In seven patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and ultrastructural and morphometric study was performed on neutrophilic granulopoiesis in bone marrow trephine biopsies. Bone marrow specimens from five patients without hematological abnormalities served as controls. In stable phases of CML, abnormalities of the maturing granulocytic lineage were most conspicuously expressed by an infrequently occurring nuclear disfiguration (blebs and disturbed bridging of segments). Morphometric evaluation included the numbers of azurphil (primary) and specific (secondary) granules, the cisternal length of the endoplasmic reticulum and the area of the mitochondrial profiles. These variables could be determined in early and late myeloblasts, promyelocytes, metamyelocytes, band cells and mature polymorphonuclear granulocytes. Statistical analysis with regard to control specimens demonstrated no significant differences in the total amount of neutrophil granules or of the other cell organelles. 相似文献
The polyether bridged diphosphines, (n = 1,2) have been prepared in 60–70% yield by reduction of the corresponding diphosphinedioxides with Si2Cl6 or (i-Bu)2AlH. These diphosphinedioxides have been prepared in 75–90% yield by reaction of two equivalents of the appropriate with one equivalent of di- and triethylene glycol ditosylate.In general, reaction between the diphosphines, Rh(COD)acac and HClO4 gives a mixture of species, cis-[Rh(COD)()] [ClO4] being the main complex. This complex reacts with CO to η3-trans- [)] [ClO4]. 相似文献
Reproducibility and reusability of the results of data-based modeling studies are essential. Yet, there has been—so far—no broadly supported format for the specification of parameter estimation problems in systems biology. Here, we introduce PEtab, a format which facilitates the specification of parameter estimation problems using Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) models and a set of tab-separated value files describing the observation model and experimental data as well as parameters to be estimated. We already implemented PEtab support into eight well-established model simulation and parameter estimation toolboxes with hundreds of users in total. We provide a Python library for validation and modification of a PEtab problem and currently 20 example parameter estimation problems based on recent studies. 相似文献
Amplification of immunohistochemical markers received considerable attention during the 1980s and 1990s. The amplification approach was largely abandoned following the development of antigen retrieval and reporter amplification techniques, because the latter were incorporated more easily into high throughput automated procedures in industrial and diagnostic laboratories. There remain, however, a number of instances where marker amplification still has much to offer. Consequently, we examined experimentally the utility of an optimized marker amplification technique in diagnostically relevant tissue where either the original signal strength was low or positive sites were visible, but sparsely distributed. Marker amplification in the former case not only improved the visibility of existing positive sites, but also revealed additional sites that previously were undetectable. In the latter case, positive sites were rendered more intense and therefore more easily seen during low magnification examination of large areas of tissue. 相似文献
Numerous studies have shown that food proteins may be a source of bioactive peptides. Those peptides are encrypted in the protein sequence. They stay inactive within the parental protein until release by proteolytic enzymes (Mine and Kovacs-Nolan in Worlds Poult Sci J 62(1):87–95, 2006; Hartman and Miesel in Curr Opin Biotechnol 18:163–169, 2007). Once released the bioactive peptides exhibit several biofunctionalities and may serve therapeutic roles in body systems. Opioid peptides, peptides lowering high blood pressure, inhibiting platelet aggregation as well as being carriers of metal ions and peptides with immunostimulatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities have been described (Hartman and Miesel in Curr Opin Biotechnol 18:163–169, 2007). The biofunctional abilities of the peptides have therefore aroused a lot of scientific, technological and consumer interest with respect to the role of dietary proteins in controlling and influencing health (Möller et al. in Eur J Nutr 47(4):171–182, 2008). Biopeptides may find wide application in food production, the cosmetics industry as well as in the prevention and treatment of various medical conditions. They are manufactured by chemical and biotechnological methods (Marx in Chem Eng News 83(11):17–24. 2005; Hancock and Sahl in Nat Biotechnol 24(12):1551–1557, 2006). Depending on specific needs (food or pharmaceutical industry) different degrees of peptide purifications are required. This paper discusses the practicability of manufacturing bioactive peptides, especially from food proteins. 相似文献
The experiment was organized in a 3×2 factorial arrangement with three dietary fat blends and a basal (20 mg kg?1 diet) or supplemented (220 mg kg?1) level of α-tocopheryl acetate. Dietary vitamin E and monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio (dietary MUFA/PUFA) affected muscle α-tocopherol concentration (α-tocopherol [log μg g?1]=0.18 (±0.105)+0.0034 (±0.0003)·dietary α-tocopherol [mg kg?1 diet] (P<0.0001)+0.39 (±0.122)·dietary MUFA/PUFA (P<0.0036)). An interaction between dietary α-tocopherol and dietary MUFA/PUFA exists for microsome α-tocopherol concentration (α-tocopherol [log μg g?1]=1.14 (±0.169) (P<0.0001)+0.0056 (±0.00099)·dietary α-tocopherol [mg kg?1 diet] (P<0.0001)+0.54 (±0.206)·dietary MUFA/PUFA (P<0.0131)?0.0033 (±0.0011)·dietary α-tocopherol [mg kg?1)]×dietary MUFA/PUFA (P<0.0067)), and hexanal concentration in meat (hexanal [ng·g?1]=14807.9 (±1489.8)?28.8 (±10.6) dietary α-tocopherol [mg·kg?1] (P<0.01)?8436.6 (±1701.6)·dietary MUFA/PUFA (P<0.001)+24.0 (±11.22)·dietary α-tocopherol·dietary MUFA/PUFA (P<0.0416)). It is concluded that partial substitution of dietary PUFA with MUFA lead to an increase in the concentration of α-tocopherol in muscle and microsome extracts. An interaction between dietary α-tocopherol and fatty acids exists, in which at low level of dietary vitamin E inclusion, a low MUFA/PUFA ratio leads to a reduction in the concentration of α-tocopherol in microsome extracts and a concentration of hexanal in meat above the expected values. 相似文献
Rhodamines were first produced in the late 19th century, when they constituted a new class of synthetic dyes. These compounds since have been used to color many things including cosmetics, inks, textiles, and in some countries, food products. Certain rhodamine dyes also have been used to stain biological specimens and currently are widely used as fluorescent probes for mitochondria in living cells. The early history and current biological applications are sketched briefly and an account of the ambiguities, complications and confusions concerning dye identification and nomenclature are discussed. 相似文献
Malachite green was discovered independently by two researchers in Germany in the 19th century and found immediate employment as a dye and a pigment. Subsequently, other uses, such as staining biological specimens, emerged. A much later application was the control of fungal and protozoan infections in fish, for which the dye remains popular, although illegal in many countries owing to a variety of toxicity problems. In solution, malachite green can exist as five different species depending on the pH. The location of the positive charge of the colored cation on a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom is still debated. The original names of this dye, and their origins, are briefly surveyed. 相似文献