Study of the Compression Dynamics of a Fiber Liner with a Deuterated Target Mounted on the Axis

Plasma Physics Reports - Compression of a fiber array with a deuterated target mounted on its axis is studied at the Angara-5-1 facility (3.5 MA, 100 ns). Cylindrical arrays with an initial...     

Myocardial electrodynamics during electrical systole]

A dipole equivalent generator of heart is considered, which represents a circuit containing an active, capacitive and inductive resistance. The model makes it possible to solve a direct diagnostic task for the electric systole. A differential equation for the integral electrical vector of the heart in the dipole approximation was solved. A model vector electrocardiogram and a linear electrocardiogram for the electrical heart parameters are presented.     

Study of the Compression of a Condensed Deuterated Target Installed on the Wire Array Axis

Plasma Physics Reports - The implosion of combined loads consisting of an outer wire (fiber) array and inner cylindrical target was studied experimentally at the Angara-5-1 facility (3.5 MA, 100...     

Formation of hot spots in the plasma of a Z-pinch produced from low-density deuterated polyethylene

Results are presented from experimental studies of the plasma formation dynamics in a Z-pinch produced from a cylindrical microporous agar-agar load. The experiments were performed on the S-300 facility at a current of 2 MA and current rise time of 100 ns. To enhance the energy concentration, a deuterated polyethylene neck with a mass density of 50–75 μg/cm³ and diameter of 1–2 mm was made in the central part of the load. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the Z-pinch were studied using an optical streak camera and fast frame photography in the optical and soft X-ray spectral ranges. X-ray emission was detected using semiconductor and vacuum diodes, and neutron emission was studied by means of the time-of-flight method. It is found that, in the course of continuous plasma production, hot spots with a diameter of 100 μm form in the pinch plasma. The hot spots emit short soft X-ray pulses with a duration of 2–4 ns, as well as neutron pulses with an average neutron energy of about 2.45 MeV. The maximum neutron yield was found to be 4.5 × 10⁹ neutrons per shot. The scenario of hot spot formation is adequately described by two-dimensional MHD simulations.     

Energetic aspects of propagation of action potential

On the basis of the electrical analogue of an action potential suggested previously, the distribution of electrical field outside and inside the membrane was obtained. The energy released upon the propagation of a single action potential along the nerve fibre was calculated. A comparison of the results with the available data showed the correctness of the calculations performed.     

Methodological features of magnetic resonance imaging mammography

By studying 211 females by currently available radiation techniques, such as X-ray study, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging mammography (MRIM), the authors consider that the specificity of contrast-enhanced MRIM (CE MRIM) is greater than that of MRIM without administering magnetic resonance contrast agents (MRCA). CE MRIM reveals clinically suspicious early-stage breast lesions and defines the stage of a tumorous process, the patients being unexposed to ionizing irradiation. CE MRIM as an auxiliary technique becomes one of the most informative ones, particularly in girls, early reproductive-age females with developed glandular tissue, and pregnant females. In the authors' opinion, the total algorithm of a breast study in this group of patients in specialized medical centers where trained physicians work should differ from the generally accepted algorithm: instead of applying X-ray mammography (XRM) as a basic method of primary diagnosis, ultrasound mammography using Doppler color mapping, followed by MRIM or XRM should be employed.     

Potentialities of magnetic resonance imaging in the study of renal morphofunctional state in girls with internal genital malformations and space-occupying lesions

The diagnosis of the anatomic and functional state of urinary organs in girls with internal genital malformations and space-occupying lesions involves magnetic resonance imaging by administering the optimized dose of a magnetic resonance contrast agent (MRCA). The technology makes it possible to evaluate the anatomic features of the urinary tract (magnetic resonance urography), to perform abdominal vascular magnetic resonance angiography, and to draw a conclusion on renal functional status in the use of dynamic magnetic resonance renography. Within a study using one injected MRCA dose, both the anatomic and functional state of the kidney status can be examined, by evaluating MRCA passage singly in the cortical and medullary substances and pelvises, which increases diagnostic accuracy by 46% and promotes the optimization of management tactics in this category of patients.     

Magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of chronic endometritis: capacities and methodic features

By examining 83 females aged 17-48 years by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the authors conclude that the specificity and sensitivity of the technique without MR contrast agents in detecting chronic endometritis (CE) and chronic metroendometritis (CME) are 75.3 and 95.9%, respectively. On the MRI scans, hypertrophic and atrophic forms of CE have rather specific MR signs and appear as changes not only in the functional layer of the endometrium and transitional area, but also in the proper myometrium in CME. This all permits evaluating the degree of uterine wall involvement in the pathological process. Overall, the MRI criteria proposed by the authors can identify the signs of a chronic inflammatory process and its sequels and make a differential diagnosis this condition with female genital diseases to a high accuracy.     

Comparative Characteristic of the Biological Structure,Stock Status,and Commercial Fishing Use of Pacific Salmons (Oncorhynchus,Salmonidae) of the Magadan Region in the end of the 20th and Early 21st Centuries

Journal of Ichthyology - The article presents information on the long-term behavior of biological indicators and returns and catches of three species of the Pacific salmon, namely, pink salmon...     

Dynamics of morphological changes in the rectus abdominis in different approaches to the bile ducts

The experiments on 10 rabbits have shown that morphological and ultrastructural changes in musculus rectus of the abdomen depended on the type of approach chosen for gall duct surgery. The most pronounced changes were observed in the muscle following transversal oblique incision according to S. P. Fedorov--T. Kocher approach and pararectal Louson--Tatit incision. With medial approarch the changes were much less marked. The animals operated on by supermedial incision served as control. The findings obtained show the advantages of medial approach over the traditional ones.