腺苷酸激酶与AMP信号在感知及维持机体能量中的作用

腺苷酸激酶（AK）是催化各种腺嘌呤核苷酸相互转化的一种磷酸转移酶,其在维持细胞能量平衡中起着重要的作用。AK有七种亚型,在线粒体、胞浆、细胞核之间的能量转移和分布中起着至关重要的作用。细胞内、细胞外和血液中的AMP水平是机体能量感知、睡眠、冬眠和食物摄取的代谢信号。高于或低于正常水平的AMP信号与人类疾病相关。AK及其下游的AMP信号组成了一个完整的代谢监测系统,通过检测细胞能量状态变化,从而调整对代谢感受器传递的信号。详细阐述了AK和AMP在感知及维持机体能量中的作用。     

中国两种波腿蝗（蝗总科：癞蝗科）染色体C带核型研究

报道中国两种波腿蝗的染色体C带核型,结果表明：红胫波腿蝗Asiotmethis zacharjini (Bei-Bienko, 1926) 2n ♂ =18, neo-X为亚中着丝粒染色体,其他均为近端着丝粒染色体,染色体除强染的着丝粒C带,S8染色体具强染端部C带带纹,neo-Y染色体还具有一条宽的弱染的近着丝粒端居间C带,性别决定机制是neo-XY ♂型,该种染色体组成和性别决定机制在我国癞蝗中为首次报道,蓝胫波腿蝗Asiotmethis jubatus (Uvarov, 1926) 2n＝19♂,均为近端着丝粒染色体,仅具有明显强染的着丝粒C带,性别决定机制是XO ♂型;两种波腿蝗的异染色质含量存在显著性差异（α=0.05）。     

Tumor-Produced Versican V1 Enhances hCAP18/LL-37 Expression in Macrophages through Activation of TLR2 and Vitamin D3 Signaling to Promote Ovarian Cancer Progression In Vitro

Tumor-associated macrophages have been shown to promote tumor growth. They may have an obligatory function in angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through release of inflammatory mediators. Their presence in ovarian cancer has been correlated with poor prognosis in these patients. The human cationic antimicrobial protein-18 (hCAP18)/LL-37 was originally identified as an effector molecule of the innate immune system. It is released by innate immune cells, such as macrophages, to combat microorganisms. Previous studies have characterized the hCAP18/LL-37 as a growth factor that has been shown to promote ovarian tumor progression. However, the role hCAP18/LL-37 has in macrophage-promoted ovarian tumor development and how its expression is controlled in this context remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate in co-culture experiments of macrophages and ovarian cancer cells a significant increase in the in vitro proliferation and invasiveness of the tumor cells is observed. These enhanced growth and invasion properties correlated with hCAP18/LL-37 induction. HCAP18/LL-37 expression was diminished by addition of two neutralizing antibodies, TLR2 or TLR6, as well as Cyp27B1 or VDR inhibitors. Furthermore, either the TLR2 or TLR6 antibody reduced vitamin D3 signaling and tumor cell progression in vitro. Addition of Cyp27B1 or VDR inhibitors abrogated TLR2/6 activation-induced expression of hCAP18/LL-37 in macrophages. Knockdown of tumor-produced versican V1 by RNAi in these tumor cells led to a decreased induction of hCAP18/LL-37 in macrophages. Versican V1 knockdown also inhibited TLR2 and vitamin D3 signaling, as well as growth and invasiveness of these tumor cells in the in vitro co-culture. In summary, we have found that versican V1 enhances hCAP18/LL-37 expression in macrophages through activation of TLR2 and subsequent vitamin D-dependent mechanisms which promote ovarian tumor progression in vitro.     

小麦线粒体DNA的高效提取方法

以小麦黄化苗为材料, 通过简单差速离心、DNaseⅠ处理得到无核DNA杂质的线粒体, 用SDS和蛋白酶K裂解线粒体, 经酚/氯仿抽提除去蛋白, 并用RNase A消化而得到单纯线粒体DNA(mtDNA)。对所提取的mtDNA进行紫外吸收光度分析, A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ 平均为1.92, A260/A230 平均为2.09, 平均每克黄化苗可提取mtDNA 26.85 mg; 并对mtDNA进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳和RAPD扩增, 均得到清晰的电泳图谱。结果表明: 此提取方法得到的mtDNA, 不但产率高、结构完整, 而且能有效去除核DNA、RNA和蛋白质等杂质, 获得高质量的mtDNA用于PCR反应和各种遗传学分析。研究还发现, 通过调整线粒体裂解温度(先50℃裂解1 h, 再37℃裂解1 h), 亦可大幅度提高mtDNA的产率。     

中国红豆杉内生细菌的分离鉴定及活性研究

从中国红豆杉的茎中分离得到两株内生细菌G18、F19,通过生物学特性和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定这两株菌分别为假单胞菌属(Psudomonas)和寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)细菌.活性研究表明,G18、F19发酵液均对3种病原细菌有抑制作用,分剐对棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)和柑橘炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)有较强的抑制作用.G18和F19分别能降解水杨酸和敌敌畏.