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Yoshifumi Abe Atsuhiko Matsunaga Ryota Matsuzawa Toshiki Kutsuna Shuhei Yamamoto Kei Yoneki Manae Harada Ryoma Ishikawa Takaaki Watanabe Atsushi Yoshida 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
Walking ability is significantly lower in hemodialysis patients compared to healthy people. Decreased walking ability characterized by slow walking speed is associated with adverse clinical events, but determinants of decreased walking speed in hemodialysis patients are unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with slow walking speed in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. Subjects were 122 outpatients (64 men, 58 women; mean age, 68 years) undergoing hemodialysis. Clinical characteristics including comorbidities, motor function (strength, flexibility, and balance), and maximum walking speed (MWS) were measured and compared across sex-specific tertiles of MWS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine whether clinical characteristics and motor function could discriminate between the lowest, middle, and highest tertiles of MWS. Significant and common factors that discriminated the lowest and highest tertiles of MWS from other categories were presence of cardiac disease (lowest: odds ratio [OR] = 3.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–8.83, P<0.05; highest: OR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.18–6.84, P<0.05), leg strength (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40–0.95, P<0.05; OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39–0.82, P<0.01), and standing balance (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.63–0.92, P<0.01; OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.68–0.97, P<0.05). History of fracture (OR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.08–10.38; P<0.05) was a significant factor only in the lowest tertile. Cardiac disease, history of fracture, decreased leg strength, and poor standing balance were independently associated with slow walking speed in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. These findings provide useful data for planning effective therapeutic regimens to prevent decreases in walking ability in ambulatory hemodialysis patients. 相似文献
3.
Barbara Tillmann Pierre Jolic?ur Masami Ishihara Nathalie Gosselin Olivier Bertrand Yves Rossetti Isabelle Peretz 《PloS one》2010,5(4)
Congenital amusia is a neurogenetic disorder of music processing that is currently ascribed to a deficit in pitch processing. A recent study challenges this view and claims the disorder might arise as a consequence of a general spatial-processing deficit. Here, we assessed spatial processing abilities in two independent samples of individuals with congenital amusia by using line bisection tasks (Experiment 1) and a mental rotation task (Experiment 2). Both amusics and controls showed the classical spatial effects on bisection performance and on mental rotation performance, and amusics and controls did not differ from each other. These results indicate that the neurocognitive impairment of congenital amusia does not affect the processing of space. 相似文献
4.
Involvement of phosphatidylinositol and insulin in the coordinate regulation of proteoheparan sulfate metabolism and hepatocyte growth 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
A rat hepatocyte cell line was cultured in Higuchi's medium with fetal calf serum and insulin and labeled with 35SO2/4-. The cells were treated with a number of ligands to displace the heparan 35SO4 proteoglycan (HSPG) from the pericellular matrix. Maximum release was obtained with D-mannose-6-PO4 (50 mM), D-glucose-6-PO4 (50 mM), myo-inositol-2-PO4 (2-5 mM), myo-inositol hexaphosphate (2-5 mM), and DL-myo-inositol-1-PO4 (1-2 mM). D-myo-Inositol-1,3,4-(PO4)3 (1 mM) and L-myo-inositol-1-PO4 (2 mM) were intermediate in their ability to release the cell surface HSPG, whereas heparin (2 mg/ml), yeast phosphomannan (4 mg/ml), D-xylose-1-PO4 (50 mM), D-glucose-6-SO4 (50 mM), and myo-inositol hexasulfate (5 mM) were ineffective. When 35SO2/4- was added to cell cultures, the total cell surface HSPG increased linearly, but the percentage of the total cell surface [35SO4]HSPG that was released by myo-inositol-PO4 increased with time during the labeling period, reaching a maximum of 65% after 5 h. When cells were labeled for 12 h without insulin in the medium, the maximum amount of cell surface HSPG that was released by myo-inositol-PO4 was reduced to 30%. However, when cells labeled in the absence of insulin were treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C and then myo-inositol-PO4, the release of the cell surface [35SO4]HSPG was increased to 73%. When the [35SO4]HSPG that was released from the cell surface by treatment with myo-inositol-PO4 was added to cultures of unlabeled hepatocytes, it was taken up very rapidly and a portion of the internalized HSPG was converted to free heparan SO4 chains which appeared in the nucleus. Uptake was Ca2+- and Mg2+-independent. The amount of [35SO4]HSPG taken up was markedly reduced when the myo-inositol-PO4-releasable [35SO4]HSPG was pretreated with trypsin, thermolysin, alkaline borohydride, or alkaline phosphatase. When the cells were grown in inositol-deficient medium or in the presence of myo-inositol-PO4, the amount of heparan SO4 found in the nucleus was markedly reduced, and the cells no longer exhibited contact inhibition. These effects of myo-inositol deficiency on the growth and nuclear heparan SO4 were accentuated by addition of LiCl to the cultures to prevent phosphatidylinositol synthesis from the endogenous myo-inositol-PO4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
5.
Commercial cellulase preparations from Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus niger were immobilized on porous silica glass and ceramics such as alumina and titania with titanium tetrachloride (TiCl(4)) and on their silanized derivatives with glutaraldehyde (GLUT). The amounts of the immobilized enzymes were in the range 10-50 mg/g carrier (dry) depending on the kind of carrier and immobilization method. Their activities toward carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xylan, aryl-beta-glucoside, and aryl-beta-xyloside were 3-53% of those of the native enzymes. The optimum pH of the enzymes shifted to the acidic side in most cases, whereas the optimum temperatures were nearly the same as those of native ones. The activity of immobilized enzyme preparations towards CMC did not change significantly during continuous operation over a periods of 60 days. Finally, xylan was hydrolyzed with the immobilized enzymes, and the sugars formed were investigated. 相似文献
6.
Junichi Ishihara Nagahiro Saijo Yasutsuna Sasaki Hidehiko Nakano Akira Ozaki Hidenobu Takahashi Masanori Sakurai Kazuhiko Nakagawa Masaaki Iigo Fumihiko Kanzawa Akio Hoshi Weon Seon Hong James R. Jett Terumi Takahashi 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1987,24(3):185-189
Summary The antitumor effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rH-TNF) on two clones of rat fibrosarcoma with different metastatic potential to lymph nodes was examined. The colony formation of clone A, which has high metastatic potential, was completely inhibited by continuous exposure to rH-TNF at 50 U/ml. In contrast, colony formation of clone G, which has low metastatic potential, was not inhibited by high concentrations of rH-TNF (10,000 U/ml). The inhibitory effect of rH-TNF on colony formation by clone A was also observed with a 1-h exposure to rH-TNF. This effect was time and concentration dependent, as determined by the colony assay, 3H-thymidine uptake assay, and 51Cr-release assay. 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine uptake per cell of clone A exposed to rH-TNF was not decreased. This suggests that the mechanisms of the antitumor effect of rH-TNF were not due to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis of tumor cells. In vivo growth and lymph node metastases of clone A inoculated i.p. to Donryu strain rats were completely suppressed by 14 consecutive i.p. injections of 105 or 106 U/kg per day of rH-TNF. On the other hand the growth of clone G was not influenced by rH-TNF administration. 相似文献
7.
8.
H Oguri N Suganuma F Kikkawa Y Ishihara H Seo N Matsui Y Tomoda 《Endocrinologia japonica》1989,36(3):395-401
We have shown that administration of estrogen which increases prolactin (PRL) synthesis in the rat may be mediated by an increase in poly [adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADP-ribose)] synthesis. Present investigation was attempted to study whether poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis is involved in rat PRL gene expression during early pregnancy. Anterior pituitaries were obtained on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 of pregnancy (group C). Another group of pregnant rats was given nicotinamide, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis twice a day intra-peritoneally from day 0 to the day of sacrifice (group N). Serum estradiol (E2) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. PRL mRNA was measured by cytoplasmic dot hybridization using 32P-labeled cDNA. Poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis was assessed by incubating purified nuclei with 14C-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The serum concentration of E2 increased between days 2 and 4, and on day 6 it decreased to the level of day 0. It remained low until day 12. No difference in the serum E2 level was observed in groups C and N. In group C, PRL mRNA increased from day 2 and remained high until day 8. In group C, poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis increased between days 2 and 4, decreased on day 6 to the level of day 0, and thereafter gradually increased until day 10. Administration of nicotinamide abolished the increase in poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis observed in group C during early pregnancy. In group N, the increase in PRL mRNA was completely suppressed. It is suggested that the increase in PRL mRNA in early pregnancy may be mediated by increased poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
9.
Calyculin A and okadaic acid: inhibitors of protein phosphatase activity 总被引:44,自引:0,他引:44
H Ishihara B L Martin D L Brautigan H Karaki H Ozaki Y Kato N Fusetani S Watabe K Hashimoto D Uemura 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1989,159(3):871-877
Calyculin A and okadaic acid induce contraction in smooth muscle fibers. Okadaic acid is an inhibitor of phosphatase activity and the aims of this study were to determine if calyculin A also inhibits phosphatase and to screen effects of both compounds on various phosphatases. Neither compound inhibited acid or alkaline phosphatases, nor the phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase. Both compounds were potent inhibitors of the catalytic subunit of type-2A phosphatase, with IC50 values of 0.5 to 1 nM. With the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase type-1, calyculin A was a more effective inhibitor than okadaic acid, IC50 values for calyculin A were about 2 nM and for okadaic acid between 60 and 500 nM. The endogenous phosphatase of smooth muscle myosin B was inhibited by both compounds with IC50 values of 0.3 to 0.7 nM and 15 to 70 nM, for calyculin A and okadaic acid, respectively. The partially purified catalytic subunit from myosin B had IC50 values of 0.7 and 200 nM for calyculin A and okadaic acid, respectively. The pattern of inhibition for the phosphatase in myosin B therefore is similar to that of the type-1 enzyme. 相似文献
10.
K Itoh M Itoh S Taguchi A Ishihara 《Nihon seirigaku zasshi. Journal of the Physiological Society of Japan》1988,50(4):163-168
After 7 weeks of hypobaric-hypoxia adaptation, horseradish peroxidase was injected into the soleus muscle to label motoneurons of the spinal cord in rats. Fiber type distribution in the soleus muscle and oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons innervating the soleus muscle were examined. Fiber type was converted from slow-twitch-oxidative (SO) to fast-twitch-oxidative-glycolytic (FOG). Oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons (25-45 micron soma diameter) was increased. However, oxidative capacity of larger motoneurons (greater than or equal to 45 micron soma diameter) was not changed. These data suggest that the lack of increase in oxidative capacity of larger motoneurons (innervating SO units) by hypoxia secondarily causes fiber type shift from SO to FOG. 相似文献