Biepicondylar fracture presenting with elbow dislocation: a case report

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Biepicondylar fracture of the elbow is very rare, and to date there have only been three reports of this injury and its treatment in the English scientific literature. This case report evaluates the surgical internal fixation of a biepicondylar fracture of the elbow with an associated dislocation. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 15-year-old Turkish girl with a biepicondylar fracture dislocation of the left elbow. Open reduction and an internal fixation operation were applied. There were no complications. CONCLUSION: In these injuries, open reduction and internal fixation appear to be a good method to restore elbow stability and function.     

Effects of light on trace elments and triiodothyronine levels in plasma of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio)

The changes of copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, manganese, and triiodothyronine as a result of short- and long-term isothermal exposure to light were determined in the plasma of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio). Two groups of fish were subject to a 3-mo treatment that consisted of (1) 8h of light followed by 16 h of darkness and (2) 16 h of light followed by 8h of darkness at 25°C. No significant changes were recorded between the two groups at the beginning of the study. After 3 mo, the triiodothyronine and elements levels as well as the growth rates of fish in the long-time exposure period were significantly higher than those in the short-time exposure (p<0.05).     

Epilithic and endolithic microorganisms and deterioration on stone church facades subject to urban pollution in a sub-tropical climate

Weathering of two church facades in Rio de Janeiro was caused substantially by salts, mainly halite and gypsum, detected by SEM and chemical analyses, which cause physical stresses by deposition within the rock. Biofilm populations, determined by SEM and as operational taxonomic units (OTUs), degraded stone by penetration, solubilization and redeposition of minerals on their surfaces. Endolithic cyanobacteria were associated with gypsum deposits. Microbiomes were typical for high-stress environments, high salt, intense insolation, low water and low nutrients (eg halophilic Rubrobacter, Salinicola, Sterigmatomyces). The main colonizers on the church most affected by traffic (Nossa Senhora da Candelária – CA) were Actinobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria (chiefly Pseudomonas) were predominant on the site situated in a leafy square (São Francisco de Paula – SF). Major Gammaproteobacteria on CA were halophilic Halomonas and Rhodobacteriaceae. Fungal OTUs on both churches were principally dimorphic, yeast-like basidiomycetes. Many OTUs of thermophilic microorganisms (eg the Thermomicrobia class, Chloroflexi) were present. This is the first use of next generation sequencing (NGS) to study microbial biofilm interactions with metamorphic and granite buildings in an intensely urban, sub-tropical climate.     

Are Consanguineous Marriage and Swaddling the Risk Factors of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

The purpose of this study was to investigate prospectively the effects of swaddling and consanguineous marriage on developmental dysplasia of the hip and associated risk factors. We screened by ultrasound 265 infants using the Graf method. The Pediatrics Department referred all newborn infants with suspected instability or a recognized risk factor to the orthopedic clinic. Risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip were searched and noted in these patients. Swaddling and consanguineous marriage were also determined and noted. We observed 164 of 265 infants (61.9 %) who had been swaddled and that 64 of 265 infants’ parents were in a consanguineous marriage (24.2 %). In the statistical analysis that was conducted for swaddling and consanguineous marriage, highly significant differences were found. Our study showed that the rate of developmental dysplasia of the hip is very high, 11.7 %, in our region, eastern Turkey. Also, we commonly see improper swaddling and consanguineous marriage in our region, which affects many infants.