排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
中国的炭疽杆菌DNA分型及其地理分布 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
炭疽广泛分布于中国各地,特别是西部地区,并经常造成人畜疾病,在一项合作研究中,用多位点VNTR分析(MLVA)对从1952-1998年自中国主要地理流行区域分离的病人,病畜和土壤等来源的炭疽杆菌进行了基因分型,MLVA分析结果揭示了21种新的基因型,其等位基因组合在以前世界范围分离物的研究中未曾发现,此外,分离物的分群显示,A3b组是地理上最广泛分布的基因组,说明该组可能是中国的“地方流行株”。而来自古丝绸之路重要贸易中心新疆的大量分离株其基因型特别分散。 相似文献
2.
Ceribelli A Yao B Dominguez-Gutierrez PR Nahid MA Satoh M Chan EK 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(4):229
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs about 21 nucleotides in length. miRNAs have been shown
to regulate gene expression and thus influence a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Moreover, they are
detected in a variety of sources, including tissues, serum, and other body fluids, such as saliva. The role of miRNAs is evident
in various malignant and nonmalignant diseases, and there is accumulating evidence also for an important role of miRNAs in
systemic rheumatic diseases. Abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in autoimmune diseases, mainly in systemic lupus
erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. miRNAs can be aberrantly expressed even in the different stages of disease progression,
allowing miRNAs to be important biomarkers, to help understand the pathogenesis of the disease, and to monitor disease activity
and effects of treatment. Different groups have demonstrated a link between miRNA expression and disease activity, as in the
case of renal flares in lupus patients. Moreover, miRNAs are emerging as potential targets for new therapeutic strategies
of autoimmune disorders. Taken together, recent data demonstrate that miRNAs can influence mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis,
relapse, and specific organ involvement of autoimmune diseases. The ultimate goal is the identification of a miRNA target
or targets that could be manipulated through specific therapies, aiming at activation or inhibition of specific miRNAs responsible
for the development of disease. 相似文献
3.
Satoh M Krzyszczak ME Li Y Ceribelli A Ross SJ Chan EK Segal MS Bubb MR Sobel ES Reeves WH 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(3):R73
Introduction
The presence of anti-topoisomerase I (topo I) antibodies is a classic scleroderma (SSc) marker presumably associated with a unique clinical subset. Here the clinical association of anti-topo I was reevaluated in unselected patients seen in a rheumatology clinic setting. 相似文献4.
5.
JINDŘIŠKA BOJKOVÁ KLÁRA KOMPRDOVÁ TOMÁŠ SOLDÁN SVĚTLANA ZAHRÁDKOVÁ 《Freshwater Biology》2012,57(12):2550-2567
1. Rapid expansion and intensification of anthropogenic activities in the 20th century has caused profound changes in freshwater assemblages. Unfortunately, knowledge of the extent and causes of species loss (SL) is limited due to the lack of reliable historical data. An unusual data set allows us to compare changes in the most sensitive of aquatic insect orders, the Plecoptera, at some 170 locations in the Czech Republic between two time periods, 1955–1960 and 2006–2010. Historical data (1890–1911) on assemblages of six lowland rivers allow us to infer even earlier changes. 2. Regional stonefly diversity decreased in the first half of the 20th century. Streams at lower altitudes lost a substantial number of species, which were never recovered. In the second half of the century, large‐scale anthropogenic pressure caused SL in all habitats, leading to a dissimilarity of contemporary and previous assemblages. The greatest changes were found at sites affected by organic pollution and a mixture of organic pollution and channelisation or impoundment. Colonisation of new habitats was observed in only three of the 80 species evaluated. 3. Species of moderate habitat specialisation and tolerance to organic pollution were most likely to be lost. Those with narrow specialisations in protected habitats were present in both historical and contemporary collections. 4. Contemporary assemblages are the consequence of more than a 100 years of anthropogenic impacts. In particular, streams at lower altitude and draining intensively exploited landscapes host a mere fragment of the original species complement. Most stonefly species are less frequently present than before, although their assemblages remain almost intact in near‐natural mountain streams. Our analyses demonstrate dramatic restriction of species ranges and, in some cases, apparent changes in altitudinal preference throughout the area. 相似文献
6.
Steve Horvath Abu NM Nazmul-Hossain Rodney PE Pollard Frans GM Kroese Arjan Vissink Cees GM Kallenberg Fred KL Spijkervet Hendrika Bootsma Sara A Michie Sven U Gorr Ammon B Peck Chaochao Cai Hui Zhou David TW Wong 《Arthritis research & therapy》2012,14(6):1-13
Bone tissue has an exceptional quality to regenerate to native tissue in response to injury. However, the fracture repair process requires mechanical stability or a viable biological microenvironment or both to ensure successful healing to native tissue. An improved understanding of the molecular and cellular events that occur during bone repair and remodeling has led to the development of biologic agents that can augment the biological microenvironment and enhance bone repair. Orthobiologics, including stem cells, osteoinductive growth factors, osteoconductive matrices, and anabolic agents, are available clinically for accelerating fracture repair and treatment of compromised bone repair situations like delayed unions and nonunions. Preclinical and clinical studies using biologic agents like recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins have demonstrated an efficacy similar or better than that of autologous bone graft in acute fracture healing. A lack of standardized outcome measures for comparison of biologic agents in clinical fracture repair trials, frequent off-label use, and a limited understanding of the biological activity of these agents at the bone repair site have limited their efficacy in clinical applications. 相似文献
7.
8.
Wählby C Kamentsky L Liu ZH Riklin-Raviv T Conery AL O'Rourke EJ Sokolnicki KL Visvikis O Ljosa V Irazoqui JE Golland P Ruvkun G Ausubel FM Carpenter AE 《Nature methods》2012,9(7):714-716
We present a toolbox for high-throughput screening of image-based Caenorhabditis elegans phenotypes. The image analysis algorithms measure morphological phenotypes in individual worms and are effective for a variety of assays and imaging systems. This WormToolbox is available through the open-source CellProfiler project and enables objective scoring of whole-worm high-throughput image-based assays of C. elegans for the study of diverse biological pathways that are relevant to human disease. 相似文献
9.
Activation of hypothalamic RIP‐Cre neurons promotes beiging of WAT via sympathetic nervous system 下载免费PDF全文
Baile Wang Ang Li Xiaomu Li Philip WL Ho Donghai Wu Xiaoqi Wang Zhuohao Liu Kelvin KL Wu Sonata SY Yau Aimin Xu Kenneth KY Cheng 《EMBO reports》2018,19(4)
Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat by cold increases energy expenditure. Although their activation is known to be differentially regulated in part by hypothalamus, the underlying neural pathways and populations remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that activation of rat‐insulin‐promoter‐Cre (RIP‐Cre) neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) preferentially promotes recruitment of beige fat via a selective control of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow to subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), but has no effect on BAT. Genetic ablation of APPL2 in RIP‐Cre neurons diminishes beiging in sWAT without affecting BAT, leading to cold intolerance and obesity in mice. Such defects are reversed by activation of RIP‐Cre neurons, inactivation of VMH AMPK, or treatment with a β3‐adrenergic receptor agonist. Hypothalamic APPL2 enhances neuronal activation in VMH RIP‐Cre neurons and raphe pallidus, thereby eliciting SNS outflow to sWAT and subsequent beiging. These data suggest that beige fat can be selectively activated by VMH RIP‐Cre neurons, in which the APPL2–AMPK signaling axis is crucial for this defending mechanism to cold and obesity. 相似文献
10.
Arg16/Gly beta2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism alters the cardiac output response to isometric exercise. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
John H Eisenach Sunni A Barnes Tasha L Pike Lynn A Sokolnicki Shizue Masuki Niki M Dietz Kent H Rehfeldt Stephen T Turner Michael J Joyner 《Journal of applied physiology》2005,99(5):1776-1781
Normotensive adults homozygous for glycine (Gly) of the Arg16/Gly beta2-adrenergic-receptor polymorphism have 1) greater forearm beta2-receptor mediated vasodilation and 2) a higher heart rate (HR) response to isometric handgrip than arginine (Arg) homozygotes. To test the hypothesis that the higher HR response in Gly16 subjects serves to maintain the pressor response [increased cardiac output (CO)] in the setting of augmented peripheral vasodilation to endogenous catecholamines, we measured continuous HR (ECG), arterial pressure (Finapres), and CO (transthoracic echocardiography) during isometric, 40% submaximal handgrip to fatigue in healthy subjects homozygous for Gly (n = 30; mean age +/- SE: 30 +/- 1.2, 13 women) and Arg (n = 17, age 30 +/- 1.6, 11 women). Resting data were similar between groups. Handgrip produced similar increases in arterial pressure and venous norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations; however, HR increased more in the Gly group (60.1 +/- 4.3% increase from baseline vs. 45.5 +/- 3.9%, P = 0.03), and this caused CO to be higher (Gly: 7.6 +/- 0.3 l/m vs. Arg: 6.5 +/- 0.3 l/m, P = 0.03), whereas the decrease in systemic vascular resistance in the Gly group did not reach significance (P = 0.09). We conclude that Gly16 homozygotes generate a higher CO to maintain the pressor response to handgrip. The influence of polymorphic variants in the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene on the cardiovascular response to sympathoexcitation may have important implications in the development of hypertension and heart failure. 相似文献