the brain. We previously reported that glial-specific overexpression of ANG II results in mild hypertension. Here, we tested the hypothesis that glial-derived AGT plays an important role in blood pressure regulation in hypertensive mice carrying human renin (hREN) and human AGT transgenes under the control of their own endogenous promoters. To perform a glial-specific deletion of AGT, we used an AGT transgene containing loxP sites (hAGT(flox)), so the gene can be permanently ablated in the presence of cre-recombinase expression, driven by the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter. Triple transgenic mice (RAC) containing a: 1) systemically expressed hREN transgene, 2) systemically expressed hAGT(flox) transgene, and 3) GFAP-cre-recombinase were generated and compared with double transgenic mice (RA) lacking cre-recombinase. Liver and kidney hAGT mRNA levels were unaltered in RAC and RA mice, as was the level of hAGT in the systemic circulation, consistent with the absence of cre-recombinase expression in those tissues. Whereas hAGT mRNA was present in the brain of RA mice (lacking cre-recombinase), it was absent from the brain of RAC mice expressing cre-recombinase, confirming brain-specific elimination of AGT. Immunohistochemistry revealed a loss of AGT immunostaining glial cells throughout the brain in RAC mice. Arterial pressure measured by radiotelemetry was significantly lower in RAC than RA mice and unchanged from nontransgenic control mice. These data suggest that there is a major contribution of glial-AGT to the hypertensive state in mice carrying systemically expressed hREN and hAGT genes and confirm the importance of a glial source of ANG II substrate in the brain.     

基于GIS和地统计学的低山茶园土壤肥力质量评价

亚热带低山区是我国茶园的主要分布区域,研究其土壤肥力质量状况是茶园精准化和信息化管理的基础。利用地统计学、GIS以及多元统计分析相结合的方法,对蒙顶山茶园土壤肥力质量进行了定量化综合评价研究。结果表明：（1）蒙顶山茶园土壤肥力质量沿海拔高度垂直变化明显,大部分土壤肥力区沿蒙顶山阳坡面水平方向呈带状分布。土壤肥力较高的区域分布在山体的中上部,随着海拔高度的降低土壤肥力质量水平也逐渐降低。（2）蒙顶山茶园土壤肥力质量总体水平不高。区域内土壤各项肥力指标与优良茶园相比还存在差距,同时肥力质量偏低的区域所占面积较大：第四、五两级肥力区所占面积最大,占总面积的42．35％。肥力较低的后5级占总面积的近70％,而肥力最高的3级不到10％。（3）采用该方法进行土壤肥力质量评价能较客观地反映土壤肥力状况,为地统计研究成果实际运用提供了思路。     

籽粒镉低积累水稻地上部镉高积累遗传特性分析

农田土壤镉（Cd）污染日益严重,导致稻米Cd含量超标事件频繁出现,使粮食安全问题备受关注。因此,合理利用Cd污染农田、降低水稻籽粒Cd含量成为亟待解决的问题。籽粒Cd低积累水稻雅恢2816的地上部具有较强的Cd积累能力,研究旨在弄清其地上部Cd积累能力的遗传稳定性,进一步揭示控制该性状的遗传基础,为利用分子标记辅助选育地上部Cd富集能力强、籽粒Cd安全的水稻提供途径。以水稻雅恢2816和3个不同品种水稻分别组配获得的F₁为研究对象,分析地上部Cd积累相关性状的杂种优势。进一步以优势组合C268A/雅恢2816构建F₂作图群体,对地上部Cd积累相关性状进行QTL定位分析。结果表明：（1） F₁地上部Cd积累相关性状杂种优势明显,遗传稳定性强。地上部Cd积累相关性状属数量性状,F₂中/超亲分离现象明显。（2）在第4、6号染色体上共挖掘到1个控制水稻地上部生物量和3个控制地上部Cd积累量的QTL位点,分别为qSB-6、qSCdA-4、qSCdA-6-1和qSCdA-6-2,表型贡献率为10.6%—14.4%,且增效等位基因均来自雅恢2816。（3）地上部Cd积累量与地上部生物量、Cd含量,根、糙米的生物量、Cd积累量,根-地上部转移系数均呈极显著正相关,与地上部-籽粒转移系数呈极显著负相关,存在4个QTL集簇区Cl-4-1、Cl-6-1、Cl-6-2和Cl-6-3。（4）区间marker 04171-marker 04197控制着地上部生物量和Cd积累量,与控制糙米Cd含量的QTL不重叠。研究表明：籽粒Cd低积累水稻雅恢2816携带控制地上部Cd高积累的等位基因,可在世代间稳定遗传,QTL位点qSCdA-4、qSCdA-6-1、qSCdA-6-2是控制该性状的重要遗传基础,可为分子标记辅助选育地上部Cd高积累、籽粒Cd低积累水稻提供理论依据。     

富钾基因型籽粒苋主要根系分泌物及其对土壤矿物态钾的活化作用

通过试验,研究了2种供K水平对籽粒苋(Amaranthus spp.)富K基因型和一般基因型根系分泌物含量变化的影响,以及在低K胁迫时3个生长期两类基因型主要根系分泌物含量的变化特点,模拟了籽粒苋根系分泌物对土壤矿物态钾的活化作用.结果表明,籽粒苋根系分泌物中可溶性糖、氨基酸和有机酸含量随供K水平的升高而降低,且富K基因型根系分泌物中3种物质的分泌量始终大于一般基因型;在正常供K条件下,两基因型根系分泌能力相近,但在低K处理时,前者显著高于后者,差异显著;在2种供K水平下,根系有机酸分泌量在3种分泌物中占绝对优势,分别是可溶性糖和氨基酸分泌量的几十倍和几百倍.籽粒苋生长到50 d时,一般基因型根系可溶性糖、氨基酸和有机酸的分泌量较40 d时迅速降低.富K基因型根系分泌物中可溶性糖、氨基酸和有机酸含量在3个生长时期均大于一般基因型,且随着生长时间的延长,两基因型间可溶性糖、氨基酸和有机酸含量的差异明显增大.两类基因型在3个生长时期均以分泌有机酸为主,其占总分泌量的93%以上.籽粒苋根系分泌物处理后的土壤速效钾含量均高于清水对照处理,富K基因型在低K胁迫时的根系分泌物对土壤K的活化作用明显大于一般基因型.     

Role of EDTA in alleviating lead toxicity in accumulator species of Sedum alfredii H

The effects of Pb chelater (EDTA-Pb) and ionic Pb (Pb(NO(3))(2)) on root cell death, Pb accumulation, changes of ROS, activities of antioxidant enzymes and uptake of mineral elements in response to Pb toxicity in Sedum alfredii H. were compared. Loss of plasma membrane integrity became serious by increasing Pb concentration in the medium, 200 microM Pb + 200 microM EDTA has alleviated the root cell death. The biomass was significantly affected by high concentration of Pb, and root growth was also affected by EDTA-Pb compared with ionic Pb. Lead accumulation was higher in the samples treated with ionic lead than that of the control. The concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by fluorescence microscopy, which indicates that the Pb stress increased the content of ROS significantly, whereas the EDTA-Pb decreased the burst of H(2)O(2). High Pb concentrations increase the activity of SOD and LOX. The Cu concentration in root increased significantly under Pb and EDTA-Pb treatment, and 200 microM Pb markedly increased the Fe content in roots. Under ionic Pb condition, the contents of Mg, Ca and K in shoots decreased, whereas they were significantly increased in case of EDTA-Pb. These results suggested that accumulating ecotype of S. alfredii roots were inefficient in uptake of higher concentration of EDTA-chelated Pb for long treatment duration, and that lead toxicity could be alleviated by EDTA.     

不同尺度下低山茶园土壤有机质含量的空间变异

南方低山丘陵区是我国茶园集中分布的区域,研究其土壤特性的空间变异性,尤其是有机质的空间分布特性,可以为实施低山丘陵茶园土壤养分精准管理提供依据。以四川蒙顶山茶园为研究对象,利用地统计学方法,在两个尺度下对其土壤有机质含量的空间变异性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)小尺度下,蒙顶山茶园土壤有机质含量具有中等空间相关性(C0与C0 C的比值为49.9%),空间相关距离达到了894m,随机性和结构性因子对有机质含量空间变异的影响各占一半;茶园土壤有机质含量在坡体垂直方向的变异性较强,在坡体水平方向上的变异较弱;普通Kriging插值分析说明有机质含量从东北至西南呈明显的带状分布,垂直方向上随海拔升高而增加。(2)微尺度下,代表性茶园土壤有机质含量具有强烈的空间相关性(C0与C0 C的比值为4.1%),空间相关距离达到了311m,结构性因子是影响其空间变异的主要因素;各向异性分析,茶园土壤有机质含量也在坡面垂直方向变异较强,且在坡面倾斜45°方向也存在一定变异;普通Kriging分析,坡面由上到下有机质含量逐渐增加。     

夏大豆病虫害系统最优控制研究

１９９３－１９９６年作者研究了豆田１６种可控因素对夏大豆病虫害、天敌和产量的综合效应。根据既控病虫增产又保护生态的原则,综合评价了可控因素,提出了夏大豆病早了优控制策略：同穴（４：１式）或间作（９：２式）,鲁豆４,６月１０日前后播种、１８００ｇ／ｈｍ＾２微肥拦种,Ｎ４５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,Ｐ２Ｏ５６０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,Ｋ２０１５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,有机肥２２５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,甲拦磷０．３６％拌种,多菌     

Characteristics of endophytic bacteria from Polygonum hydropiper and their use in enhancing P-phytoextraction

Plant and Soil - Endophytes are significant for their ecological role in plants and potential applications in phytoremediation. Endophytic bacteria with plant-growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics...     

P uptake characteristics and root morphological responses in the mining ecotype of Polygonum hydropiper under high organic P media

Understanding plant phosphorus (P) assimilation and its root morphological responses is important to acquire an ideal material for remediation of P-enriched environments. Pot experiments were conducted to explore P accumulation and root morphological traits in a mining ecotype (ME) and non-mining ecotype (NME) of Polygonum hydropiper under different organic P (Po) sources (G1P, AMP, ATP, IHP) and inorganic P (Pi) source (KH₂PO₄), and also their responses to a high level of IHP for different growth periods. Both ecotypes showed higher biomass in Pi and IHP treatments than other Po sources. P accumulation in seedlings were in the order of Pi > IHP > other Po media. Extending the growth period increased biomass and P accumulation in both ecotypes. The ME demonstrated 1.11–1.46 times higher P accumulation than the NME. Seedlings fed with IHP demonstrated significantly greater morphological parameters of fine, medium, and thick roots compared to other Po sources. Total root length, surface area, and volume of both ecotypes significantly increased with the prolonged growth period. The ME has a higher ability to develop root system and exhibits better distribution of fine roots to enhance P accumulation from high P media, and thus it is a worthy material for P-phytoextraction.