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1.
D C Rideout M Lambert D A Kendall G R Moe D G Osterman H P Tao I B Weinstein E T Kaiser 《Journal of cellular physiology》1985,124(3):365-371
Four amphiphilic peptides, each with net charges of +2 or more at neutrality and molecular weights under 4 kilodaltons, were found to mediate the adhesion of normal rat kidney fibroblasts to polystyrene surfaces. Two of these peptides, a model for calcitonin (peptide 1, MCT) and melittin (peptide 2, MEL), form amphiphilic alpha-helical structures at aqueous/nonpolar interfaces. The other two, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone model (peptide 3, LHM) and a platelet factor model (peptide 4, MPF) form beta-strand structures in amphiphilic environments. Although it contains only 10 residues, LHM mediated adhesion to surfaces coated with solutions containing as little as 10 pmoles/ml of peptide. All four of these peptides were capable of forming monolayers at air-buffer interfaces with collapse pressures greater than 20 dynes/cm. None of these four peptides contains the tetrapeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser, which has been associated with fibronectin-mediated cell adhesion. Ten polypeptides that also lacked the sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser but were nonamphiphilic and/or had net charges less than +2 at neutrality were all incapable of mediating cell adhesion (Pierschbacher and Ruoslahti, 1984). The morphologies of NRK cells spread on polystyrene coated with peptide LHM resemble the morphologies on fibronectin-coated surfaces, whereas cells spread on surfaces coated with MCT or MEL exhibit strikingly different morphologies. The adhesiveness of MCT, MEL, LHM, and MPF implies that many amphiphilic cationic peptides could prove useful as well defined adhesive substrata for cell culture and for studies of the mechanism of cell adhesion. 相似文献
2.
Sabrina Nickel Farnusch Kaschani Tom Colby Renier A.L. van der Hoorn Markus Kaiser 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2012,20(2):601-606
Activity-based protein profiling represents a powerful methodology to probe the activity state of enzymes under various physiological conditions. Here we present the development of a para-nitrophenol phosphonate activity-based probe with structural similarities to the potent agrochemical paraoxon. We demonstrate that this probes labels distinct serine hydrolases with the carboxylesterase CXE12 as the predominant target in Arabidopsis thaliana. The designed probe features a distinct labeling pattern and therefore represents a promising chemical tool to investigate physiological roles of selected serine hydrolases such as CXE12 in plant biology. 相似文献
3.
M. I. Jsselstijn J. Kaiser F. L. van Delft H. E. Schoemaker F. P. J. T. Rutjes 《Amino acids》2003,24(3):263-266
Summary. Novel synthetic procedures for the modification of non-proteinogenic acetylene-containing amino acids have been developed.
The functionalization either proceeds via zinc/copper-mediated introduction of alkyl substituents, or via tungsten-catalyzed
ring-closing alkyne metathesis reactions.
Received March 28, 2002 Accepted October 3, 2002 Published online December 18, 2002
Acknowledgements These investigations are supported (in part) by the Netherlands Research Council for Chemical Sciences (CW) with financial
aid from the Netherlands Technology Foundation (STW).
Authors' address: Floris P. J. T. Rutjes, Prof. Dr., Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen,
The Netherlands, E-mail: rutjes@sci.kun.nl
2, selected data: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.32 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.44–4.40 (m, 1H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 2.75–2.73 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 171.0, 155.0, 80.3, 74.6, 52.6, 51.9, 41.7, 28.3, 24.0; mp = 55°C.
Typical procedure for 5: zinc dust (116 mg, 1.408 mmol) was weighed into a 20 mL flask, which was repeatedly evacuated (with heating using a heat
gun) and flushed with argon. Dry DMF (0.5 mL, distilled from CaH2) and 1,2-dibromoethane (9.2 μL, 0.106 mmol) were added and the flask was heated at 80°C for 40 min. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature,
trimethylsilyl chloride (4 μL, 0.035 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred vigorously for a further 30 min under argon. Iodocyclohexane
(69 μl, 0.528 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 3 h more after which stirring was ceased to settle the zinc.
CuCN (41 mg, 0.458 mmol) and LiCl (40 mg, 0.915 mmol) were heated to 150°C for 2 h and cooled to room temperature. Addition
of DMF (1 mL) formed a soluble CuCN·2LiCl complex within 5 min. After cooling the Cu-complex to −15°C, the organozinc reagent
was added dropwise followed by the bromoacetylene 2 (116 mg, 0.352 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir overnight at room temperature. Water was added and the suspension was
extracted using heptane, washed with brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Purification using flash column chromatography (10% EtOAc in heptane) yielded 5 (100 mg, 81%) as a colorless oil. 5: IR ν 3355, 2929, 2852, 2359, 2337, 1749, 1717, 1498, 1447, 1365, 1251, 1181, 1060; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.28 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.43–4.38 (m, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 2.69–2.63 (m, 2H), 2.13 (m, 1H), 1.73–1.22 (m, 10H), 1.43 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 171.4, 155.0, 88.1, 79.9, 73.8, 52.3, 32.7, 32.7, 28.8, 28.2, 25.8, 24.6, 23.1; HRMS (EI): calculated for C17H27NO4 309.1940, found 309.1937.
A solution of the tungsten catalyst (7 mg, 10 mol%) in C6H5Cl (2 mL) was treated with a solution of 14 (49.0 mg, 0.120 mmol) in C6H5Cl (5.0 mL) under an argon atmosphere and the resulting mixture was heated at 80°C for 3 h. Evaporation followed by flash
column chromatography (80% EtOAc in heptane) afforded 15 (21.0 mg, 50%; 64% after correction for starting material) and 14 (16 mg, 33%) as colorless oils. 15: [α]D =–14.6 (c = 1, CH2Cl2); IR ν 3313, 2931, 2865, 2249, 1744, 1667, 1520, 1366, 1170; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.14 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.08 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (q, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.27 (q, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 2.17–2.15 (m, 4H), 2.07–1.96 (m, 2H), 1.79–1.52 (m, 4H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.89–0.83 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 173.2, 171.8, 155.8, 80.4, 80.2, 79.3, 53.8, 52.5, 51.2, 32.8 (2×), 28.1, 24.6, 24.2, 18.3 (2×); HRMS (EI): calculated for
C18H28N2O5 相似文献
4.
Abstract. Although the oesophageal appendages in the four enchytraeids Enchytrueus crypticus, Fredericia strinta, Buchholzia appendiculata , and Achaeta sp. are quite different from one another in shape and position, their histology and ultrastructure are basically the same. These are intestinal appendages, the lumina of which distally end blind and proximally open into the oesophagus. Almost all of the few cells in their single-layered epithelium have a microvillous, cilia-free border at the apex, facing towards the lumen, and basally comprise an extremely extensive labyrinth. The presence of the latter, composed of very thin cell processes, and of numerous mitochondria identifies the organs as energy-producing and -consuming, transport-active structures. Their possible function as a food-moistening organ or osmoregulatory organ is discussed, and they are compared with other intestinal appendages in enchytraeids and other oligochaetes. 相似文献
5.
6.
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a Gram-negative bacterium that has a significant impact on both human and animal health. It is one of the most common food-borne pathogens responsible for a self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and a similar disease in pigs, cattle and chickens. In contrast, intravenous challenge with S. Typhimurium provides a valuable model for systemic infection, often causing a typhoid-like infection, with bacterial replication resulting in the destruction of the spleen and liver of infected animals. Resistance to systemic salmonellosis in chickens is partly genetically determined, with bacterial numbers at systemic sites in resistant lines being up to 1000-fold fewer than in susceptible lines. Identification of genes contributing to disease resistance will enable genetic selection of resistant lines that will reduce Salmonella levels in poultry flocks. We previously identified a novel resistance locus on Chromosome 5, designated SAL1 . Through the availability of high-density SNP panels in the chicken, combined with advanced back-crossing of the resistant and susceptible lines, we sought to refine the SAL1 locus and identify potential positional candidate genes. Using a 6th generation backcross mapping population, we have confirmed and refined the SAL1 locus as lying between 54.0 and 54.8 Mb on the long arm of Chromosome 5 ( F = 8.72, P = 0.00475). This region spans 14 genes, including two very striking functional candidates; CD27-binding protein ( Siva ) and the RAC -alpha serine/threonine protein kinase homolog , AKT1 ( protein kinase B , PKB ). 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
Wilfried Stubbe 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1953,85(2):180-209
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 7 Textabbildungen.In ausführlicherer Form und mit zahlreichen Abbildungen als Dissertation bei der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität München eingereicht. 相似文献
10.
Conformation of Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gly bound in the active site of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate dependent protein kinase 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H N Bramson N E Thomas W T Miller D C Fry A S Mildvan E T Kaiser 《Biochemistry》1987,26(14):4666-4670
Studies utilizing NMR spectroscopy have shown that adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) probably binds Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gly (peptide 1) in one of two extended coil conformations (A or B). The relative reactivities of a series of N-methylated peptides based on the structure of peptide 1 might, therefore, be related to how well each can assume the A or B conformation. From estimates of the magnitude of steric interactions that would be induced by N-methylation of an amide in peptide 1 that is locked in either conformation, the ability of each peptide to form that conformation was predicted. The ability of A-kinase to catalyze phosphorylation of the N-methylated peptides correlated well with the ability of each peptide to form conformation A, but not conformation B. In accord with these findings, the reactivity of an unreactive N-methylated peptide was partially restored by a second change, which allowed the peptide to assume conformation A. These results suggest that, when bound in the enzymatic active site, peptide 1 has a conformation that resembles structure A much more closely than structure B. 相似文献