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1.
Violetta R. Beklemisheva Polina L. Perelman Natalya A. Lemskaya Anastasia I. Kulemzina Anastasia A. Proskuryakova Vladimir N. Burkanov Alexander S. Graphodatsky 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Karyotype evolution in Carnivora is thoroughly studied by classical and molecular cytogenetics and supplemented by reconstructions of Ancestral Carnivora Karyotype (ACK). However chromosome painting information from two pinniped families (Odobenidae and Otariidae) is noticeably missing. We report on the construction of the comparative chromosome map for species from each of the three pinniped families: the walrus (Odobenus rosmarus, Odobenidae–monotypic family), near threatened Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus, Otariidae) and the endemic Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica, Phocidae) using combination of human, domestic dog and stone marten whole-chromosome painting probes. The earliest karyological studies of Pinnipedia showed that pinnipeds were characterized by a pronounced karyological conservatism that is confirmed here with species from Phocidae, Otariidae and Odobenidae sharing same low number of conserved human autosomal segments (32). Chromosome painting in Pinnipedia and comparison with non-pinniped carnivore karyotypes provide strong support for refined structure of ACK with 2n = 38. Constructed comparative chromosome maps show that pinniped karyotype evolution was characterized by few tandem fusions, seemingly absent inversions and slow rate of genome rearrangements (less then one rearrangement per 10 million years). Integrative comparative analyses with published chromosome painting of Phoca vitulina revealed common cytogenetic signature for Phoca/Pusa branch and supports Phocidae and Otaroidea (Otariidae/Odobenidae) as sister groups. We revealed rearrangements specific for walrus karyotype and found the chromosomal signature linking together families Otariidae and Odobenidae. The Steller sea lion karyotype is the most conserved among three studied species and differs from the ACK by single fusion. The study underlined the strikingly slow karyotype evolution of the Pinnipedia in general and the Otariidae in particular. 相似文献
2.
Romanenko S. A. Lemskaya N. A. Beklemisheva V. P. Perelman P. L. Serdukova N. A. Graphodatsky A. S. 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(9):1138-1142
Here, we present analysis of data on comparative chromosome painting produced using various chromosome-specific libraries
for members of different Glires groups. Based on the results of comparative cytogenetic and molecular studies, the modern
rodents can be conventionally classified into two groups with sharply differing directions and tempos of karyotypic evolution.
One group (suborders Sciuromorpha, Castorimorpha, and Anomaluromorpha) preserved conserved genomes, which are probably close
in structure to the genome of the ancestor of all mammals. The genomes of the other group (suborder Myomorpha) underwent “catastrophic
evolution,” which resulted in numerous breaks and fusions of the ancient chromosomes. The current data do not allow unambiguously
assigning the order Hystricomorpha to any of these groups. 相似文献
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4.
Kulemzina I. Biltueva L. S. Trifonov V. A. Perelman P. L. Staroselec Y. Y. Beklemisheva V. R. Vorobieva N. V. Serdukova N. A. Graphodatsky A. S. 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(9):1132-1137
This short communication is a review of key trends in the karyotypic evolution of mammalian taxa Laurasiatheria, inferred
from comparative chromosome painting. 相似文献
5.
Involvement of rabphilin-3A-like (RPH3AL), or Noc2, the potential effector of Ras-associated binding proteins Rab3A and Rab27A in the regulation of exocytotic processes in the endocrine pancreas has been demonstrated in experimental models. Noc2 expression together with other regulatory molecules of the exocytotic machinery in human tissues, however, has not been studied. We evaluated immunohistochemical expression of the key molecules of the exocytotic machinery, Noc2, Rab3A, Rab27A, and RIM2, together with the characteristic islet cell hormones, insulin and glucagon in normal and endocrine tumor tissues of human pancreas. Normal pancreatic islets were stained for all of these proteins and showed strong cytoplasmic localization. A similar pattern of strong cytoplasmic expression of these proteins was observed in the majority of endocrine tumors. By contrast, the exocrine portions of normal appearing pancreas completely lacked Rab27A staining and showed decreased expression of the proteins, Noc2, Rab3A, and RIM2. The staining pattern of Noc2 and Rab27A was similar to the staining pattern of glucagon-producing cells within the islets. The concomitant expression of Noc2 with these molecules suggests that Noc2 may serve as an effector for Rab3A and Rab27A and that it is involved in the regulation of exocytosis of the endocrine pancreas in humans. 相似文献
6.
Molecular phylogeny of Neotropical bioluminescent beetles (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) in southern and central Brazil
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Bioluminescence in beetles is found mainly in the Elateroidea superfamily (Elateridae, Lampyridae and Phengodidae). The Neotropical region accounts for the richest diversity of bioluminescent species in the world with about 500 described species, most occurring in the Amazon, Atlantic rainforest and Cerrado (savanna) ecosystems in Brazil. The origin and evolution of bioluminescence, as well as the taxonomic status of several Neotropical taxa in these families remains unclear. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the phylogeny and evolution of bioluminescent Elateroidea we sequenced and analyzed sequences of mitochondrial NADH2 and the nuclear 28S genes and of the cloned luciferase sequences of Brazilian species belonging to the following genera: (Lampyridae) Macrolampis, Photuris, Amydetes, Bicellonycha, Aspisoma, Lucidota, Cratomorphus; (Elateridae) Conoderus, Pyrophorus, Hapsodrilus, Pyrearinus, Fulgeochlizus; and (Phengodidae) Pseudophengodes, Phrixothrix, Euryopa and Brasilocerus. Our study supports a closer phylogenetic relationship between Elateridae and Phengodidae as other molecular studies, in contrast with previous morphologic and molecular studies that clustered Lampyridae/Phengodidae. Molecular data also supported division of the Phengodinae subfamily into the tribes Phengodini and Mastinocerini. The position of the genus Amydetes supports the status of the Amydetinae as a subfamily. The genus Euryopa is included in the Mastinocerini tribe within the Phengodinae/Phengodidae. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
The ability to discriminate between galactose and N- acetylgalactosamine,
observed in some lectins, is crucial for their biological activity as well
as their usefulness as tools in biology and medicine. However, the
molecular basis of differential binding of lectins to these two sugars is
poorly understood. Peanut agglutinin (PNA) is one of the few
galactose-specific legume lectins which does not bind N-
acetylgalactosamine at all and is, therefore, ideal for the study of the
basis of specificity towards C-2 substituted derivatives of
galactopyranosides. Examination of the three-dimensional structure of PNA
in complex with lactose revealed the presence of both a longer loop and
bulkier residues in the region surrounding the C-2 hydroxyl of the
galactopyranoside ring, which can sterically prevent the accommodation of a
bulky substituent in this position. One such residue, is a glutamic acid at
position 129 which protrudes into the binding site and perhaps directly
obstructs any substitution at the C-2 position. Two mutants in bacterially
expressed PNA were therefore constructed. These were E129D and E129A, in
which Glu129 was replaced by Asp and Ala, respectively. The specificity of
the mutants for galactose, galactosamine, and N- acetylgalactosamine was
examined through observing the inhibition of hemagglutination and binding
of the lectin to immobilized asialofetuin. The results showed that the
affinity of E129A and E129D for C-2-substituted derivatives of the
galactose varies. The mutant E129D showed significant binding towards N-
acetylgalactosamine, suggesting that the residue Glu 129 is crucial in
imparting exclusive galactose-specificity upon PNA. This study not only
attempts to provide an explanation for the inability of PNA to accommodate
C-2-substituted derivatives at its primary subsite, but also seeks to
present a basis for engineering lectins with altered specificities.
相似文献
8.
Alexey А. Moskalev Anna V. Kudryavtseva Alexander S. Graphodatsky Violetta R. Beklemisheva Natalya A. Serdyukova Konstantin V. Krutovsky Ivan V. Kulakovskiy Andrey S. Lando Artem S. Kasianov Dmitry A. Kuzmin Yuliya A. Putintseva Sergey I. Feranchuk Mikhail V. Shaposhnikov Vadim E. Fraifeld Dmitri Toren Anastasia V. Snezhkina Vasily V. Sitnik 《BMC evolutionary biology》2017,17(2):258
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Satish Kumar Rajasekhara Reddy Ravuri Padmaja Koneru BP Urade BN Sarkar A Chandrasekar VR Rao 《BMC evolutionary biology》2009,9(1):173-5