排序方式： 共有54条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Joo Paulo L. F. Guilherme Edit Bosnyk Ekaterina A. Semenova Mrta Szmodis Annamria Griff kos Mra Gbor Almsi Emese Trjer Anna Udvardy Elena S. Kostryukova Oleg V. Borisov Andrey K. Larin Liliya B. Andryushchenko Egor B. Akimov Edward V. Generozov Ildus I. Ahmetov Mikls Tth Antonio H. Lancha Junior 《Biology of sport / Institute of Sport》2021,38(3):465
The purpose of this study was to explore the association of the MCT1 gene Glu490Asp polymorphism (rs1049434) with athletic status and performance of endurance athletes. A total of 1,208 Brazilians (318 endurance athletes and 890 non-athletes) and 867 Europeans (315 endurance athletes and 552 non-athletes) were evaluated in a case–control approach. Brazilian participants were classified based on self-declared ethnicity to test whether the polymorphism was different between Caucasians and Afro-descendants. Moreover, 66 Hungarian athletes underwent an incremental test until exhaustion to assess blood lactate levels, while 46 Russian athletes had their maximum oxygen uptake ( ) compared between genotypes. In the Brazilian cohort, the major T-allele was more frequent in Caucasian top-level competitors compared to their counterparts of lower competitive level (P = 0.039), and in Afro-descendant athletes compared to non-athletes (P = 0.015). Similarly, the T-allele was more frequent in European athletes (P = 0.029). Meta-analysis of the Brazilian and European cohorts confirmed that the T-allele is over-represented in endurance athletes (OR: 1.48, P = 0.03), especially when Afro-descendant athletes were included in the meta-analysis (OR: 1.58, P = 0.005). Furthermore, carriers of the T/T genotype accumulated less blood lactate in response to intense effort (P < 0.01) and exhibited higher (P = 0.04). In conclusion, the Glu490Asp polymorphism was associated with endurance athletic status and performance. Our findings suggest that, although ethnic differences may exist, the presence of the major T-allele (i.e., the Glu-490 allele) favours endurance performance more than the mutant A-allele (i.e., the 490-Asp allele). 相似文献
2.
3.
MARCIN SIELEZNIEW ROBERT RUTKOWSKI DONATA PONIKWICKA‐TYSZKO MIROS&#x;AW RATKIEWICZ IZABELA DZIEKA&#x;SKA GIEDRIUS &#x;VITRA 《Insect Conservation and Diversity》2012,5(3):223-236
Abstract. 1. The endangered butterfly Phengaris alcon exists in two ecotypes (P. ‘alcon’ and P. ‘rebeli’), which inhabit contrasting biotopes (wet and warm/dry grasslands respectively) and use different larval food plants. The initially flower‐bud‐feeding caterpillars complete their development as social parasites of Myrmica ants, and the specificity of these relationships shows geographical variation. 2. We studied the genetic structure of 16 populations (365 individuals) of both ecotypes in eastern Europe, sampling P. ‘rebeli’ in two disjunct areas in Lithuania and southern Poland, and P. ‘alcon’ on Polish localities between them. We analysed the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene, the EF1‐α nuclear gene and five polymorphic microsatellite loci. 3. All individuals shared an identical COI haplotype, which we hypothesise may be linked to a selective sweep associated with the presence of the Wolbachia B strain in all populations. 4. For nuclear markers, we did not find a clear pattern reflecting division into two putative ecotypes. However, ecotypes differed significantly in their genetic variability, i.e., the P. ‘rebeli’ ecotype was less polymorphic, and its populations were much more differentiated (FST: 0.632 for EF1‐α and 0.504 for microsatellites) than the P. ‘alcon’ ecotype (0.177 and 0.082, respectively). 5. Our microsatellite data suggest that all populations of P. ‘alcon’ form a single clade but that P ‘rebeli’ can be split into either six or two clades. The former model would indicate many independent origins, especially in the mountainous areas of southern Poland. The latter, not mutually exclusive, grouping clearly reflects the use of different host ants. 相似文献
4.
Szmodis MB Bodzsár EB Szmodis I Mészáros J 《Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Bericht über die biologisch-anthropologische Literatur》2004,62(2):217-229
Our previous analysis of anthropometric and exercise test data of 62 athletic and 56 non-athletic girls (age range 10.5-15.5 years) showed that the intensity of habitual exercise failed to discriminate between the group means of the studied variables. However, the patterns of intervariable correlations differed between the subgroups categorized by physical activity. The present paper studies the problem of this difference further by using exploratory multivariate regression of aerobic power (VO2max) on 10 anthropometric variables and age. The VO2(max) regression was significant (Y(nonathletic) = 0.0194x(1) + 0.004x(2) - 0.371x(3) + 0.045x(4) - 0.177x(5) + 0.070x(6) - 0.271x(7) - 0.170x(8) + 0.015x(9) - 0.0005x(10) + 0.185x(11), SEE = 0.37, R2 = 0.71, F(11.44) = 9.63; Y(athletic) = 0.029x(1) + 0.063x(2) + 0.277x(3) - 0.030x(4) - 0.069x(5) + 0.151x(6) - 0.148x(7) + 0.001x(8) + 0.018x(9) - 0.019x(10) - 0.065x(11), SEE = 0.32, R2 = 0.71, F(11.50) = 11.30), but none or only one of the independent variables had a significant partial regression coefficient. The individual VO2(max) estimates were studied in both groups by using the other group's regression formula to rule out sample dependence. Both formulae gave good approximations of the observed values in spite of the dissimilar regression coefficients. The path analysis of the respective criterion-predictor correlation coefficients confirmed that the relationship of the predictor variables with VO2(max) involved quantitatively direct and indirect effects in the non-athletic and athletic groups. 相似文献
5.
6.
Mészáros Z Mészáros J Völgyi E Sziva A Pampakas P Prókai A Szmodis M 《Journal of physiological anthropology》2008,27(5):241-245
The prevalence of juvenile excess weight keeps growing in the more developed world (WHO, 1998). The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Hungarian schoolboys in 1980 and 2005.Two independent representative data collections were performed in volunteer boys aged between 6.51 and 18.50 years in the same 90 settlements of the country in 1980 (n=13,061) and 2005 (n=13,060). Height, body mass, and five skinfolds were measured by the same investigators in both instances. Overweight and obesity were estimated by using BMI (Cole et al., 2000), respectively skinfold thicknesses (Parízková, 1961).The pair-wise differences between height means were consistently significant in the 12 age groups studied. Body mass differences were not exactly proportionate with height. The boys of 2005 had significantly more relative body fat than those of 1980. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was remarkably higher in 2005.Taller height and a part of the heavier body mass in 2005 was attributed to a positive secular growth trend. The increases in BMI and fat content are negative consequences of a markedly changed lifestyle associated with inactivity and dietary habits. Because of its public health importance the trends of childhood obesity should be closely monitored. 相似文献
7.
Abstract: A systematic account of highly diverse cyrtocrinid faunules from Upper Jurassic strata of ?tramberk type (Oxfordian–Tithonian) in southern Poland (Polish Carpathians) is presented. Fourteen taxa (Phyllocrinus malbosianus, Ph. stellaris, Ph. sp., Psalidocrinus armatus, Sclerocrinus compressus, S. polonicus sp. nov., Hemicrinus aff. kabanovi, Ancepsicrinus parvus gen. et sp. nov., Tetracrinus baumilleri sp. nov., Eugeniacrinites alexandrowiczi, E. cf. moravicus, E. sp., Eudesicrinus gluchowskii sp. nov. and Hemibrachiocrinus tithonicus sp. nov. are described and illustrated. Representatives of the genus Eudesicrinus, previously recorded only from the Lower Jurassic, are here shown to extend into the uppermost Jurassic. Other cyrtocrinids considered are common in Jurassic/Cretaceous strata across Europe. In the present faunules, isocrinid (Isocrinida), comatulid (Comatulida) and roveacrinid (Roveacrinida sensu Rasmussen, inclusive of Saccocoma) crinoids are associated. 相似文献
8.
9.
ELENA RAEVSKAYA MARCO VECOLI WIES&#;AW BEDNARCZYK MARCO TONGIORGI 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》2004,37(1):97-111
Billingen (Lower Arenig/Lower Ordovician) sediments of the St. Petersburg region, northwest Russia and the Leba area, northern Poland of the East European Craton yield acritarch assemblages, which are largely homogenous though displaying minor compositional differences that probably reflect a gradient from inner to outer shelf environments. Comparison with coeval acritarch microflora from the Yangtze Platform, South China, shows an overall similarity between Baltoscandian and South Chinese phytoplankton. The widespread uniformity in the fossil microphytoplankton may be related to the extensive global 'evae' sea-level transgression, which characterized the Billingen time. This suggests that during the Tremadoc through early Arenig times, acritarch assemblages displayed essentially an undifferentiated cold-water and oceanic character along the whole margin of Perigondwana in the South, as well as on the South Chinese and Baltic platforms, at middle latitudes (Mediterranean oceanic Realm). Despite this overall similarity, however, some typical taxa of the high-latitude Mediterranean Province (Arbusculidium, Coryphidium and Striatotheca) occur in South China, but are absent in Baltica. This discrepancy is explained as caused by differences in climatic and physiographic conditions that prevailed at the two palaeocontinents at this time. The inferred pattern of oceanic circulation during the Lower Ordovician is consistent with the palynological evidence of a prevailing warmer climate in Baltica than in South China, although the two palaeocontinents occupied the same palaeolatitudinal position. 相似文献
10.
ABSTRACT. Sensitivity to cooling stress in the last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella was measured as (a) the number of extra larval moults, (b) the number of larvae retaining the ability to secrete silk, and (c) the number showing arrested development. With respect to (a) and (b) there were considerable differences in sensitivity across the day. A relationship was observed between the number of additional larval moults induced by chilling and the ability of prepupal larvae to spin silk: the periods during the 24 h when the most larvae passed through additional larval moults were periods characterized by the smallest number of larvae capable of spinning, and vice versa. These daily changes were apparently partly independent of developmental age. Daily variations in sensitivity also occurred when larvae of the same age were cooled at different times of day. It is suggested that these rhythms in cold-sensitivity are related to a cold-sensitive rhythm in juvenile hormone secretion, or hormone sensitivity in the tissues. 相似文献