多效唑连用其它植物激素对水稻试管苗生长的影响

本实验采用继代多年的花培体细胞无性系Hu18再生绿芽(0.5mm)为起始材料,研究多效唑(MET)与其它激素配合使用对试管苗的调控作用,结果指出:(1)单独使用MET对绿芽生长有毒害作用,除2,4-D、GA,外,MET与适宜浓度的其它激素配合使用才能发挥增苗、壮苗作用,其中以MET与BA配合使用的培养效果最好,MET与NAA,C_2H_4配合使用的效果次之;(2)MET与其他激素配合使用不但能降低植株高度,促进根系发育,而且可以延长试管苗的保存时间;(3)MET与乙烯利配合使用能加速绿芽成苗速度,而与其他激素配合使则延缓绿芽成苗速度,如与2,4-D配合使用则延缓2,4-D对绿芽的脱分化进程;(4)在本实验条件下,以MET 2.5mg/L+BA 2mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L配合使用有利根芽的协调生长。本文还从植株干物质累积,叶细胞结构,细胞活力等方面进行了探讨。     

新生儿胆汁淤积症患儿肠道菌群与分娩方式及喂养方式的关系

目的分析新生儿胆汁淤积症患儿肠道菌群特征及其与分娩方式、喂养方式的关系。方法选择2018年6月至2019年6月我院收治的40例新生儿胆汁淤积症患儿作为观察组,选择同期入院的120例健康新生儿作为对照组,比较两组对象肠道菌群分布情况。各组对象进一步按不同喂养方式分为母乳喂养组和混合喂养组,按不同分娩方式分为阴道分娩组和剖宫产组,分析各组新生儿肠道菌群与分娩方式、喂养方式的相关性。结果观察组新生儿粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量及双歧杆菌/大肠埃希菌值[(7.53±0.57)lg copies/g、(8.12±0.71)lg copies/g、1.06±0.18]明显少于对照组[(9.58±0.64)lg copies/g、(8.64±0.75)lg copies/g、1.39±0.22],大肠埃希菌数量[(7.28±0.85)lg copies/g]明显多于对照组[(6.81±0.63)lg copies/g]。观察组中,阴道分娩与剖宫产分娩患儿粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、大肠埃希菌数量及双歧杆菌/大肠埃希菌值差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组中,母乳喂养与混合喂养新生儿粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、大肠埃希菌数量及双歧杆菌/大肠埃希菌值差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论新生儿胆汁淤积症患儿肠道菌群存在异常,且受到分娩方式和喂养方式的影响。     

A novel model for the molecular dynamics simulation study on mechanical properties of HMX/F2311 polymer-bonded explosive

The ‘insert’ model for β-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX)-based polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) was proposed for finding the relation of temperatures with mechanical properties. This model was simulated by using molecular dynamics models. The elastic constants and the effective moduli were calculated with static analysis method. Cauchy pressure was also calculated. It is found that the rigidity is weakened and the ductibility is improved by adding a small amount of F₂₃₁₁ in the crystalline HMX. The rigidity is also weakened with increasing temperature. However, the ductibility of HMX/F₂₃₁₁ PBX changes as a parabola with increasing temperature duo to the enhancement of F₂₃₁₁ molecular chain movement and simultaneously the increment of high energy conformation ratio in this molecular chain, i.e. the increment of the molecular chain rigidity.     

Molecular Identification and Diversity of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ Associated with Red‐leaf Disease of Salvia miltiorrhiza in China

Reddening disease has recently been threatening Salvia miltiorrhiza in China, ranging from 30 to 50%. The main symptoms observed, such as plant stunting, inflorescence malformation, leaf reddening, fibrous roots browning, skin blackening and eventually root rot, are typically associated with phytoplasma infection. The presence of phytoplasmas was demonstrated through phytoplasma‐specific PCR, with the expected amplification (1.8 kb) from symptomatic S. miltiorrhiza plants from Shangluo, Shangzhou and Luonan fields in Shaanxi Province of China. The sequences of 16S rRNA, tuf, secY and vmp1 genes amplified from LN‐1 phytoplasma shared the closest homologies of 99%, 100%, 99% and 98% with those of the reference strain Candidatus Phytoplasma solani (subgroup 16SrXII‐A), respectively. The phylogenetic trees showed that LN‐1 phytoplasma clustered with the members of 16SrXII‐A group, including Ca. P. solani. Computer‐simulated restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis further supported this classification. Diversity analysis showed that all ‘Ca. P. solani’ strains identified from the three different regions examined shared 100% identical 16S rRNA, tuf, secY and vmp1 nucleotide sequences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of phytoplasma infecting the medicinal plant of S. miltiorrhiza. The results demonstrate that ‘Ca. P. solani’ is the presumptive aetiological agent of S. miltiorrhiza reddening disease in China.     

Erbin plays a critical role in human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration and tubular structure formation via the Smad1/5 pathway

Angiogenesis is an important process in atherosclerosis. ErbB2 was proved to have an important role in vascular development, but it is still unclear whether Erbin expresses in vessels as well as its location and function in the vessels. In the current study, we investigated the location and function of Erbin in human umbilical veins. The human umbilical veins were prepared, and immunofluorescent analysis was performed to determine the expression of Erbin. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and the lentivirus (LV) containing Erbin RNAi was also prepared. After transfection with the lentivirus, CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-PI assay were used for cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Cell migration was studied using the scratch wound healing assay and the transwell assay. The capillary-like tube formation assay was performed to illustrate the effect of Erbin on HUVEC tube formation. Expression of signaling pathway molecules was assessed with Western blot. The immunofluorescent analysis suggested that Erbin expressed in human umbilical veins and the majority of the Erbin is strongly colocalized in endothelial cells. Although knockdown of Erbin did not affect HUVEC proliferation and apoptosis, it significantly suppressed HUVEC migration and tubular structure formation. Erbin knockdown showed no effect on the ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 signaling pathways but significantly promoted Smad1/5 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Ablation of the Smad1/5 pathway decreased the effects of Erbin on endothelial cells. Erbin is mainly localized in endothelial cells in human umbilical veins and plays a critical role in endothelial cell migration and tubular formation via the Smad1/5 pathway.     

珍珠芦荟失绿突变体‘MT-1’的农艺性状、解剖结构、光合特性和代谢组特征分析

为阐明珍珠芦荟叶色突变的变异机制, 以珍珠芦荟(Aristaloe aristata)叶色失绿突变体‘MT-1’及其叶色正常种质‘WT-18’为试材,对其表型特征、叶片超微结构、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、差异代谢产物等方面进行了对比研究。结果表明, 与‘WT-18’相比,突变体‘MT-1’从幼叶开始呈现出黄化条斑现象,且株型变小、生长缓慢;气孔数量少且小,形状由长方形变成正方形;叶绿体数量及内部片层数量变少、体积也明显变小;光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素)含量和叶绿素荧光动力参数(F_o、F_m、F_v/F_m、ФPSⅡ、qP、qN和ETR)均显著降低。‘MT-1’和‘WT-18’的代谢产物差异明显,KEGG代谢通路分析表明,大多数差异代谢物富集到氨基酸代谢、糖代谢、脂类代谢、核酸代谢、次级代谢产物生物合成等途径。因此,叶绿体相关基因的改变可能是发生叶色失绿突变的重要原因。     

Reconstruction and expression of the MRI-contrast protein,ferritin, with recombinant rabies vectors

Attenuated recombinant rabies vector could be an ideal system for delivery of contrast agent gene for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) because of its neurotropic nature. In this study, the gene of a biomolecular contrast agent, ferritin, was successfully cloned into two rabies virus vectors, vaccine-based pCTN and street strain-based pNH. Recombinant virus granules were obtained and proved to express ferritin by RT-PCR after transfection of CTN-ferritin and NH-ferritin vector systems in BHK-21 cells. The recovered rabies virus-rCTN-ferritin was of similar ability to rNH-ferritin, which suggests the possibility of application of this safe and effective rabies vector system in delivery of diagnostic or therapeutic genes into the brain.     

Physical properties and biocompatibility of a porous chitosan-based fiber-reinforced conduit for nerve regeneration

Porous fiber-reinforced chitosan nerve conduits were fabricated from chitosan yarns and a chitosan solution by combining an industrial braiding method with a mold casting/lyophilization technique. The conduits were permeable to molecules ranging in molecular size from 180 Da (glucose) to 66,200 Da (BSA). The compressive load of the reinforced conduits was significantly higher than that of a non-reinforced control conduit at equal levels of strain. The tensile strength of the reinforced conduits was also increased from 0.41 ± 0.17 to 3.69 ± 0.64 MPa. An in vitro cytotoxicity test showed the conduits were not cytotoxic to Neuro-2a cells. Preliminary in vivo implantation testing indicated that the conduits were compatible with the surrounding tissue. Aijun Wang and Qiang Ao contributed equally to this work.