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排序方式: 共有90条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Localization of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Activities to Blood-Brain Interfaces and Circumventricular Organs 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
J. F. Ghersi-Egea B. Leninger-Muller G. Suleman G. Siest A. Minn 《Journal of neurochemistry》1994,62(3):1089-1096
Abstract: The brain, with the exception of the choroid plexuses and Circumventricular organs, is partially protected from the invasion of blood-borne chemicals by the specific morphological properties of the cerebral micro-vessels, namely, the tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier. Recently, several enzymes that are primarily involved in hepatic drug metabolism have been shown to exist in the brain, albeit at relatively low specific activities. In the present study, the hypothesis that these enzymes are located primarily at blood-brain interfaces, where they form an "enzymatic barrier," is tested. By using microdissection techniques or a gradient-centrifugation isolation procedure, the activities of seven drug-metabolizing enzymes in isolated microvessels, choroid plexuses, meningeal membranes, and tissue from three Circumventricular organs (the neural lobe of the hypophysis, pineal gland, and median eminence) were assayed. With two exceptions, the activities of these enzymes were higher in the three Circumventricular organs and cerebral microvessel than in the cortex. Very high membrane-bound epoxide hydrolase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities (approaching those in liver) and somewhat high 7-benzoxyre-sorufin- O -dealkylase and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activities were determined in the choroid plexuses. The pia-arachnoid membranes, but not the dura matter, displayed drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, notably that of epoxide hydrolase: The drug-metabolizing enzymes located at these nonparenchymal sites may function to protect brain tissue from harmful compounds. 相似文献
2.
Farhan Haq Salmaan Sharif Adnan Khurshid Aamer Ikram Imran Shabbir Muhammad Salman Abdul Ahad Muhammad Suleman Rana Aroosha Raja Nazish Badar Hanaa Tashkandi Turki Al Amri Esam I. Azhar Mohammed S. Almuhayawi Steve Harakeh Muhammad Faraz Arshad Malik 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(1):942
3.
Abid Suleman Kaliraj Lalitha Arif Muhammad Huzaifa Hurh Joon Ahn Jong Chan Yang Deok Chun Jung Seok-Kyu 《Molecular biology reports》2020,47(10):7699-7708
Molecular Biology Reports - Chrysanthemum indicum L. is a traditional oriental medicinal herb prepared as a tea from flowers that have been used in China and South Korea since ancient times. It has... 相似文献
4.
Models have been developed for the interaction of the pyrrolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole (PBI) antitumor agents with the two-electron activating enzyme DT-diaphorase and the DNA major groove. The DT-diaphorase model and experimental results indicate that the S-enantiomer of 3-carbamido PBI can enantioselect ovarian cancers. The reduced PBI interacts with the DNA major groove at AT base pairs by forming Hoogsteen-like hydrogen bonds. The reduced 3-amino PBI forms three hydrogen bonds in the major groove with the amino group acting as an H-bond donor to the thymine carbonyl. The DNA-binding model will permit the design of major groove recognition agents. 相似文献
5.
The objective of this study was to look for early pathological changes in stress target organs, adrenal glands, and stomachs in captured wild African green monkeys (AGMs). Three wild-caught male AGMs and seven singly housed wild AGMs were euthanized on day 1 and day 45 post-capture, respectively, and compared with four wild males euthanized with a rifle as controls. Morphometric analyses of the adrenal cortices and the cortical zones were done using an image analyzer. By day 45, the confined animals were clinically healthy, but had lost 47% mean body weight despite ad libitum feeding. The width of zona fasciculata in the controls was significantly smaller compared with that of 45-day monkeys (P < 0.05). Numerous acidophilic, hyperplastic and hypertrophic cells were present in the zona fasciculata of the 1-day confined AGMs. In the 45-day monkeys, there was glandular hyperplasia in the zona glomerulosa and the acini were distended and vacuous; yellow, granular pigmentation was distributed in the zona fasciculata. Acute stomach lesions represented by petechiation were seen in one monkey on day 1. Deep, circular, mucosal erosions, one to five in number and measuring from 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter, were present in three monkeys on day 45 post-capture. There were no adrenal cortex or stomach lesions in the rifle-shot monkeys. In conclusion, pathological lesions in the adrenal glands, and stomachs of the wild AGMs and weight loss occurred within the initial 45-day period following capture and confinement. 相似文献
6.
William A Cafruny Richard G Duman Grace HW Wong Suleman Said Pam Ward-Demo Raymond RR Rowland Eric A Nelson 《Virology journal》2006,3(1):1-17
Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the etiologic agent of PRRS, causing widespread chronic infections which are largely uncontrolled by currently available vaccines or other antiviral measures. Cultured monkey kidney (MARC-145) cells provide an important tool for the study of PRRSV replication. For the present study, flow cytometric and fluorescence antibody (FA) analyses of PRRSV infection of cultured MARC-145 cells were carried out in experiments designed to clarify viral dynamics and the mechanism of viral spread. The roles of viral permissiveness and the cytoskeleton in PRRSV infection and transmission were examined in conjunction with antiviral and cytotoxic drugs.Results
Flow cytometric and FA analyses of PRRSV antigen expression revealed distinct primary and secondary phases of MARC-145 cell infection. PRRSV antigen was randomly expressed in a few percent of cells during the primary phase of infection (up to about 20–22 h p.i.), but the logarithmic infection phase (days 2–3 p.i.), was characterized by secondary spread to clusters of infected cells. The formation of secondary clusters of PRRSV-infected cells preceded the development of CPE in MARC-145 cells, and both primary and secondary PRRSV infection were inhibited by colchicine and cytochalasin D, demonstrating a critical role of the cytoskeleton in viral permissiveness as well as cell-to-cell transmission from a subpopulation of cells permissive for free virus to secondary targets. Cellular expression of actin also appeared to correlate with PRRSV resistance, suggesting a second role of the actin cytoskeleton as a potential barrier to cell-to-cell transmission. PRRSV infection and cell-to-cell transmission were efficiently suppressed by interferon-γ (IFN-γ), as well as the more-potent experimental antiviral agent AK-2.Conclusion
The results demonstrate two distinct mechanisms of PRRSV infection: primary infection of a relatively small subpopulation of innately PRRSV-permissive cells, and secondary cell-to-cell transmission to contiguous cells which appear non-permissive to free virus. The results also indicate that an intact cytoskeleton is critical for PRRSV infection, and that viral permissiveness is a highly efficient drug target to control PRRSV infection. The data from this experimental system have important implications for the mechanisms of PRRSV persistence and pathology, as well as for a better understanding of arterivirus regulation. 相似文献7.
TMCd1 is a cadmium inducible metallothionein (MT) gene. In the present study the TMCd1 gene of a ciliate protozoan has been expressed in E. coli and the function of the expressed TMCd1 protein as a metal-binding protein has been evaluated. The growth of E. coli cells expressing the GST fused TMCd1 proteins in the presence of cadmium metal clearly demonstrated the role of TMCd1 as a metal-binding protein. The metal accumulation experiments showed that the bacterial cells expressing the functional TMCd1 protein accumulated 19-fold more cadmium in contrast to control cells that lacked the TMCd1 protein expression. The results clearly demonstrate a physiological role of full length TMCd1 protein of a ciliate, expressed in E. coli, in cadmium metal sequestration and detoxification. 相似文献
8.
Johanna Hasmats Ilya Kupershmidt Cristina Rodríguez-Antona Qiaojuan Jane Su Muhammad Suleman Khan Carlos Jara Xabier Mielgo Joakim Lundeberg Henrik Green 《Gene》2012
The growing collection of publicly available high-throughput data provides an invaluable resource for generating preliminary in silico data in support of novel hypotheses. In this study we used a cross-dataset meta-analysis strategy to identify novel candidate genes and genetic variations relevant to paclitaxel/carboplatin-induced myelosuppression and neuropathy. We identified genes affected by drug exposure and present in tissues associated with toxicity. From ten top-ranked genes 42 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in silico and genotyped in 94 cancer patients treated with carboplatin/paclitaxel. We observed variations in 11 SNPs, of which seven were present in a sufficient frequency for statistical evaluation. Of these seven SNPs, three were present in ABCA1 and ATM, and showed significant or borderline significant association with either myelosuppression or neuropathy. The strikingly high number of associations between genotype and clinically observed toxicity provides support for our data-driven computations strategy to identify biomarkers for drug toxicity. 相似文献
9.
Pollinator fig wasps (Agaonidae) are a model system for studies of sex ratio evolution. They lay their eggs in galled ovules
within figs. Only one adult emerges from each gall, suggesting that only one egg is always laid per ovule, but if double oviposition
occurs then the assumption that adult (realised) sex ratios of fig wasps are representative of primary sex ratios may be violated.
Many galls also fail to produce any wasps. If they initially contained eggs then differential mortality rates may also modify
realized sex ratios. We investigated whether Kradibia (= Liporrhopalum) tentacularis foundresses in Ficus montana figs avoid laying in ovules that already contain eggs. Comparisons of oviposition frequencies and wasp emergence frequencies
showed that most galls that failed to produce wasps will have had eggs laid in them, but few occupied ovules contained two
eggs. Realised sex ratios therefore do not necessarily reflect primary sex ratios in this species, but double oviposition
is not responsible. 相似文献
10.
U Bashir Aamir N Badar MR Mehmood N Nisar RM Suleman S Shaukat S Sharif J Kamran SS Zaidi BM Kazi L Gubareva X Xu R Garten A Klimov 《PloS one》2012,7(8):e41866