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1.
Aina Leeben Rene Freiberg Ilmar Tõnno Toomas Kõiv Tiiu Alliksaar Atko Heinsalu 《Hydrobiologia》2013,710(1):227-240
We applied a multi-proxy palaeolimnological approach to provide insights into the natural variability and human-mediated trends of two interconnected temperate large shallow lakes, Peipsi and Võrtsjärv, during the twentieth century. The history of the lakes was assessed on the basis of age-related changes in the sediment main constituents (water, organic matter and carbonate), sub-fossil pigments, diatom assemblages and organic matter dissolved in pore water. The temporal changes in the palaeodata indicate an increase of the in-lake biological production in both lakes from about the 1960s, suggesting enhanced nutrient inputs. In subsequent decades, the gradual increase of autochthonous organic matter becomes more obvious, indicating progressive eutrophication of the lakes. Palaeolimnological indicators from the sediment record of Lake Peipsi indicate a slight recession of the lake’s eutrophication in the 1990s but not for Lake Võrtsjärv. The results of the study also suggest that after the lakes became eutrophied, the climatically induced water-level fluctuations ceased to be the main driver determining the abundance of phytoplankton. Responses of the lakes to human-induced impacts are better recorded in the sediments of Lake Peipsi than in those of Lake Võrtsjärv, which is shallower of the two and where the wave-induced resuspension of deposits markedly smooths or erases the signals of environmental changes. The results of the investigation expand the knowledge on how large shallow lakes respond to human-mediated and natural perturbations, including those in the lake catchment areas and the capability of the lakes to store the chronology and sequence of these changes. 相似文献
2.
Kai Truusalu Raik-Hiio Mikelsaar Paul Naaber Tõnis Karki Tiiu Kullisaar Mihkel Zilmer Marika Mikelsaar 《BMC microbiology》2008,8(1):132
Background
The aim of the study was to detect whether in experimental Salmonella enterica Typhimurium infection the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 in combination with fluoroquinolone therapy would eradicate S. Typhimurium, prevent the development of liver and spleen granulomas and improve the indices of oxidative stress in the ileum mucosa. 相似文献3.
4.
Quantitative Superresolution Microscopy Reveals Differences in Nuclear DNA Organization of Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance 下载免费PDF全文
Chirawadee Sathitruangsak Christiaan H. Righolt Ludger Klewes Pille Tammur Tiiu Ilus Anu Tamm Mari Punab Adebayo Olujohungbe Sabine Mai 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2015,116(5):704-710
The mammalian nucleus has a distinct substructure that cannot be visualized directly by conventional microscopy. In this study, the organization of the DNA within the nucleus of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, their precursor cells (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MGUS) and control lymphocytes of the representative patients is visualized and quantified by superresolution microscopy. Three‐dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D‐SIM) increases the spatial resolution beyond the limits of conventional widefield fluorescence microscopy. 3D‐SIM reveals new insights into the nuclear architecture of cancer as we show for the first time that it resolves organizational differences in intranuclear DNA organization of myeloma cells in MGUS and in MM patients. In addition, we report a significant increase in nuclear submicron DNA structure and structure of the DNA‐free space in myeloma nuclei compared to normal lymphocyte nuclei. Our study provides previously unknown details of the nanoscopic DNA architecture of interphase nuclei of the normal lymphocytes, MGUS and MM cells. This study opens new avenues to understanding the disease progression from MGUS to MM. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 704–710, 2015. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
5.
Richard P. Shefferson Tiiu Kull Michael J. Hutchings Marc‐André Selosse Hans Jacquemyn Kimberly M. Kellett Eric S. Menges Richard B. Primack Juha Tuomi Kirsi Alahuhta Sonja Hurskainen Helen M. Alexander Derek S. Anderson Rein Brys Emilia Brzosko Slavomir Dostálik Katharine Gregg Zdeněk Ipser Anne Jäkäläniemi Jana Jersáková W. Dean Kettle Melissa K. McCormick Ana Mendoza Michael T. Miller Asbjørn Moen Dag‐Inge Øien Ülle Püttsepp Mélanie Roy Nancy Sather Nina Sletvold Zuzana Štípková Kadri Tali Robert J. Warren II Dennis F. Whigham 《Ecology letters》2018,21(5):724-733
Vegetative dormancy, that is the temporary absence of aboveground growth for ≥ 1 year, is paradoxical, because plants cannot photosynthesise or flower during dormant periods. We test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses for its widespread persistence. We show that dormancy has evolved numerous times. Most species displaying dormancy exhibit life‐history costs of sprouting, and of dormancy. Short‐lived and mycoheterotrophic species have higher proportions of dormant plants than long‐lived species and species with other nutritional modes. Foliage loss is associated with higher future dormancy levels, suggesting that carbon limitation promotes dormancy. Maximum dormancy duration is shorter under higher precipitation and at higher latitudes, the latter suggesting an important role for competition or herbivory. Study length affects estimates of some demographic parameters. Our results identify life historical and environmental drivers of dormancy. We also highlight the evolutionary importance of the little understood costs of sprouting and growth, latitudinal stress gradients and mixed nutritional modes. 相似文献
6.
Karelson E Bogdanovic N Garlind A Winblad B Zilmer K Kullisaar T Vihalemm T Kairane C Zilmer M 《Neurochemical research》2001,26(4):353-361
The markers of oxidative stress were measured in four cerebrocortical regions of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-matched control brains. In controls the levels of diene conjugates (DC) and lipid peroxides (LOOH) were significantly higher in the sensory postcentral and occipital primary cortex than in the temporal inferior or frontal inferior cortex. The antioxidant capacity (AOC) was highest in the temporal, and GSH in the frontal inferior cortex. The highest activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was found in the occipital primary cortex. Compared with controls, significantly higher level of DC and LOOH and attenuated AOC were evident in AD temporal inferior cortex. In AD frontal inferior cortex moderate increase in LOOH was associated with positive correlation between SOD activity and counts of senile plaques. Our data suggest that in AD cerebral cortex, the oxidative stress is expressed in the reducing sequence: temporal inferior cortex > frontal inferior cortex > sensory postcentral cortex occipital primary cortex, corresponding to the histopathological spreading of AD from the associative to primary cortical areas. 相似文献
7.
Rando Tuvikene Kalle Truus Marju Robal Olga Volobujeva Enn Mellikov Tõnis Pehk Andres Kollist Tiiu Kailas Merike Vaher 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(1):51-63
The structure and composition of galactan from Furcellaria lumbricalis (furcellaran) were investigated in connection with rheological specificities, gel structure, and extraction conditions. The
polysaccharide was characterized by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, electrothermal
atomization atomic absorption spectrometry, and gel permeation chromatography methods. The microstructure of polymer gels
was studied using a cryofixation method in combination with freeze-drying and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.
The undersulfated furcellaran backbone consists mainly of 3,6-anhydro-d-galactose (28.5–30.1%) and galactose residues, the latter being partly sulfated in positions 4 and 6, which give rise to
some specific properties of the gel. Also, residues of 6-O-methyl-d-galactose as a minor component are found to be present. The water-extracted furcellaran with the average molecular weight
about 290 kDa is rich in nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and potassium, while the sodium content is rather low. The low sulfur
content (5.3%) and 13C-NMR spectra refer to an undersulfated nature of this galactan. The extraction of seaweeds in low concentration alkaline
solutions (instead of water) leads to a significant increase of the minimum size of the galactan particles and the value of
gel strength (more than 12 times for Rb-containing gels). The properties of the gel are dependent on specific tentacle-like
structure units present in furcellaran gels established by a high-resolution SEM. 相似文献
8.
Andres Meos Tiiu Jüriado Vallo Matto Ain Raal 《Biological trace element research》2011,140(2):244-251
Trace metal contamination is a major environmental and health problem virtually in all countries. The present study was aimed
to estimate the lead content of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) inflorescences and leaves collected from a nonpolluted test field. The lead content in dry pot marigold inflorescences
was 9.34 ± 0.79 μg/g, in dry leaves 11.57 ± 0.47 μg/g, and in soil 0.649 ± 0.012 μg/g. The distance of pot marigold collection
beds (30–220 m from the motorway) had no effect on lead content. There was a strong positive correlation between the amount
of precipitations and lead content of pot marigold leaves but not inflorescences indicating the soil as primarily the source
of increased lead content. In conclusion, no effect of motorway vicinity was found for pot marigold inflorescences or leaves
lead content; however, as a precaution, it is not recommended to collect the plants during or just after showers. 相似文献
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Conodonts, thelodonts and acanthodians have previously been collected from the P?ídolí of Shropshire (Welsh Borderland) from bone beds such as the Ludlow Bone Bed. In general, specimens collected from these types of deposit are very abraded and make taxonomic studies difficult. This contribution describes well preserved thelodont microelements from two samples from the Downton Castle Sandstone Formation (P?ídolí, Silurian) of the Much Wenlock area of Shropshire. Head scales, a wide variety of transitional scales, and pore scales of the lateral line sensory canals of the thelodont Paralogania ludlowiensis (Gross) are described for the first time. A new acanthodian Nostolepis linleyensis sp. nov. and elements from the apparatus of the conodont Ozarkodina?hemensis sp. nov. are documented from the same samples. The thelodonts in both samples are typical of upper Ludlow–P?ídolí faunas from across the Welsh Borderland, and are also present in smaller numbers in the Ludlow Series of Gotland, Sweden, Saaremaa Island, Estonia, and in Latvia and Lithuania. The conodont O? hemensis sp. nov. is restricted to the Much Wenlock area of Shropshire. The co-occurrence of well preserved elements of conodonts and thelodonts suggests that they were deposited fairly rapidly with little or no re-working and that a restricted marine environment prevailed in the early P?ídolí in the Much Wenlock area of Shropshire. 相似文献