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Tsi Zhan-Huo 《植物分类学报:英文版》1982,20(4):439-444
The present paper is an attempt to make a taxonomic study of the little known
orchid genus Holcoglossum, as well as a comparison of the genus with its allies, such
as Vanda, Papilionanthe, Ascolabium, Ascocentrum, Aěrides, Neofinetia and Saccolabium.
Holcoglossum was established by Schlechter in 1919 (Orchideologiae Sino-Japonicae Prodromus) as a monotypic genus, based upon Saccolabium quasipinifolium Hayata.
Five years later he published another true Holcoglossum as Aěrides flavescens, which
was referred by Tang et Wang to Saccolabium in 1951. Further investigation of this
genus was by Garay in 1972 who added two species, H. kimballiana and V. rupestris
(synonymy of Aěrides flavescens), but considered Neofinetia, a quite different taxon,
to be congeneric. It is shown that the demarcation of Holcoglossum remains cofused.
During the course of our study, the species of Holcoglossum and its allied genera are
carefully examined, we come to the conclusion that Ho lcoglossum is a distinct genus.
It is characterized by the short stem; fleshy terete or subterete, sulcate above leaves,
with their apex acute and non-lobed; thickening or keeled costa on the back of sepals,
3-lobed lip, with erect sidelobes, paralled to the column; slender and recurved spur;
footless column usually with prominent wings; 2 notched pollinia attached to linear
stipe which is tapered toward the base. In addition to Ascolabium, it differs from
Vanda, Papilionanthe, Ascocentrum, Aěrides, Neofinetia and Saccolabium by its terete
or subterete leaves on their ventral side with a furrow, from Papilionanthe by lacking
footless column, from Ascolabium by sepals and spur characters, from Ascocentrum by
slender and recurred spur, from Aěrides by the absence of a column-foot and the
appearance of spur, from Neofinetia by stipe tapered toward the base, from Saccolabi-um by both aspects of the vegetative organs and the flowers. 相似文献
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Paphiopedilum malipoense S. C. Chen et Tsi is a very interesting new species with its flower similar to that of Cypripedium, especially section Cypripedium. It belongs
to subgenus Brachypetalum, the most primitive group of Paphiopedilum, but differs from
its allied species in hgniva elliptic-lanceolate sepal with cuspidately acuminate apex, rather
narrow petals and horizontal lip, which are of common occurrence in many cypripediums, but
very rare in paphiopedilums. Apparently, this is an intermediate form, or a link, between
Paphiopedilum and Cypripedium, but it does not seem to arise from hybridization between
them, because no Cypripedium has been found wherever Paphiopedilum occurs.
The new species is distributed in southeastern Yunnan of China. In this area, as well
as in river valleys of western Yunnan or the Hengduan Mountains, there have been four
species of the same genus reported before. As we know, the Hengduan Mountains and their
adjacent areas are rich in Cypripedium. The differentiation of the genus there is remarkable. All five sections it contains occur there and three of them are quite distinctive. For
example, the general appearance of the section Bracleosa is dissimilar to that of any other
cypripediums, but closely resembles that of Listera. It appears that the difference between
sect. Bracteosa of Cypripedium and sect. Brachypetalum of Paphiopedilum is not necessarily wider than that between sect. Bracteosa and sect. Cypripedium of the same genus.
Apparently, it is reasonable to consider Paphiopedilum to be an evolutional branch of Cypripedium extending into tropical area, with its primitive group (subgenus Brachypetalum)
still remaining in its northern fringe area. This primitive subgenus has eight species, distributed from western Yunnan to the Malay Peninsula. Five of them, including the intermediate and primitive form published here, are found in the hilly land of southeastern Yunnan and the river valleys of western Yunnan. All these facts suggest its area of origin: the
river valleys of the Hengduan Mountains and the lower hilly land contiguous to the southof them. 相似文献
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