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1.
Suehisa Kuroda 《Primates; journal of primatology》1980,21(2):181-197
The affinitive interactions among the pygmy chimps seem to be the most frequent in the male/female combination, next in the female/female, and the least frequent in the male/male. The differences of frequencies among the combinations, however, are little, and it may be said that the pygmy chimps are not so much biased by sex in the affinitive relations. Their aggressive behavior is mild, and their behavior in general shows high tolerance, especially between different sexes and among females. Similar tendency is also seen in grouping (Kuroda, 1979). Therefore, the pygmy chimp’s society may be said to be integrated by the male/female affinity, little differentiated by sex in the grouping and the affinitive relations, and with high inter-individual tolerance and coherence. 相似文献
2.
Suehisa Kuroda 《Primates; journal of primatology》1979,20(2):161-183
The group formation inPan paniscus is flexible as inP. troglodytes. A group consisted of 16.9 chimps on the average, and a large groups of more than 30 chimps were often observed. The most
frequent groups are of the mixed group type, which occupied 80% of the observed cases. The group size varies in accordance
with the seasonal changes of the abundance and distribution of food resources, but in general it is larger than that ofP. troglodytes. The socionomic sex ratio does not seem to be highly correlated with the group size, and was around 76 on the average. And
neither the proportion of females with infants in a group nor that of estrous females seems to be correlated with the group
size. Therefore, the group composition appears to be rather uniform. This uniformity may be attributable toP. paniscus's concentrative nature and high male/female affinity. In comparison with the other African anthropoid apes,P. paniscus shows less sexual differentiation in its social structure.
This study was financed by the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of the Japanese
Government. 相似文献
3.
Suehisa Kuroda 《Journal of Ethology》1984,2(2):127-137
The pygmy chimpanzee rocks its upper body in a variety of contexts, while the common chimpanzee rocks in only 3 situations;
courtship, charging display and frustration. In the pygmy chimpanzee, behaviors involving rocking except for charging display
are intentional communicative behaviors which bring about various body contact interactions. Each interaction pattern corresponds
to each information set consisting of participant age-sex combination, additional signal and group situation. Rocking without
any other gestures functions as a sign of tolerance or appeasement to access. This suggests that communicative behaviors involving
rocking have a kind of segmentive structure, i.e., rocking represents access while other additional information sets represent
the interaction pattern, the character of which is analogous to linguistic communication. Rocking in most interactions possibly
derived from rocking in courtship behavior which appears to be a ritualized form of frustrated rocking, while other forms
of rocking may possibly be of different origins. 相似文献
4.
An alpha-1,2-mannosidase involved in the processing of N-linked oligosaccharides was prepared from the microsomal fraction of developing castor bean cotyledons. The processing alpha-mannosidase was solubilized with 1.0% Triton X-100 and purified by ion-exchange chromatography followed by two gel filtration steps. The enzyme obtained could convert Man9GlcNAc2-PA to Man5GlcNAc2-PA, but this enzyme was inactive with Man5GlcNAc2-PA, Man4GlcNAc2-PA, and p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside. The enzyme was optimally active between pH 5.5-6.0. The processing mannosidase was inhibited by deoxymannojirimycin, EDTA, and Tris ions but not by swainsonine. Structural analyses of the mannose-trimming intermediates produced by the alpha-mannosidase revealed that specific intermediates were formed during conversion of Man9GlcNAc2-PA to Man5GlcNAc2-PA. 相似文献
5.
Yoshinobu Kimura Hiroshi Suehisa Osamu Yamaguchi Shûhei Nakajima Shigeaki Takagi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):3259-3267
The structures of sugar chains from the water-soluble glycoproteins in developing castor beans have been identified. The structural analyses were done by a fluorescence method combined with exoglycosidase digestions and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The identified structures fell into two categories; one was an oligomannose-type, the other xylomannose-type or xylose-containing type. Among these oligosaccharides, Man3Fuc1Xyl1GlcNAc2 (M3FX; 38%) and Man6GlcNAc2 (M6B; 22%) were the major structures. The higher mannose-content oligosaccharides (Man8 ? 7GlcNAc2) were only 4.1%, and the further-modified structures (GNM3FX, M2FX) than M3FX were 22% of the total. 相似文献
6.
Hayashi Y Takayama K Suehisa Y Fujita T Nguyen JT Futaki S Yamamoto A Kiso Y 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2007,17(18):5129-5132
We designed and synthesized new peptidic self-cleavable spacers that released a parent drug via succinimide formation and the oligoarginine-based cargo-transporter (OACT) system. The self-cleavable efficacy of these compounds was studied and the conversion time was controlled by an amino acid side-chain structure next to the succinyl moiety on the spacer. These novel self-cleavable spacers are promising for developments of the OACT system as means to potentially enhance intestinal absorption of parent drugs. 相似文献
7.
Furuichi Takeshi Idani Gen'ichi Ihobe Hiroshi Kuroda Suehisa Kitamura Koji Mori Akio Enomoto Tomoo Okayasu Naobi Hashimoto Chie Kano Takayoshi 《International journal of primatology》1998,19(6):1029-1043
We analyzed population dynamics and birth seasonality of wild bonobos at Wamba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, based on 20 years of observations (1976–1996). Wamba Bonobo infant mortality is much lower than that reported for chimpanzees. This seemes to be related to several socioecological characteristics of bonobos: the use of abundant fruit and herbaceous foods, larger food patch size, female feeding priority, and the absence of infanticide. The mean interval between live births of 4.8 years is shorter than those reported for chimpanzees, and some females simultaneously carried and nursed two successive offspring. Mother–offspring conflicts, such as refusal of suckling attempts and interference with mothers' copulation, which are common in chimpanzees, are rare in Wamba bonobos. A birth peak seems to occur during the light rainy season from March to May, just after the season with the least rainfall. This timing of births is similar to those reported for chimpanzee populations, and might benefit both mother and offspring by maximizing the amount of time before the next dry season. 相似文献
8.
9.
Nojima J Masuda Y Iwatani Y Suehisa E Futsukaichi Y Kuratsune H Watanabe Y Takano T Hidaka Y Kanakura Y 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,365(1):195-200
Our aim was to clarify the role of anti-phospholipid antibodies in the pathogenesis of monocyte tissue factor (TF) expression and thromboembolic complications (TE) in patients with SLE. We examined cell surface expression of TF on monocytes in 93 SLE patients. Monocyte TF expression was significantly higher in SLE patients who had TE than in other SLE patients, and confirmed that the high expression of monocyte TF was a strong risk factor for TE. Furthermore, the presence of anti-cardiolipin/β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-CL/β2-GPI) was strongly associated with the high expression of monocyte TF. We therefore studied the in vitro effect of IgG anti-CL/β2-GPI on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TF on monocytes in healthy peripheral blood and found that purified IgG containing anti-CL/β2-GPI significantly enhanced LPS-induced monocyte TF expression. These results suggest that anti-CL/β2-GPI cause persistently high TF expression on monocyte, which may contribute to the risk of thromboembolic events in SLE patients. 相似文献
10.
The effects of soil-moisture tension on growth and floral development of field-grown Litchi chinensis, a woody subtropical fruit tree, were investigated. Floral initiation and fruit set were promoted by a high soil-moisture tension for 6 months, beginning with June, 1967, or for 4 months, beginning with October, 1967. The normal floral-initiation period in Hawaii is during the period November to January. The apical meristematic tissue, judged from the number of branches flowering, was apparently not adversely affected by a soil-moisture stress, provided adequate water was available during the floral-bud development period. Low soil-moisture tension (0.3 bar) throughout the experimental period was inhibitory for floral bud initiation. High soil-moisture tension inhibited growth of the trunk and the emergence of flush-growths. Flowering was correlated significantly, and negatively, with growth. Leaf nitrogen and potassium levels were unaffected by water stress, but the phosphorus levels in leaf and stem were lowered by high-moisture tension. Hydrolysis of starch under moisture stress, reported for some species, was not evident in the Litchi. No correlation between trophic constituents and flowering was observed. 相似文献