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1.
Seven barley(Hordeum vulgäre L.) cultivars tested varied greatly in their responses to root medium salinity (electrical conductivity of 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS nr-1)-lant growth was relatively more adversely affected than seed germination. Dry/fresh mass ratio increased at higher salinity levels in all barley cultivars indicating reduced water uptake. Higher K/Na ratio in plant shoots compared to that in the root medium solution indicated selective uptake of K that seems to be among processes involved in tolerance of cultivars to salinity stress. 相似文献
2.
Cadmium (200 ppm) applied through the rooting medium to 30-day-old wheat plants decreased chlorophyll content, net CO2 exchanges and PSII activity by 34, 54 and 43% respectively. Thylakoid total lipids, total glycolipids, total phospholipids and total neutral lipids decreased by 22, 23, 12 and 25%, respectively, under cadmium treatment. Thylakoid membrane glycolipids had three major constituents, viz. monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol and sulphoquinovosyl diacylglycerol. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol contents decreased by 32 and 27%, respectively, under cadmium. Cadmium application also decreased the concentration of phosphatidyl glycerol and phosphatidyl choline to the extent of about 57 and 31%, respectively. On the other hand, phosphatidic acid and free fatty acids content showed an increase. These compositional changes in thylakoid membranes might be responsible for reduced PSII activity and rate of photosynthesis as observed under cadmium treatment. 相似文献
3.
DA/DAPI heteromorphisms in acrocentric chromosomes other than 15 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
4.
Summary Physical parameters of membrane bilayers were studied for their effect on the binding of hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd), which is used as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy of cancerous tissues. The purpose of this study was to clarify which parameters were relevant, under physiological conditions, to the selectivity of Hpd binding to cancer cells. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to measure the relative partitioning of the dye between the lipid and aqueous media. Increasing the microviscosity of the liposomes' membranes by various bilayer additives results in a strong reduction of Hpd binding, to an extent independent of the specific additive. The effect of temperature near the physiological value as well as the effect of cross membrane potential are small. Surface potential does not affect the binding constant, indicating that the binding species does not carry a net electric charge. 相似文献
5.
We have determined the free energy of formation of the binary complexes formed between skeletal troponin C and troponin T (TnC.TnT) and between troponin T and troponin I (TnT.TnI). This was accomplished by using TnC fluorescently modified at Cys-98 with N-(iodoacetyl)-N'-(5-sulfo-1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine for the first complex and TnI labeled at Cys-133 with the same probe for the other complex. The free energy of the ternary complex formed between troponin C and the binary complex TnT.TnI [TnC.(TnT.TnI)] was also measured by monitoring the emission of 5-(iodoacetamido)eosin attached to Cys-133 of the troponin I in TnT.TnI. The free energies were -9.0 kcal.mol-1 for TnC.TnT, -9.2 kcal.mol-1 for TnT.TnI, and -8.7 kcal.mol-1 for TnC.(TnT.TnI). In the presence of Mg2+ the free energies of TnC.TnT and TnC.(TnT.TnI) were -10.3 and -10.9 kcal.mol-1, respectively; in the presence of Ca2+ the corresponding free energies were -10.6 and -13.5 kcal.mol-1. Mg2+ and Ca2+ had negligible effect on the free energy of TnT.TnI. From these results the free energies of the formation of troponin from the three subunits were found to be -16.8 kcal.mol-1, -18.9 kcal.mol-1, and -21.6 kcal.mol-1 in the presence of EGTA, Mg2+, and Ca2+, respectively. Most of the free energy decrease caused by Ca2+ binding to the Ca2+-specific sites is derived from stabilization of the TnI-TnC linkage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
6.
Application of phosphorus at 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg P2O5 ha–1 in the presence of a uniform dressing of nitrogen (N) and potash (K2O) each applied at 20 and 24 kg ha–1 to chickpea (CM-88) grown in sandy loam soil in a replicated field experiment improved the nodulation response of the crop, increased its grain yield (ka ha–1) by 18, 59, 40 and 14 percent, biomass yield (ka ha–1) by 32, 32, 54 and 14 percent, biomass N (kg ha–1) by 31, 48, 49, 19 percent, and biomass P (kg ha–1) by 26, 40, 41 and 11 percent, respectively. The effect of phosphorus on the nitrogenase activity of the excised roots of chickpea was, however, inconsistent. 相似文献
7.
Our previous study indicated that, in the isolated rabbit heart, perfusion with Ca2+ free Krebs Henseleit buffer (KHB) results in increased conversion of exogenous arachidonic acid to PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, probably as the result of increased availability of substrate to cyclooxygenase. Since perfusion with Ca2+ free buffer is known to cause alterations in the cardiac content of various mono- and divalent cations, the present study was performed to determine: a) The relationship between the conversion of exogenous arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and cardiac content of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+; and b) Whether enhanced arachidonic acid conversion to prostaglandins during Ca2+ free perfusion is due to reduced incorporation of this fatty acid into tissue lipids. Perfusion of the rabbit heart with Ca2+ free buffer produced a significant reduction in the tissue content of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. However, the production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha from exogenous arachidonic acid was linearly correlated with tissue Mg2+. These observations, together with our finding that perfusion with Ca2+ free KHB reduced the incorporation of [3H] arachidonic acid into tissue lipids, suggests that Ca2+ free perfusion may, by reducing the activity of arachidonyl CoA synthetase (a Mg2+ dependent enzyme), decrease the acylation of arachidonic acid into lipids, thus increasing the availability of arachidonic acid to cyclooxygenase. 相似文献
8.
Romana Tabassum M. I. Rajoka K. A. Malik 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》1990,6(1):39-45
A comparison of different habitats, biogas plant, rumen fluid and sewage sludge, for cellulolytic organisms indicated sewage studge was the best source. Enrichment cultura gave a mixed culture which exhibited CMCase activity as well as extracellular Avicelase, xylanase, -glucosidase, -xylosidase activities and cell-bound -glucosidase, and -xylosidase production in a synthetic medium with eleven different cellulosic and lignocellulosic substrates. The activity of extracellular -glucosidase and -xylosidase production was significantly higher than endogenous activities. Hemicellulases were induced better than cellulases. The anzyme system was stable under aerobic conditions. Of the different lignocellulosic substrates, kallar grass was the best inducer of extracellular enzymes.
Résumé La comparaison de différents habitats: digesteur méthanique, fluide du rumen ou boue de station d'épuration, pour leur contenu en organismes cellulolytiques, indiquent que la boue de station d'épuration est la meilleure source. Une culture par enrichissement a produit une culture mixte qui a exhibé aussi bien une activité CMCase que des activitiés extracellulaires avicelasique, xylanasique, -glucosidasique et -xylosidasique et qu'une production de -glucosidase et de -xylosidase liées à la cellule, dans un milieu synthétique et pour onze substrats cellulosiques et lignocellulosiques différents. L'activité de la -glucosidase extracellulaire et la production de -xylosidase sont significativement plus élevées que les activitiés endogènes. Les hemicellulases sont mieux induites que les cellulases. Le système enzymatique est stable dans des conditions aérobies. Parmi les divers substrats lignocellulosiques, l'herbe Kallar est le meilleur inducteur d'enzymes extracellufaires.相似文献
9.
This study reports the effect of salinity and inoculation on growth, ion uptake and nitrogen fixation byVigna radiata. A soil ECe level of 7.5 dS m−1 was quite detrimental causing about 60% decline in dry matter and grain yield of mungbean plants whereas a soil ECe level of 10.0 dS m−1 was almost toxic. In contrast most of the studied strains of Rhizobium were salt tolerant. Nevertheless, nodulation, nitrogen
fixation and total nitrogen concentration in the plant was drastically affected at high salt concentration. A noticeable decline
in acetylene reduction activity occurred when salinity level increased to 7.5 dS m−1. 相似文献
10.
Greta Marynissen Abdullah Sener Willy J. Malaisse 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1992,113(2):105-121
A multifactorial quantitative analysis of oscillations in glycolysis was conducted in the postmicrosomal supernatant of rat muscle homogenates incubated in the presence of yeast hexokinase. Oscillations in adenine nucleotides, D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, triose phosphates, L-glycerol 3-phosphate, 3HOH generation from D-[5-3H]glucose, NADH and L-lactate production were documented. The occurrence of such oscillations were found to depend mainly on the balance between the consumption of ATP associated with the phosphorylation of D-glucose, as catalyzed by both yeast and muscle hexokinase, and the net production of ATP resulting from the further catabolism of D-fructose 6-phosphate, as initiated by activation of phosphofructokinase. The oscillatory pattern was suppressed in the presence of D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. It is proposed that the quantitative information gathered in this study may set the scene for further studies in extracts of cells other than myocytes, e. g. hepatocytes and pancreatic islet cells, in which no oscillation of glycolysis was so far observed. 相似文献