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A cDNA clone encoding Brassica calmodulin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A 834 bp cDNA encoding calmodulin (CaM) has been isolated from Brassica juncea. On Northern analysis this cDNA hybridises this cDNA to mRNAs of about 0.9 kb in leaf, silique and peduncle. Genomic Southern analysis indicates the presence of a CaM multigene family in Brassica juncea. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of Brassica CaM with that of Arabidopsis CaM ACaM-2 and ACaM-3 showed 100% homology, which is not unusual, since both plants belong to the family Cruciferae. In situ hybridisation studies on Brassica seedlings using a digoxigenin-labelled RNA probe showed that high levels of CaM mRNA were detected in the leaf primordia and the shoot apical meristem, and to a lesser degree, in the zone of root elongation of the root tip. The occurrence of a higher rate of cell division and growth in these regions than its surrounding tissue may possibly be related to higher levels of CaM mRNA. 相似文献
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María Fernanda Lammoglia Cobo Julia Ritter Regina Gary Volkhard Seitz Josef Mautner Michael Aigner Simon Vlkl Stefanie Schaffer Stephanie Moi Anke Seegebarth Heiko Bruns Wolf Rsler Kerstin Amann Maike Büttner-Herold Steffen Hennig Andreas Mackensen Michael Hummel Andreas Moosmann Armin Gerbitz 《PLoS pathogens》2022,18(4)
Reconstitution of the T cell repertoire after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a long and often incomplete process. As a result, reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a frequent complication that may be treated by adoptive transfer of donor-derived EBV-specific T cells. We generated donor-derived EBV-specific T cells by stimulation with peptides representing defined epitopes covering multiple HLA restrictions. T cells were adoptively transferred to a patient who had developed persisting high titers of EBV after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). T cell receptor beta (TCRβ) deep sequencing showed that the T cell repertoire of the patient early after transplantation (day 60) was strongly reduced and only very low numbers of EBV-specific T cells were detectable. Manufacturing and in vitro expansion of donor-derived EBV-specific T cells resulted in enrichment of EBV epitope-specific, HLA-restricted T cells. Monitoring of T cell clonotypes at a molecular level after adoptive transfer revealed that the dominant TCR sequences from peptide-stimulated T cells persisted long-term and established an EBV-specific TCR clonotype repertoire in the host, with many of the EBV-specific TCRs present in the donor. This reconstituted repertoire was associated with immunological control of EBV and with lack of further AITL relapse. 相似文献
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Tien Chye Tan Oliver Spadiut Thanyaporn Wongnate Jeerus Sucharitakul Iris Krondorfer Christoph Sygmund Dietmar Haltrich Pimchai Chaiyen Clemens K. Peterbauer Christina Divne 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
Pyranose dehydrogenases (PDHs) are extracellular flavin-dependent oxidoreductases secreted by litter-decomposing fungi with a role in natural recycling of plant matter. All major monosaccharides in lignocellulose are oxidized by PDH at comparable yields and efficiencies. Oxidation takes place as single-oxidation or sequential double-oxidation reactions of the carbohydrates, resulting in sugar derivatives oxidized primarily at C2, C3 or C2/3 with the concomitant reduction of the flavin. A suitable electron acceptor then reoxidizes the reduced flavin. Whereas oxygen is a poor electron acceptor for PDH, several alternative acceptors, e.g., quinone compounds, naturally present during lignocellulose degradation, can be used. We have determined the 1.6-Å crystal structure of PDH from Agaricus meleagris. Interestingly, the flavin ring in PDH is modified by a covalent mono- or di-atomic species at the C(4a) position. Under normal conditions, PDH is not oxidized by oxygen; however, the related enzyme pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O) activates oxygen by a mechanism that proceeds via a covalent flavin C(4a)-hydroperoxide intermediate. Although the flavin C(4a) adduct is common in monooxygenases, it is unusual for flavoprotein oxidases, and it has been proposed that formation of the intermediate would be unfavorable in these oxidases. Thus, the flavin adduct in PDH not only shows that the adduct can be favorably accommodated in the active site, but also provides important details regarding the structural, spatial and physicochemical requirements for formation of this flavin intermediate in related oxidases. Extensive in silico modeling of carbohydrates in the PDH active site allowed us to rationalize the previously reported patterns of substrate specificity and regioselectivity. To evaluate the regioselectivity of D-glucose oxidation, reduction experiments were performed using fluorinated glucose. PDH was rapidly reduced by 3-fluorinated glucose, which has the C2 position accessible for oxidation, whereas 2-fluorinated glucose performed poorly (C3 accessible), indicating that the glucose C2 position is the primary site of attack. 相似文献
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Cynthia Chen Nasheen Naidoo Benjamin Er Angela Cheong Ngan Phoon Fong Choo Yian Tay Kin Ming Chan Boon Yeow Tan Edward Menon Chye Hua Ee Kok Keng Lee Yee Sien Ng Yik Ying Teo Gerald C. H. Koh 《PloS one》2013,8(12)
Objectives
To (1) identify social and rehabilitation predictors of nursing home placement, (2) investigate the association between effectiveness and efficiency in rehabilitation and nursing home placement of patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation from 1996 to 2005 by disease in Singapore.Design
National data were retrospectively extracted from medical records of community hospital.Data Sources
There were 12,506 first admissions for rehabilitation in four community hospitals. Of which, 8,594 (90.3%) patients were discharged home and 924 (9.7%) patients were discharged to a nursing home. Other discharge destinations such as sheltered home (n = 37), other community hospital (n = 31), death in community hospital (n = 12), acute hospital (n = 1,182) and discharge against doctor’s advice (n = 24) were excluded.Outcome Measure
Nursing home placement.Results
Those who were discharged to nursing home had 33% lower median rehabilitation effectiveness and 29% lower median rehabilitation efficiency compared to those who were discharged to nursing homes. Patients discharged to nursing homes were significantly older (mean age: 77 vs. 73 years), had lower mean Bathel Index scores (40 vs. 48), a longer median length of stay (40 vs. 33 days) and a longer time to rehabilitation (19 vs. 15 days), had a higher proportion without a caregiver (28 vs. 7%), being single (21 vs. 7%) and had dementia (23 vs. 10%). Patients admitted for lower limb amputation or falls had an increased odds of being discharged to a nursing home by 175% (p<0.001) and 65% (p = 0.043) respectively compared to stroke patients.Conclusions
In our study, the odds of nursing home placement was found to be increased in Chinese, males, single or widowed or separated/divorced, patients in high subsidy wards for hospital care, patients with dementia, without caregivers, lower functional scores at admission, lower rehabilitation effectiveness or efficiency at discharge and primary diagnosis groups such as fractures, lower limb amputation and falls in comparison to strokes. 相似文献8.
Chin Chye Teo William Pooi Kat Chong Ying Swan Ho 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2013,9(5):1109-1128
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has emerged as an efficient extraction technique for various kinds of biological samples due to its low usage of extraction solvents and shorter extraction time. This review will focus on the recent developments and advantages of incorporating MAE in sample preparation protocols for the analysis of small molecules in plant, food and clinical samples in recent years. The operating principles of this technique and the key parameters influencing its extraction efficiency, including the nature of solvent, temperature, power and extraction time and their limitations are first mentioned. This is followed by a discussion on the advantages of applying MAE to extract organic contaminants in food for routine food safety analysis and active ingredients recovery. The successful application of MAE technique to recover bioactive compounds from plants in drug discovery studies and quality control purposes is then described. Additionally, the feasibility of using green solvents such as water, micelle and ionic liquids with MAE for plant metabolite profiling studies is evaluated and the associated challenges discussed. Finally, the application of MAE in clinical samples is highlighted. The use of MAE in this field is currently limited to the targeted detection of small molecules in human samples, due to a lack of knowledge of its effects on thermally labile metabolites. Consequently, the need for additional studies on how MAE impacts the recoveries of different metabolite classes in mammalian samples is discussed. The outcome of these studies can potentially broaden MAE applications in the clinical field. 相似文献
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Lipid trafficking is vital for metabolite exchange and signal communications between organelles and endomembranes. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) are involved in the intracellular transport, protection, and pool formation of acyl-CoA esters, which are important intermediates and regulators in lipid metabolism and cellular signaling. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of plant ACBP families from a cellular and developmental perspective. Plant ACBPs have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana (a dicot) and to a lesser extent in Oryza sativa (a monocot). Thus far, they have been detected in the plasma membrane, vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, apoplast, cytosol, nuclear periphery, and peroxisomes. In combination with biochemical and molecular genetic tools, the widespread subcellular distribution of respective ACBP members has been explicitly linked to their functions in lipid metabolism during development and in response to stresses. At the cellular level, strong expression of specific ACBP homologs in specialized cells, such as embryos, stem epidermis, guard cells, male gametophytes, and phloem sap, is of relevance to their corresponding distinct roles in organ development and stress responses. Other interesting patterns in their subcellular localization and spatial expression that prompt new directions in future investigations are discussed. 相似文献
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