Separation of plant membranes by electromigration techniques

The review focuses on the multiple separating regimes that offers the free flow electrophoresis technique: free flow zone electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, isotachophoresis, free flow step electrophoresis. Also, the feasibility to apply either interval or continuous flow electrophoresis is evaluated. The free flow zone electrophoresis regime is generally selected for the separation of cells, organelles and membranes while the other regimes find their largest fields of applications in the purification of proteins and peptides. The latter regimes present the highest resolution efficiency. Therefore, a large part of this review is devoted to the applicabilities of these different regimes to the purification of organelles and membrane vesicles at the preparative scale. Recent developments, both in instrumentation and procedures, are described. The major achievements in plant membrane fractionation obtained with free flow electrophoresis are outlined. The related procedures are both analytical and preparative: they separate tonoplast and plasma membrane simultaneously from the same homogenate, they discriminate for one type of membrane vesicles of opposite orientation, and process large quantities of membrane material by reason of the continuous flow mode. Recent advances using electromigration techniques that permit confirmation of the dynamic state of membranes, characterisation of complex membrane-dependent functions and discovery of new membrane-localised activities are presented.     

Profiling SARS-CoV-2 HLA-I peptidome reveals T cell epitopes from out-of-frame ORFs

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Cross-reactions between human and animal plasma proteins

Summary The rôle of several structural and functional factors and of concentration on the cross-reactions of 28 human plasma proteins with their homologues in animal blood was investigated. The Immunological Evolution Group (IEG) system was employed for this purpose as described earlier (Bauer, 1970 a). No interaction of structural factors was detected, while an influence of serum level of the different proteins could not be ruled out with certainty.At least in the case of the 4 immunoglobulins and the 3 complement factors, included in the IEG-system, protein function and evolution show some degree of correlation, indicating the influence of function on molecular evolution in the case of these plasma proteins.     

Body condition helps to explain metabolic rate variation in wolf spiders

1. Metabolism is the fundamental process that powers life. Understanding what drives metabolism is therefore critical to our understanding of the ecology and behaviour of organisms in nature. 2. Metabolic rate generally scales with body size according to a power law. However, considerable unexplained variation in metabolic rate remains after accounting for body mass with scaling functions. 3. We measured resting metabolic rates (oxygen consumption) of 227 field‐caught wolf spiders. Then, we tested for effects of body mass, species, and body condition on metabolic rate. 4. Metabolic rate scales with body mass to the 0.85 power in these wolf spiders, and there are metabolic rate differences between species. After accounting for these factors, residual variation in metabolic rate is related to spider body condition (abdomen:cephalothorax ratio). Spiders with better body condition consume more oxygen. 5. These results indicate that recent foraging history is an important determinant of metabolic rate, suggesting that although body mass and taxonomic identity are important, other factors can provide helpful insights into metabolic rate variation in ecological communities.     

Untersuchungen über gerbstoffführende Pflanzen

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Beitrag zur Phanerogamenflora der Bukowina und des angrenzenden Theiles von Siebenbürgen

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Pharmacological studies with beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents I. Effect on the smooth muscle of the taenia coli of the guinea pig.

The action of new beta-blockers of VUFB series (VUFB 6502, VUFB 8102, VUFB 8227, and trimepranol) (Fig. 1) was analyzed in smooth msucle of guinea pig taenia coli by the double sucrose-gap method. All the studied beta-blockers increased the spontaneous spike activity without changes in membrane potential. The amino-analogues (VUFB 8101, VUFB 8102, VUFB 8227) as well as practolol were found to be 50 to 100 times less active than the oxy-derivatives (VUFB 6502 and Trimepranol) for the inhibition of spike activity, muscle relaxation and membrane hyperpolarization evoked by isoprenaline. None of the studied compounds had a pronounced alpha-blocking activity. The structure-activity relationship of the studied compounds was discussed.